Abstract:
본 발명은 수중에 발생된 조류(algae) 및 폐수 중의 부유물질을 수면 위로 고속으로 제거하면서 부영양화 원인인 인산염을 연속적으로 동시에 제거하는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 양전하를 제공하는 무기염과 고분자로 개질화된 자성분말체를 조류가 발생된 수역 또는 폐수 중에 주입하여 진탕(shaking)하면 음전하를 띠고 있는 녹조 및 부유물질은 전위차법에 의해 양전하를 띠고 있는 자성분말체 표면에 흡착되고, 수중에 이온상태로 존재하는 인산염은 무기염과 반응하여 부유물질인 불용성의 인산염이 형성되며, 이곳에 외부자력을 공급하여 수중에 발생된 녹조 및 부유물질은 물론 부영양화 원인인 인산염을 동시에 수면 위로 고속제거하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 전위차법, 조류(algae), 부유물질, 인산염
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Provided are a composite metal oxide catalyst for vapour phase hydrogenation, a preparation method thereof and a method for preparing phthalide from ester phthalate using the composite metal oxide catalyst, wherein the catalyst exhibits high selectivity, productivity and extended catalytic activity in the process of preparing phthalide from ester phthalate by vapour phase hydrogenation even under the mild conditions of low temperature at 130 to 220 deg.C, low pressure of 1 to 10 atm and low hydrogen/ester phthalate ratio ranging from 500 to 3,000. CONSTITUTION: The catalyst is represented as follows: £CuO(a)ZnO(b)MnO2(c)SiO2(d)|(100-x)M(x), where M is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Re oxides, Ru oxides and Ag oxides, a is 20 to 90, b is 0.01 to 10, c is 0.01 to 5, d is 5 to 65 and x is 0.001 to 5, wherein a, b, c, d and x are expressed on the basis of weight. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution containing copper salt, zinc salt and manganese salt; adding an alkali solution to the mixed solution to coprecipitate copper, zinc and manganese in the form of hydrogel, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is in the range of 1 to 30 deg.C and pH is kept in the range of 6 to 9; adding nano size colloidal silica to the hydrogel, thereby obtaining a mixed slurry, wherein the colloidal silica is stabilized by NH4¬+, Na¬+ and other alkali metal, and particle size and specific surface area thereof are 4 to 60 nm and 100 to 300 m¬2/g, respectively; hydrothermal aging the mixed slurry at 50 to 100 deg.C for more than 0.5 hr; filtering the mixed slurry after hydrothermal aging to separate cake, followed by washing the cake, wherein the washing is conducted until residual concentration of alkali metal is less than 1000 ppm; and drying and tableting the washed cake.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A method for preparing 1,4-butanediol from an maleic acid ester is provided to produce 1,4-butanediol stably with high selectivity, high yield and high productivity without the treatment for reactivating a catalyst. CONSTITUTION: The method comprises the step of hydrogenating an maleic acid ester in the presence of a catalyst represented by CuO(a)MnO2(b)M(c)SiO2(d), wherein a, b, c and d are a percentage based on weight, a is 40-90, b is 0.15-5, c is 0.001-5 and d is 5-50; and M is at least one oxide of metal selected from the group consisting of Zn, Pt, Pd, Re, Ru and Rh. Preferably the catalyst is used in the hydrogenation after activated by using hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing gas at a temperature of 100-250 deg.C for 1-60 hours. Preferably the hydrogenation is carried out at a temperature of 140-260 deg.C and a pressure of 30-120 atm with a weight hourly space velocity of a maleic acid ester of 0.1-2.0/hr. Preferably the maleic acid ester is selected from dimethyl malate, diethyl malate, dipropyl malate, diisopropyl malate and dibutyl malate.