Abstract:
Beschrieben wird ein Verfahren zur Abtrennung von Sauergasenaus einem wasserhaltigen Fluidstrom, wobei man a) den wasserhaltigen Fluidstrom in einer Absorptionszone mit einem Absorptionsmittel, das mindestens ein Amin enthält, in Kontakt bringt, wobei man einen entsäuerten Fluidstrom und ein mit Sauergasen beladenes Absorptionsmittel erhält, b) den entsäuerten Fluidstrom in einer Waschzone mit einer wässrigen Waschflüssigkeit in Kontakt bringt, um mitgeführtes Amin zumindest teilweise in die Waschflüssigkeit zu überführen, wobei man einen entaminierten, entsäuerten Fluidstrom und eine aminbeladene Waschflüssigkeit erhält, c)den entaminierten, entsäuerten Fluidstrom stromabwärts zur Waschzone kühlt, wobei man aus dem entaminierten, entsäuerten Fluidstrom ein Absorberkopfkondensat auskondensiert, d) das beladene Absorptionsmittel in eine Desorptionszone leitet, in der die Sauergase zumindest teilweise freigesetzt werden, wobei man ein regeneriertes Absorptionsmittel und desorbierte Sauergase erhält, e) das regenerierte Absorptionsmittelin die Absorptionszone zurückführt, um einen Absorptionsmittelkreislauf zu bilden, f) die aminbeladene Waschflüssigkeit und das Absorberkopfkondensat in den Absorptionsmittelkreislauf einführt, und g) die desorbierten Sauergase durch eine Verstärkungszone führt und die am Kopf der Verstärkungszone austretenden Sauergase kühlt, um aus den Sauergasen ein Desorberkopfkondensat auszukondensieren, das teilweise in die Verstärkungszone zurückgeführt und teilweise aus dem Verfahren ausgeleitet wird. Das Verfahren erlaubt eine effiziente Rückhaltung von Aminen aus den behandelten Fluidströmen unter Wahrung der Wasserbilanz der Sauergasentfernungsanlage.
Abstract:
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Salzen von Acrylamido-2-methyl-propansulfonsäure (A) umfassend die Schritte: a) Herstellen einer Lösung eines verunreinigten Salzes der Acrylamido-2-methyl-propansulfonsäure (A) in einem Wasser-freien, organischen Lösungsmittel (L) unter Einsatz mindestens einer basischen Komponente (B) ausgewählt aus der Gruppe Alkalimetalloxide, Erdalkalimetalloxide, Alkalimetallhydroxide, Erdalkalimetallhydroxide und Amine der allgemeinen Formel (I) NR a R b R c , wobei die Reste R a , R b und R c unabhängig voneinander bedeuten: Wasserstoff, C 1 -C 4 -Alkyl, Hydroxy-C 1 -C 4 -alkyl oder C 1 -C 4 -Alkoxy, wobei das Molverhältnis von Verbindung (A) zur basischen Komponente (B) vorzugsweise bei 1:1 bis 1:3 liegt, b) gegebenenfalls teilweises Entfernen des organischen Lösungsmittels (L) bei einem Druck im Bereich von 0,001 bis 2 bar (abs), c) Rückgewinnung des gelösten Salzes der Verbindung (A) durch Kristallisation oder durch Fällung, durch Veränderung der Temperatur und/oder des Drucks und/oder der Konzentration des Salzes in der Lösung, d) gegebenenfalls Trocknung des gereinigten Salzes der Acrylamido-2-methyl- propansulfonsäure (A), führt zu Nebenprodukt-armen Salzen, die zur Polymerisation besonders geeignet sind.
