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    1.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1259284B

    公开(公告)日：1968-01-25

    申请号：DEB0082205

    申请日：1965-06-01

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： WILHELM DR HANS ,  BILLE DR HEINZ ,  HANN ERNST WILHELM ,  DACHS DR KARL

    IPC: C08J3/07 ,  C08L77/00 ,  D06M15/59

    Abstract: A composition suitable for use in the treatment of textiles comprises an aqueous dispersion containing (a) a polyamide which is a co-condensate of 25-40% by weight of one or more lactams having 6-12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or of equivalent omega-aminocarboxylic acids, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylene diamine with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of 4,41-diamino-dicyclohexylmethane with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms and 0-10% by weight of one or more other polyamide-forming substances and (b) a protective colloid which is a water-soluble copolymer having a K value of at least 90 and derived from 10-35% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 57.5-90% by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylamide and 5-40% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of methacrylamide and 0-7.5% by weight of one or more other monomers. Suitable other polyamide-forming substances are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams. The other monomers in the protective colloid may be a -chloro-acrylic, phenylacrylic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic or vinylsulphonic acid or an anhydride, salt or ester thereof, methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methylacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide or a vinyl lactam. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005-1% by weight of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, e.g. derivatives of urea, melamine, dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups and groups with polymerizable olefinic double bonds and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide. The dispersion may contain 0.5-5% by weight of the protective colloid based on the weight of the polyamide. The dispersions may be prepared by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or a mixture thereof, with water which contains the protective colloid and, if desired, distilling off all or part of the solvent. The dispersion may also contain polyolefines, polyacrylates, water repellents, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, organic solvents and reaction products, which may be etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine, ethyleneurea, trimethyleneurea, 4,5-dihydroxy imidazolidone-(2), triazone (2) and its 5-alkyl and 5-hydroxy-alkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms in the alkyl or hydroxyl alkyl radical, 5-hydroxytrimethyleneurea or urones. In one example, the dispersion also includes an acrylonitrile-methyl acrylate (50/50) copolymer which has been incompletely hydrolysed with ammonia.ALSO:Fabrics e.g. of cotton, are coated with an aqueous dispersion containing (a) a polyamide which is a cocondensate of 25-40% by weight of one or more lactams having 6-12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or of equivalent omega-aminocarboxylic acids, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylene diamine with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of 4, 41-diaminodicyclohexylmethane with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms and 0-10% by weight of one or more other polyamide-forming substances and (b) a protective colloid which is a water-soluble copolymer having a K value of at least 90 and derived from 10-35% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 57.5-90% by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylamide and 5-40% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of methacrylamide and 0-7.5% by weight of one or more other monomers, and then dried and heated to at least 100 DEG C. Suitable other polyamide-forming substances are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams. The other monomers in the protective colloid may be a -chloro-acrylic, phenylacrylic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic or vinylsulphonic acid or an anhydride, salt or ester thereof, methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methyl acrylamide, N-ethyl-acrylamide or a vinyl lactam. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005-1% by weight of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, e.g. derivatives of urea, melamine dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups, and groups with polymerizable olefinic double bonds and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide and N-methylolacrylamide. The dispersion may contain 0.5-5% by weight of the protective colloid based on the weight of the polyamide. The dispersions may be prepared by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or a mixture thereof, with water which contains the protective colloid and if desired distilling off all or part of the solvent. The dispersion may also contain polyolefines, poly-acrylates, water repellents, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, organic solvents and reaction products, which may be etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine, ethyleneurea, trimethyleneurea, 4, 5-dihydroxy imidazolidone-(2), triazone (2) and its 5-alkyl and 5-hydroxyalkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms in the alkyl or hydroxyl alkyl radical, 5-hydroxytrimethyl-eneurea or uranes.ALSO:Textile material, e.g. cotton fabric, is finished and non-woven fabrics bonded by treating them with an aqueous dispersion containing (a) a polyamide which is a cocondencate of 25-40% by weight of one or more lactams having 6-12 carbon atoms in the lactam ring or of equivalent omega-aminocarboxylic acids, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of hexamethylene diamine with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms, 25-40% by weight of one or more salts of 4, 41-diaminodicyclohexylmethane with linear dicarboxylic acids having 6-12 carbon atoms and 0-10% by weight of one or more other polyamide-forming substances and (b) a protective colloid which is a water-soluble copolymer having a K value of at least 90 and derived from 10-35% by weight of acrylic and/or methacrylic acid, 57.5-90% by weight of a mixture consisting of acrylamide and 5-40% by weight (on the whole of the monomers) of methacrylamide and 0-7.5% by weight of one or more other monomers, and then drying and heating the treated material to at least 100 DEG C. Suitable other polyamide-forming substances are dicarboxylic acids, omega-aminocarboxylic acids or diamines which are branched or contain a hetero atom in the chain, and C-substituted lactams. The other monomers in the protective colloid may be a -chloro-acrylic, phenylacrylic, crotonic, maleic, fumaric, itaconic, citraconic, mesaconic or vinylsulphonic acid or an anhydride, salt or ester thereof, methyl or ethyl acrylate or methacrylate, vinyl acetamide, N-dimethylacrylamide, N-methyl acrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide or a vinyl lactam. Particularly preferred protective colloids contain 0.005-1% by weight of copolymerizable monomers containing N-methylol groups, e.g. derivatives of urea, melamine, dicyandiamide and guanidine containing N-methylol groups, and groups with polymerizable olefinic double bonds and particularly N-methylolmethacrylamide p and N-methylolacrylamide. The dispersion may contain 0.5-5% by weight of the protective colloid based on the weight of the polyamide. The dispersions may be prepared by mixing a solution of the polyamide in an organic solvent, e.g. ethanol, isopropanol, butanol or a mixture thereof, with water which contains the protective colloid and if desired distilling off all or part of the solvent. The dispersion may also contain polyolefines, poly-acrylates, water repellents, dyes, pigments, thickening agents, organic solvents and reaction products, which may be etherified with alcohols containing up to four carbon atoms, of formaldehyde with urea, melamine, ethyleneurea, trimethyleneurea, 4, 5-dihydroxy imidazolidone-(2), triazone-(2) and its 5-alkyl and 5-hydroxyalkyl derivatives having up to four carbon atoms in the alkyl or hydroxyl alkyl radical, 5-hydroxytrimethyleneurea or uronea.

