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    Improvements in the catalytic pressure refining of liquid hydrocarbon fractions
    3.
    发明专利
    Improvements in the catalytic pressure refining of liquid hydrocarbon fractions 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB901332A

    公开(公告)日：1962-07-18

    申请号：GB2624060

    申请日：1960-07-28

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： HIEMENZ WILHELM ,  LORENZ ERNST

    IPC: C07C7/163 ,  C10G65/04

    Abstract: Petroleum hydrocarbons or liquid hydrocarbon fractions obtained from solid or liquid fuels by coking, low temperature carbonization, or gasification, are freed from sulphur-, oxygen- or nitrogencontaining impurities by a catalytic two-stage treatment in which a gas containing less than 60% by volume of hydrogen, e.g. coke oven gas, municipal gas, water gas, or refinery waste gas, is used in the first stage, and a gas containing at least 90% by volume, preferably 95% by volume or more, of hydrogen is used in the second stage. The catalyst is suitably one or more oxides, sulphides, phosphates or halides of metals of Group V-VIII of the Periodic Table, preferably of Group V and VI, as well as iron, cobalt and nickel; these may be applied to such carriers as alumina, silicic acid, silicates, titanium, zirconium, cerium or zinc oxides, or magnesia, which may have been pretreated with steam, hydrogen halides, or boron compounds. If required, the catalysts may be different for the two stages. As shown, the raw material 1 is compressed to the reaction pressure, which is generally below 100 atmospheres and most preferably 10-50 atmospheres, wholly or partly vaporized alone or together with hydrogencontaining gas 2, heated to the reaction temperature, which is generally 300-425 DEG C., and passed over the catalyst of the first stage 3. The product passes to stripper 4 and the hydrogen-containing gas is recirculated by line 2. Before passing to the catalyst of the second stage 7, the product is decompressed in vessel 5, and then again compressed, heated, and mixed with hydrogen 6. The refined product is stripped in 8 and the gas recirculated to 6. In both stages, hydrogen is added at 9 and the pressure is controlled by decompression at 10 by means of pump 11. The gas in the first stage is suitably used in amounts of 500-200 c. metres/metric ton raw material and in the second stage in amounts of 300-1500 c. metres/metric ton. Especially suitable starting materials are crude benzenes, highly unsaturated light oils obtained by cracking oils and tars above 500 DEG C. and the aromatic-rich light oils obtained in the coking and gasification of solid fuels.

    Improvements in catalytic pressure refining processes
    5.
    发明专利
    Improvements in catalytic pressure refining processes 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB936355A

    公开(公告)日：1963-09-11

    申请号：GB1125061

    申请日：1961-03-28

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： LORENZ ERNST ,  HIEMENZ WILHELM

    IPC: C10G45/22 ,  C10G65/06

    Abstract: In a process for the catalytic pressure refining of light oils obtained by gasification, coking, low-temperature carbonization or cracking of liquid or solid fuels with hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases, the raw materials which contain compounds capable of polymerization and/or condensation are heated up and introduced into a hot stream of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gases in the form of such a fine mist that an immediate vaporization of the raw materials occurs, the heating-up and vaporization being carried out so rapidly that the speed of the heating-up and vaporization process exceeds the polymerization and/or condensation speed in the liquid phase, and the resultant mixture is heated up to reaction temperature and subjected to catalytic hydrogenative refining, for example over a cobalt-molybdenum-alumina catalyst. The raw material may be sprayed into a preheated gas stream by means of an injection nozzle or atomizer, which is desirably cooled, and may be provided with a filter. A prerefining catalyst may be interposed before or in the heating-up zone.

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