Abstract:
A process for preparing 2,5,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one by reacting diethyl ketone with crotonaldehyde or a compound which is converted under the chosen reaction conditions into crotonaldehyde, in the presence of basic agents at elevated temperature, which comprises a) simultaneously pumping one mole of crotonaldehyde or one mole of a compound which is converted under the reaction conditions into crotonaldehyde, about 5 to 30 moles of diethyl ketone and the aqueous solution or suspension of a strong base, through separate lines or at least partly in the form of a suitable mixture, continuously into a pressure vessel, which is heated where appropriate and which ensures vigorous mixing, in such a way that b) the reaction temperature is between 150.degree.C and 350.degree.C, and the average residence time in the pressure vessel is only about 0.1 second to 20 minutes.
Abstract:
A process for the continuous production of alpha and/or beta -ionones or homologous compounds by means of concentrated sulphuric acid at temperatures of 20 to 90 DEG C in the presence of organic solvents or diluents with cooling, and the subsequent halting of the reaction by the hydrolysis of the reaction mixtures with water or dilute sulphuric acid, in which the cyclization of the pseudo-ionones and the subsequent hydrolysis of the reaction mixture is performed in a practically adiabatic reaction in one or more successive reaction mixing pump(s) consisting of a rotational symetrical mixing chamber formed by a peripheral wall and two faces and driven mixing rotor of a material unaffected by sulphuric acid, where the mixing chamber has at least one inlet for each component and an outlet for the reaction mixture and annular chanels in fluid communication with each other in the faces, and the heat of reaction of both reactions is partly or fully evacuated with the aid of a downstream heat exchanger.
Abstract:
Catalytic reactions are carried out in a reactor which contains a liquid phase in which at least one catalyst is suspended, and which may additionally contain a gas phase, by a process in which the liquid phase and , if present, also the gas phase are fed, at least partly, through an apparatu s having orifices or channels in the reactor, the hydraulic diameter of which orifices or channels is from 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably from 1 to 10 mm, particularly preferably from 1 to 3 mm.
Abstract:
Catalytic reactions are carried out in a reactor which contains a liquid phase in which at least one catalyst is suspended, and which may additionally contain a gas phase, by a process in which the liquid phase and, if present, also the gas phase are fed, at least partly, through an apparatus having orifices or channels in the reactor, the hydraulic diameter of which orifices or channels is from 0.5 to 20 mm, preferably from 1 to 10 mm, particularly preferably from 1 to 3 mm.
Abstract:
Alkenes are prepared by partial hydrogenation of alkynes in the liquid phase over palladium catalysts by a process which comprises A. using a fixed-bed catalyst which is obtainable by heating the preferably metallic carrier in the air, cooling, coating under reduced pres3ure with metallic palladium, suitable moldlng and proces3ing to a monolithic catalyst elements and B. adding from 10 to 180 ppm of CO to the hydrogen used for the hydrogenation .
Abstract:
A dividing wall column for separating a mixture into 3 or more fractions by distillation is described, where at least one dividing wall is detachably attached within the dividing wall column.
Abstract:
O.Z. 0050/43114 A process for the preparation of a monolithic supported catalyst from a metallic support material, wherein the support material, in the form of a woven metal fabric or metal foil, is successively heated in air, cooled and coated under reduced pressure with active components and promoters, and the coated support material is subsequently cut, shaped and finally converted into a monolithic catalyst element.
Abstract:
Vorgeschlagen wird ein Verfahren zur Aufarbeitung des Abgases aus einer Anlage zur Herstellung von Hydroxylamin oder Hydroxylammonium-Salzen durch katalytische Reduktion von Stickstoffmonoxid mit Wasserstoff zwecks Verwertung zumindest eines Teils des im Abgas enthaltenen Stickstoffmonoxids und gegebenenfalls Wasserstoff zur Herstellung von Hydroxylamin oder Hydrolxylammonium-Salzen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass aus dem Abgas der Anlage zur Herstellung von Hydroxylamin oder Hydroxylammonium- Salzen in einer ersten Trennstufe Stickstoffmonoxid selektiv abgetrennt wird.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a device for carrying out, in a substantially isothermal manner, a heterogeneously catalysed reaction in a gas phase with high heat tonality. The inventive device comprises at least one reactor chamber (101) with an inlet (131, 141) and an outlet (143). The reactor chamber is defined by heat dissipating walls, lying at a substantially constant distance of /m and good thermal conductibility; the reaction gas in the reactor chamber flows at a rate of >/= 200 m per m surface area per hour; and a heat exchange medium flows on the side of the reactor wall opposite the reactor chamber.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von höherkettigen Carbonylverbindungen durch Umsetzung von niederkettigen Carbonylverbindungen mit Aldehyden an basischen oder sauren Katalysatoren in einer Rektifikationskolonne.