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A preparation method of silica stabilized copper catalyst used in hydrogenating or dehydrogenating organic compounds is provided, and the catalyst prepared by the method is provided. CONSTITUTION: The preparation method of Cu/SiO2 catalyst comprises the steps of (a) preparing a slurry solution of copper hydroxide by adding a precipitant solution to an aqueous copper salt solution; (b) preparing a copper hydroxide-silica slurry solution by stirring the mixed solution after adding a colloidal silica solution to the slurry solution; (c) separating sediments from the solution and cleaning the sediment after aging the copper hydroxide-silica slurry solution at a temperature of 50 to 100 deg.C; and (d) drying and baking the cleaned sediment, wherein the precipitant is carbonate or hydroxide of alkaline metal, a weight ratio of copper oxide (CuO) to silica (SiO2) of catalyst is 9:1 to 3:7, the colloidal silica is stabilized by ammonium (NH4¬+), Na¬+ or other alkali metal, has a particle size of 4 to 60 nm, surface area of 100 to 300 m¬2/g and concentration of 5 to 60 wt.% on the basis of silica, and the aging is performed at a temperature of 60 to 90 deg.C for 0.5 to 24 hours.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A method for removing algae, suspended materials, and nutritive salts in water with a potential difference method at high speed is provided to minimize economical damage by protecting contamination of a lake or sea. CONSTITUTION: A method for removing algae, suspended materials, and nutritive salts in water with a potential difference method at high speed through includes the following steps of: moving a device for continuous removal of algae and phosphate on the water surface; measuring concentration of the algae, the suspended materials, and hydrogen ion flowed to an inlet of a reaction tank(1); supplying a modified magnetic property composite, acid or alkali respectively; separating the algae and the nutritive salts attached on the magnetic property composite powder in the reaction tank; and discharging the water to an outlet of the reaction tank.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a hydrogenation catalyst represented by the following formula 1, a method for the preparation thereof, and a method for preparing gamma-butyrolactone using this catalyst. The method for preparing gamma-butyrolactone from maleic anhydride using the catalyst of the invention prepared by stabilizing the precursor particles of copper oxide, zinc oxide, and manganese oxide with a silica exhibits high selectivity, high yield, and high productivity under the operation conditions of a low molar ratio of hydrogen with regard to the reactants, and enables the preparation of gamma-butyrolactone from maleic anhydride with long-term stability without requiring frequent re-activation of the catalyst: Formula (I) CuO(a)ZnO(b)MnO 2 (c)SiO 2 (d) wherein a, b, c, and d are represented on the basis of weight, wherein a is 20 to 90, b is 0.01 to 10, c is 0.01 to 5, and d is 5 to 50.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Provided are a catalyst for vapour phase hydrogenation, a preparation method thereof and a method for preparing gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) from maleic anhydride (MAn) using the catalyst, wherein the catalyst exhibits high selectivity, productivity and extended catalytic activity in the process of preparing gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) from maleic anhydride (MAn) by vapour phase hydrogenation even under the mild conditions of low temperature, low pressure and low hydrogen/maleic anhydride ratio. CONSTITUTION: The catalyst is represented as follows: CuO(a)ZnO(b)MnO2(c)SiO2(d), where a is 20 to 90, b is 0.01 to 10, c is 0.01 to 5 and d is 5 to 50, wherein a, b, c and d are expressed on the basis of weight. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution containing copper salt, zinc salt and manganese salt; adding an alkali solution to the mixed solution to coprecipitate copper, zinc and manganese in the form of hydrogel, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is in the range of 1 to 30 deg.C and pH is kept in the range of 6 to 9; adding nano size colloidal silica to the hydrogel, thereby obtaining a mixed slurry, wherein the colloidal silica is stabilized by NH4¬+, Na¬+ and other alkali metal, and particle size and specific surface area thereof are 4 to 60 nm and 100 to 300 m¬2/g, respectively; hydrothermal aging the mixed slurry at 50 to 100 deg.C for more than 0.5 hr; filtering the mixed slurry after hydrothermal aging to separate cake, followed by washing the cake, wherein the washing is conducted until residual concentration of alkali metal is less than 1000 ppm; and drying and tableting the washed cake.