Abstract:
본 발명은 탄산나트륨(Na 2 CO 3 ) 수용액을 이용한 섬유소계 바이오매스의 전처리 방법 및 장치에 관한 것으로, 그 목적은 탄산나트륨 수용액을 사용하여 목질계 바이오매스를 구성하는 성분 중 셀룰로오스 성분을 제외한 헤미셀룰로오스 및 리그닌을 침출시켜 셀룰로오스의 잔류율이 높은 고형 성분을 얻도록 한 목질계 바이오매스의 전처리 방법 및 장치를 제공하는 데 있다. 본 발명의 구성은 침출반응기에 목질계 바이오매스를 공급하는 단계(S100)와; 침출반응기에 후압을 제공하면서 알칼리 용매인 탄산나트륨 수용액을 공급하는 단계(S200)와; 설정된 반응 온도와 압력하의 침출반응기에서 탄산나트륨 수용액과 목질계 바이오매스를 반응시켜 셀룰로오스를 제외한 리그닌 및 헤미셀룰로오스를 추출하는 단계(S300)와; 침출반응기 내의 고형 성분인 목질계 바이오매스로부터 잔류한 셀룰로오스를 추출하는 단계(S400)와; 침출반응기에서 추출된 리그닌, 헤미셀룰로오스 및 탄산나트륨 수용액으로 이루어진 용액을 저장조에 포집후, 기액분리 또는 화학적분리를 통해 탄산나트륨 수용액을 회수하는 단계(S500);로 이루어진 탄산나트륨(Na 2 CO 3 ) 수용액을 이용한 섬유소계 바이오매스의 전처리 방법 및 그 장치를 발명의 특징으로 한다.
Abstract:
본 발명은 다면체로 이루어진 광생물반응기에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 비닐 재질의 시트(sheet)를 이용하여 다면체 구조로 형성함으로써 빛의 조사 면적을 향상시키는 다면체로 이루어진 광생물반응기에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따른 다면체로 이루어진 광생물반응기는, 외부에 일정 높이로 다수개의 고정수단을 서로 교호되게 고정시켜 상,하 및 좌,우로 각각의 삼각형상으로 상호 대칭되게 형성되며 그 내부에 미세조류 및 배양액이 수용되는 반응시트와; 상기 반응시트의 내부에 이산화탄소를 공급하는 이산화탄소공급부와; 상기 반응시트의 내부로 공급되었던 이산화탄소에서 미세조류의 광합성작용에 의해 분해된 산소를 배출시키는 산소배출부를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 한다.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A method for manufacturing raw oil for biodiesel and a method for manufacturing the biodiesel using the raw oil are provided to effectively remove phospholipid from oil obtained from biomass and to raise the yield rate of the raw oil. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing raw oil for biodiesel includes: a step of removing solid matters from oil obtained from biomass containing the oil and fat; a step of determining the amounts of a sulfuric acid catalyst and methanol using a central composite design based on a response surface method; and a step of esterifying the oil without degumming under a condition in which the sulfuric acid catalyst and the methanol exist with the determined amounts in order to remove phospholipid and free fatty acid from the oil below a predetermined content. The biomass from gum tree is a tropical crop containing over 40 ppm of the phospholipid. A reaction system includes below 0.6 to 1.0 percentages of the sulfuric acid catalyst against the weight of the oil according to the central composite design based on the response surface method. The reaction system includes 20 to 30 percentages of the methanol against the weight of the oil, and the content of the phospholipid removed through esterification is 10 ppm or less. [Reference numerals] (S300) Remove solid matters; (S302) Esterify; (S304) Remove methanol and moisture; (S306) Transesterify
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A photo-bioreator with a carbon dioxide mixing and guiding device, and a method for culturing microalgae using the same are provided to enhance photosynthesis efficiency by activating the mixture of carbon dioxide with the microalgae in a chamber. CONSTITUTION: A photo-bioreactor with a carbon dioxide mixing and guiding device comprises a chamber(1), a carbon dioxide supply unit(2), an oxygen discharge unit(3), and the carbon dioxide mixing and guiding device. The chamber has a cover(11) at the upper portion, and contains microalgae and a culture medium. The carbon dioxide supply unit supplies carbon dioxide into the chamber. The oxygen discharge unit discharges oxygen generated from the carbon dioxide inside the chamber through the photosynthesis of the microalgae. The carbon dioxide mixing and guiding device induces the mixture of the carbon dioxide and the microalgae.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A collecting method of methanol of specific purity from mixed solution is provided to obtain methanol of high purity by only distilling method because of using mixed solution of methanol, and acid catalyst as a base raw material generated from pretreatment method for manufacturing biodiesel. CONSTITUTION: A collecting method of methanol of specific purity from mixed solution comprises: a step of pretreatment reaction after adding methanol and acid catalyst to vegetable or animal fats and fatty oils; a step of separating mixed solution of the methanol and the acid catalyst in an upper layer, and pretreated fats or fatty oil in a lower layer; and a step of supplying mixed solution of the separated the mixed solution to a vaporizer, vaporizing the mixed solution by heating under the temperature condition of 30-75 °C and the pressure condition of 200-800mbar, and obtaining condensed methanol by passing vaporized materials into one or more condensers.
