Abstract:
The invention relates to fluorescent solar conversion cells based on one or more panels consisting of a polymer that is doped with a fluorescent dye and/or glass panels that are coated with a doped polymer and photovoltaic cells that are mounted on the edges of the panels. Said photovoltaic cells, contain one or more fluorescent dyes based on terylene carboxylic acid derivatives or a combination of said fluorescent dyes and additional fluorescent dyes.
Abstract:
The disclosure is a probelike apparatus (16) for spectroscopic analysis of a fluid medium (19) by attenuated reflection. Two light beams from a light source (11) impinge upon the boundary (18) between a prism (17) and the medium (19) to be analyzed and the intensities of the light beams reflected at the boundary are measured in a detector unit (22). The two light beams differ in their angle of incidence on the boundary and/or in their polarization state. Measurement is preferably carried out under total reflection.
Abstract:
Mixture comprising ferrocenyl-substituted copper phthalocyanines (I) is new. Mixture comprising ferrocenyl-substituted copper phthalocyanines of formula (I) are new. CuPc(X)x(Y)y(Z)z (I) CuPc : copper phthalocyanine; x : 1-4; y : 1-8; z : 0-14; x+y+z = 16; X : -A-Fc; Fc : ferrocenyl; A : a divalent group with 1-20 atoms between its terminal bonds; Y : OR1> or SR1>; R1>H or 7-24C alkyl; or 5-8C cycloalkyl or 6-10C aryl optionally substituted with 1-12C alkyl; Z : H or halo. Independent claims are also included for: (1) a process for preparing a mixture as above; (2) phthalonitrile derivatives (II) substituted with one Y group and 3 Z groups or with two Y groups and two Z groups; (3) two processes for preparing (II); (4) phthalonitrile derivatives (III) substituted with OR1> in the 3 position and with bromine in the 4, 5 or 6 position; (5) a process for preparing (III); (6) alcohol derivatives of formula (IV); (7) two processes for preparing (IV); (8) phthalonitrile derivatives (V) substituted with one X group and 3 Z groups or with two X groups and two Z groups; (9) two processes for preparing (V); (10) solutions comprising 0.1-5 wt.% (I) in organic solvents. R1>'OR2> (IV) R1>' : CHQ1>Q2>; Q1>CH(CH2A1>)CH2A2>; Q2>CH(CH2A3>)CH2A4>; A1>-A4>H or 1-12C alkyl; R2>H, methanesulfonyl, trifluoromethanesulfonyl or p-toluenesulfonyl.
Abstract:
A device for spectroscopic analysis of liquids by means of attenuated reflected light (ATR) has a fiber optics and prism arrangement (14, 33) to illuminate interface (18) and means (22) to measure the intensity of light beam reflected at interface. The device also has a second such optical system using a beam which is incident on the interface at a different angle, and/or is polarized.
Abstract:
Method of continuously determining multiaxial orientation states of stretched films or panels by means of their main birefringence values, in which a) three laser beam paths, produced by three lasers or by dividing one laser beam, are used, one of which passes through the film perpendicularly and the two others pass through it at an angle such that the planes of inclination are perpendicular to the plane of the film and contain the two main orientation directions, b) the phase differences of the laser-beam intensities are continuously measured after passing through the film, a 1/4 plate and a rotating analyzer, and c) the three main birefringence values of the film are continuously determined from the three phase differences allowing for the two angles of inclination of the inclined laser beams and the thickness of the film determined by another method.
Abstract:
A fluorescence conversion solar cell based on one or more panels composed of polymer doped with at least one fluorescent dye and/or glass panels coated with the doped polymer and photovoltaic cells mounted on the edges of the panels, which comprise one or more fluorescent dyes based on terrylenecarboxylic acid derivatives or a combination of these fluorescent dyes with further fluorescent dyes.