Abstract:
The invention relates to a telecommunication device having a power-supplying receiving device (4) and a transmitter device (1) supplied by the receiving device (4) via a current loop (3) for the output of at least one variable measurement value, wherein the measurement value is imprinted on the loop current, comprising a further device (2) supplied from the current loop (3), and a method for the operating voltage supply thereof. For this purpose the invention provides that the device (2) is equipped with control means (11, 12) for the adaptive operating voltage adjustment relative to the loop current as a function of the current power requirement, said control means reducing the operating voltage (Uw) up to a minimum operating voltage value upon increasing loop current in a reversed proportional manner to the loop current, and keeping the operating voltage (Uw) constant in case of a further increase of the loop current in a loop current independent manner.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed for operating a flowmeter, such as an inductive flowmeter, in which a medium flows through a measuring tube, and an arrangement of electrodes are conductively connected to the medium. To determine a filling level in a simple and reliable manner, at least four electrodes are arranged in the measuring tube essentially in a half-circumferential region based on a cross section through the measuring tube. When at least one signal is fed in at one of the electrodes or at one of the electrode pairs, an electrical current is measured at an electrode or between an electrode pair. An electrical voltage is measured between at least one other electrode pair or with respect to a common connection to ground. When comparing measurements with two different electrode combinations, different voltage and current values are related to infer a diagnosis, such as a filling level in the tube, and/or an electrode coating, and/or an oblique installation, and/or a sedimentation at a bottom of the tube. The diagnosis can be used to correct a flow rate.
Abstract:
A protective circuit arrangement is disclosed for electrical equipment supplied, for example, from a conductor loop in surroundings subject to explosion hazards in process engineering installations. To suppress current flow from an energy store of the electrical equipment into the conductor loop, an exemplary cascadeable switchgear cell is disclosed, having a first transistor, which allows the loop current to pass, and a second transistor, which short-circuits a parasitic base-emitter diode of the first transistor.
Abstract:
The arrangement has energized power connectors (11, 21, 31) of switching cells (10, 20, 30) connected with a connecting terminal of a conductor loop. Other energized power connectors (12, 22, 32) of the switching cell are connected with another connecting terminal of the conductor loop by an electronic circuit of an electrical operating unit. Control terminals (13, 23, 33) are connected with the latter connecting terminal of the conductor loop, and an asymmetrical type transistor (17) provides forward amplification that is larger than the rearward amplification.