Abstract:
A method for manufacturing the single step continuation type biodiesel by using a pseudo-multistage CSTR reactor and a continuous methanol collection device, and its apparatus are provided to reduce the cost for equipment and to decrease the energy cost by collecting the unreacted alcohol. A method for manufacturing the single step continuation type biodiesel by using a pseudo-multistage CSTR reactor and a continuous methanol collection device comprises the steps of mixing a catalyst solution comprising a homogeneous basic catalyst dissolved in an alcohol and a preheated animal or vegetable oil to supply continuously to the lower end of a pseudo-multistage CSTR reactor(4) constituted with a single reactor with stirring for transesterification; transferring the produced mixture such as glycerin, fatty acid alkyl ester and unreacted alcohol to a continuous evaporator of the reduced pressure state with the same flux, thereby collecting the unreacted alcohol; transferring the glycerin phase and the fatty acid ester phase to a separator to separate them; and transferring the separated glycerin phase to a glycerin processing equipment and transferring the fatty acid ester phase to a washing process to wash it, to remove moisture and to filter it to produce biodiesel.
Abstract:
A tungsten oxide zirconia catalyst and a method for removing a free fatty acid contained in oil using the same are provided to improve the activity of the tungsten oxide zirconia catalyst in removing the free fatty acid from waste oil. A tungsten oxide zirconia catalyst is obtained by putting metatungstate into a carrier of zirconium or a compound including zirconium, and then stirring, drying, and plasticizing the resultant compound. The carrier is composed of Zr(OH)4. The carrier is composed of one or more selected from ZrO2, XZ16122(Mono/Tetrag, SiO2(
Abstract:
본 발명은 폐식용유중의 유리지방산 제거방법에 관한 것으로 보다 상세하게는 폐식용유에 함유된 유리지방산을 불균질계 무기 고체 산촉매(heterogeneous solid acid catalyst)를 이용하여 폐식용유중의 유리지방산을 제거하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명은 바이오디젤유의 제조의 원료로 사용할 수 있도록 폐식용유중에 함유된 유리지방산을 불균질계 무기 고체 산촉매를 이용하여 제거할 수 있는 폐식용유중의 유리지방산 제거방법 제공을 목적으로 한다. 본 발명의 폐식용유중의 유리지방산 제거방법은 폐식용중의 유리지방산 제거에 있어서, 불균질계 무기 고체 산촉매하에서 알콜과 유리지방산을 함유한 폐식용유를 반응시키는 단계를 포함한다.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A photo-bioreactor and a method for culturing photosynthetic bacteria using the same are provided, thereby optimally culturing photosynthetic bacteria, regardless of the outside temperature. CONSTITUTION: A vertical pipe type photo-bioreactor(1) comprises a circulating pipe; a heat exchanger(2) for regulating the temperature of the bioreactor regardless of the outside temperature; a circulating hole(14) positioned under the circulating pipe; an air dispersing plate(3) with an air introducing hole(4) for supplying air to the bioreactor which is positioned in the lower outside of the circulating pipe. A method for culturing photosynthetic bacteria using the photo-bioreactor comprises maintaining the temperature of a medium in the bioreactor to 25 to 35 deg. C and supplying air to the medium in the bioreactor, thereby microorganisms cultured in the medium are circulated.