Abstract:
The density of a multiphase fluid mixture (gas and liquid) and the volumetric flow rate of the liquid and gas in the mixture may be determined by measuring the hydrostatic pressure difference across a span of a horizontal conduit section or a vertical conduit section by pressure transmitters spaced apart opposite each other on the horizontal conduit leg or spaced apart vertically along a vertical conduit leg. The pressure difference due to hydrostatic pressure only may be determined in the vertical conduit leg by also measuring the pressure difference along a span of a horizontal conduit leg of length equal to the span of the pressure difference measurements in the vertical leg to eliminate calculation of the pressure drop due to friction. Volumetric flow rates of gas and liquid may be determined based on the density measurements and the volumetric flow rate of the fluid mixture.
Abstract:
A system (10) and method for matrix stimulation field monitoring providing real time control, optimization and post job evaluation of matrix treatments is disclosed herein. Using calculated or measured bottom hole pressures or coil tubing reflective pressures, the system (10) and method predicts pre-treatment damage or skin from a step rate test, then shows the evolution of skin removal versus treating fluid volume in real time. The method and system (10) provides real time information about diverter use, treatment height, damage radius and other important well parameters.
Abstract:
A multiphase flowmeter device (50) for measuring multiphase fluid flowstreams of gas, oil and water. The device includes a separator (31) for separating gas from liquid and a Coriolis flowmeter (22) for flowstreams of relatively high gas-to-liquid ratio. The device also includes a water fraction meter (32), a turbine flowmeter (25) and a densitometer (15) for measuring flows with relatively low gas-to-liquid ratios.
Abstract:
A downhole gas-liquid separator (36) for multiphase fluid producing wells (10) includes a tubular member (39) with a spiral baffle (42) disposed therein and a duct (48) including an inlet (50) disposed adjacent the discharge end (46) of the spiral baffle (42). Fluid flow into the separator (36) undergoes substantial gas an d liquid separation by centrifugal forces imposed on the liquid as it progresses through the spiral flowpath (43). Gas is drawn off at the discharge end (46) of the spiral baffle (42) and discharged into the wellbore annulus (26) while liquid and a small amount of gas pass on through the separator (36) and the production tubing (22) to the surface. The spiral baffle (42) may be disposed in the wellbore between the distal end (23) of the production tubing string and the point of entry (20) of gas and liquid into the wellbore. The separator (36) may inlcude a retrievable tubular body (80) inserted in a ported nipple (66) interposed in the tubing string (22).
Abstract:
Liquid wastes and slurries of ground solid wastes are injected into earth formation zones (12) which have a fluid content of fluid similar to the liquid wastes or slurry which is below the irreducible saturation level for the liquid wastes or slurry to be injected. The formation (12) may be non-hydrocarbon bearing or a depleted hydrocarbon bearing reservoir which has been depleted by enhanced fluid recovery techniques below its ambient irreducible fluid saturation value.
Abstract:
A system for cementing well casing (16) in a bore hole (12) utilizes only top (22) and bottom (20) cementing plugs. The well casing (16) has on its lower end an inwardly extending lip (18) to engage a latch (30) on the lower portion of the bottom cementing plug (20). The bottom cementing plug (20) has a through passage (26) that is covered on the top by a diaphragm (32) and on the bottom by another diaphragm (34).
Abstract:
The concentration of one liquid, such as water, in another liquid, such as crude or refined oil, existing in a mixture which also includes entrained gas is carried out by an apparatus (Fig. 1, 10) which measures a change in a microwave oscillator (30) operating frequency and the difference between incident and transmitted power with respect to a measurement section of the apparatus (10). Continuous monitoring (60) of the difference in incident versus transmitted power is carried out to detect the presence of gas and then selectively averaged peak values of the concentration of one liquid in another are determined to provide an accurate measurement (62) of the content of water in oil even with the presence of various amounts of entrained gas in the mixture.
Abstract:
A dispersant for drilling fluids, spacer fluids, completion fluids, cement slurries and mixtures of drilling fluids and cement slurries used for drilling and cementing subterranean wells.
Abstract:
A transducer for an acoustic logging tool (10) includes a liquid-filled cavity (14) formed by a substantially rigid housing portion (12) of the tool (10) and having a resilient barrier member (20) disposed between liquid in the wellbore and the liquid (24) in the cavity (14). A magnetic field (32) extends transversely through the cavity (14) and a member (40), which may comprise a rigid plate (40), a flexible member (64) or a quantity of electrically conductive liquid (102) trapped between flexible membranes (98, 100), is disposed in the cavity (14) for movement normal to the magnetic field. A voltage is generated (52, 54) in response to movement of liquid (24) in the cavity (14) which is proportional to the velocity of the plate (40) or member (64), or the velocity of the conductive liquid (102), the length of the conductive path and the intensity of the magnetic field in accordance with the principles of the Lorentz force.
Abstract:
A process for converting a feedstock containing ethylene to produce heavier hydrocarbons in the gasoline or distillate boiling range including the steps of contacting the olefins feedstock with a first siliceous crystalline molecular sieve at an elevated temperature and relatively low pressure under conditions which maximize the conversion of ethylene to C3-C4 olefins and C5+ hydrocarbons, separating C3-C4 olefins from the C5+ hydrocarbons, and contacting the separated C3-C4 olefins with a second siliceous crystalline molecular sieve at moderate temperatures under conditions favorable for conversion of the C3-C4 olefins to heavier hydrocarbons in the gasoline or distillate boiling range.