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A preparation method of silica stabilized copper catalyst used in hydrogenating or dehydrogenating organic compounds is provided, and the catalyst prepared by the method is provided. CONSTITUTION: The preparation method of Cu/SiO2 catalyst comprises the steps of (a) preparing a slurry solution of copper hydroxide by adding a precipitant solution to an aqueous copper salt solution; (b) preparing a copper hydroxide-silica slurry solution by stirring the mixed solution after adding a colloidal silica solution to the slurry solution; (c) separating sediments from the solution and cleaning the sediment after aging the copper hydroxide-silica slurry solution at a temperature of 50 to 100 deg.C; and (d) drying and baking the cleaned sediment, wherein the precipitant is carbonate or hydroxide of alkaline metal, a weight ratio of copper oxide (CuO) to silica (SiO2) of catalyst is 9:1 to 3:7, the colloidal silica is stabilized by ammonium (NH4¬+), Na¬+ or other alkali metal, has a particle size of 4 to 60 nm, surface area of 100 to 300 m¬2/g and concentration of 5 to 60 wt.% on the basis of silica, and the aging is performed at a temperature of 60 to 90 deg.C for 0.5 to 24 hours.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: Provided are a composite metal oxide catalyst for vapour phase hydrogenation, a preparation method thereof and a method for preparing phthalide from ester phthalate using the composite metal oxide catalyst, wherein the catalyst exhibits high selectivity, productivity and extended catalytic activity in the process of preparing phthalide from ester phthalate by vapour phase hydrogenation even under the mild conditions of low temperature at 130 to 220 deg.C, low pressure of 1 to 10 atm and low hydrogen/ester phthalate ratio ranging from 500 to 3,000. CONSTITUTION: The catalyst is represented as follows: £CuO(a)ZnO(b)MnO2(c)SiO2(d)|(100-x)M(x), where M is at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Re oxides, Ru oxides and Ag oxides, a is 20 to 90, b is 0.01 to 10, c is 0.01 to 5, d is 5 to 65 and x is 0.001 to 5, wherein a, b, c, d and x are expressed on the basis of weight. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the steps of preparing a mixed solution containing copper salt, zinc salt and manganese salt; adding an alkali solution to the mixed solution to coprecipitate copper, zinc and manganese in the form of hydrogel, wherein the temperature of the mixed solution is in the range of 1 to 30 deg.C and pH is kept in the range of 6 to 9; adding nano size colloidal silica to the hydrogel, thereby obtaining a mixed slurry, wherein the colloidal silica is stabilized by NH4¬+, Na¬+ and other alkali metal, and particle size and specific surface area thereof are 4 to 60 nm and 100 to 300 m¬2/g, respectively; hydrothermal aging the mixed slurry at 50 to 100 deg.C for more than 0.5 hr; filtering the mixed slurry after hydrothermal aging to separate cake, followed by washing the cake, wherein the washing is conducted until residual concentration of alkali metal is less than 1000 ppm; and drying and tableting the washed cake.
Abstract:
본 발명은 감마-부티로락톤, 아민유도체 및 물을 반응시켜 피롤리돈 유도체를 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 산성형 실리카-알루미나 크레이(acid clay) 촉매하에서 감마-부티로락톤, 메틸아민 및 물의 몰비가 1:1~7:1~25이고, 반응온도 250~400℃, 공간속도 700hr -1 ∼2000hr -1 , 반응압력 상압~10기압인 조건에서 직접 기상촉매 반응시켜 N-메틸-2-피롤리돈을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명의 방법은 감마-부티로락톤으로부터 피롤리돈 유도체를 제조함에 있어서, 온화한 반응 조건하에서 높은 선택율과 고수율로 피롤리돈 유도체를 제조할 수 있는 효과를 갖는다.