    5.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1046630B

    公开(公告)日：1958-12-18

    申请号：DEB0036446

    申请日：1955-07-12

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： FIKENTSCHER DR HANS ,  WILHELM DR HANS ,  WIRTH DR HEINRICH ,  DACHS DR KARL

    IPC: A01N25/10 ,  C08F2/22 ,  C08F8/00 ,  C09K23/00

    Abstract: A dispersing agent or protective colloid comprises a water-soluble copolymer of carboxylic acid amides or a water-soluble copolymer of at least 15 per cent by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid amide or of mixtures of unsaturated carboxylic acid amide or of mixtures of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides, with reference to the total amount of monomers, with one or more other monomers and having its k-value increased by heating its aqueous or water-containing solution to a temperature above 50 DEG C. The heat treatment to increase the k-value is preferably used on 5 to 40 per cent solutions; 1 to 70 per cent solutions may also be used and the temperature should generally lie between 100 DEG and 140 DEG C. Aqueous solvents in which the process may be carried out include methanol, propanol, butanol, glycol, propane-diol, glycerine, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethyl formamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofurane or dioxane and the solvent need not be complete miscible with water. The dispersing agent may be used for oils, waxes, fats, hydrocarbons, sulphur, linseed oil used in paints (Example 15), titanium/iron oxide pigments (Example 14), phthalocyanine due pigments and paraffin. The dispersing media include methanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, glycol, propane-diol, butane-diol, glycerine, butane-triol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with nitrogen and halo derivatives, dimethyl formamide, nitriles, ethers and cyclic ethers. Specification 757,770 is referred to.ALSO:A dispersing agent or protective colloid comprises a water-soluble copolymer of carboxylic acid amides or a water-soluble copolymer of at least 15 per cent by weight of an unsaturated carboxylic acid amide or of mixtures of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides, with reference to the total amount of monomers, with one or more other monomers and having its k-valve increased by heating its aqueous or water-containing solution to a temperature above 50 DEG C. The heat treatment to increase the k-value is preferably used on 5 to 40 per cent solutions 1 to 70 per cent solutions may also be used and the temperature should generally lie between 100 DEG and 140 DEG C. Aqueous solvents in which the process may be carried out include methanol, propanol, butanol, glycol, propane-diol, glycerine, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, dimethyl formamide, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofurane or dioxane and it need not be completely miscible with water. Unsaturated carboxylic acid amides which can be used include acrylamide, methacrylamide, alpha and beta substituted alkyl halo acrylamides such as ethyl acrylamide, crotonamide, alpha-chloracrylamide, acrylamides with substituents on the nitrogen atoms such as N-methylacrylamide and N-ethylacrylamide, unsaturated dicarboxylic acid diamides such as fumaric acid diamide. Monomers which may be used for polymerization with amides comprise vinyl lactams such as N-vinyl pyrrolidone and N-vinyl caprolactam, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, vinyl ethers, vinyl methyl ether and vinyl propyl ether, maleic acid, fumaric acid and their salts, e.g. as described in Specification 757,770, nitriles such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, vinyl ethers, vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate and propionate, acrylic acid esters such as acrylic acid methyl and ethyl esters, carboxylic acid amides which are substituted on nitrogen such as N,N-diethylacrylamide, acrylic urea and vinyl halides. Particularly mentioned are polymers of methacrylamide with N-vinyl pyrrolidone, methacrylamide with vinyl chloride, methacrylamide with acrylamide, methacrylamide with acrylamide and maleic acid, methacrylamide with N-vinyl pyrrolidone and fumaric acid diamide, acrylamide with methacrylamide and N-vinyl pyrrolidone, methacrylamide with N-diethyl acrylamide and N-vinyl pyrrolidone. The dispersing agent may be used for dicarboxylic acid condensation products with polyhydric alcohols, phenol resins, modified resins, cumarone resins, polyamides, polyurethanes, urea-formaldehyde resins and polyesters as well as melamine-formaldehyde condensates. The dispersing media include methanol, propanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, glycol, propanediol, butane-diol, glycerine, butane-triol, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons with nitrogen and halo derivatives, dimethyl formamide, nitriles ethers and cyclic ethers. They are suitable for foaming glues on the basis of urea-formaldehyde condensates. A list of polymerization reactions which are aided by the new dispersing agents is also given, e.g. the copolymerization in an aqueous medium of acrylonitrile and butylacrylate. 495 parts of 85 per cent colloidal sulphur with a particle size of about 5 microns, 175 parts of a 20 per cent solution of a copolymer derived from 70 per cent of methacrylamide and 30 per cent of N-vinyl pyrrolidone which has been heated for 40 hours at 95 DEG C. and 30 parts of water are stirred violently for half an hour at room temperature or kneaded for 2 hours. A thick pasty dispersion is obtained which is suitable for the vulcanization of rubber.

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