Abstract:
A process for removing sulphur oxides from a fluid stream,such as flue gas, that comprises a) providing a non-aqueous absorption liquid containing at least one hydrophobic amine, the non-aqueous absorption liquid being incompletely miscible with water; b) treating the fluid stream in an absorption zone with the non-aqueous absorption liquid to transfer at least part of the sulphur oxides into the non-aqueous absorption liquid and to form a sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex; c)causing the non-aqueous absorption liquid to be in liquid-liquid contact with an aqueous liquid where by at least part of the sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex is hydrolyzed to release the hydrophobic amine and sulphurous hydrolysis products, and at least part of the sulphurous hydrolysis products is transferred into the aqueous liquid; d)separating the aqueous liquid from the non-aqueous absorption liquid. The process mitigates absorbent degradation problems caused by sulphur dioxide and oxygen in flue gas.
Abstract:
A method for separating acid gases from an aqueous flow of fluid is described, according to which method a) the aqueous flow of fluid is brought into contact in an absorption area with an absorbent which contains at least one amine, wherein a deacidified flow of fluid and an absorbent charged with acid gases are obtained; b) the deacidified flow of fluid is brought into contact in a washing area with an aqueous washing fluid in order to transfer, at least partially, carried amine into the washing fluid, wherein a deaminated, deacidified flow of fluid and an amine-charged washing fluid are obtained; c) the deaminated, deacidified flow of fluid is cooled downstream of the washing area, wherein an absorber top condensate is condensed out of the deaminated, deacidified flow of fluid; d) the charged absorbent is guided into a desorption area in which the acid gases are at least partially released, wherein a regenerated absorbent and desorbed acid gases are obtained; e) the regenerated absorbents are guided back into the absorption area in order to form an absorbent cycle; f) the amine-charged washing fluid and the absorber top condensate are introduced into the absorbent cycle; and g) the desorbed acid gases are guided through a reinforcement area and the acid gases coming out of the top of the reinforcement area are cooled, in order to condense a desorber top condensate out of the acid gases, which desorber top condensate is partially guided back into the reinforcement area and is partially guided out of the method. The method allows an efficient retention of amines from the treated flows of fluid while maintaining the water balance of the acid gas removal installation.
Abstract:
A process for removing sulphur oxides from a fluid stream,such as flue gas, that comprises a) providing a non-aqueous absorption liquid containing at least one hydrophobic amine, the non-aqueous absorption liquid being incompletely miscible with water; b) treating the fluid stream in an absorption zone with the non-aqueous absorption liquid to transfer at least part of the sulphur oxides into the non-aqueous absorption liquid and to form a sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex; c)causing the non-aqueous absorption liquid to be in liquid-liquid contact with an aqueous liquid where by at least part of the sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex is hydrolyzed to release the hydrophobic amine and sulphurous hydrolysis products, and at least part of the sulphurous hydrolysis products is transferred into the aqueous liquid; d)separating the aqueous liquid from the non-aqueous absorption liquid. The process mitigates absorbent degradation problems caused by sulphur dioxide and oxygen in flue gas.
Abstract:
A process for removing sulphur oxides from a fluid stream,such as flue gas, that comprises a) providing a non-aqueous absorption liquid containing at least one hydrophobic amine, the non-aqueous absorption liquid being incompletely miscible with water; b) treating the fluid stream in an absorption zone with the non-aqueous absorption liquid to transfer at least part of the sulphur oxides into the non-aqueous absorption liquid and to form a sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex; c)causing the non-aqueous absorption liquid to be in liquid-liquid contact with an aqueous liquid where by at least part of the sulphur oxide-hydrophobic amine-complex is hydrolyzed to release the hydrophobic amine and sulphurous hydrolysis products, and at least part of the sulphurous hydrolysis products is transferred into the aqueous liquid; d)separating the aqueous liquid from the non-aqueous absorption liquid. The process mitigates absorbent degradation problems caused by sulphur dioxide and oxygen in flue gas.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing salts of acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (A), comprising the following steps: a) producing a solution of a contaminated salt of acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (A) in a water-free, organic solvent (L) using at least one basic component (B) selected from the group comprising alkali metal oxides, alkaline-earth metal oxides, alkali hydroxides, alkaline-earth metal hydroxides, and amines of general formula (I) NR a R b R c (I), wherein the groups R a , R b , and R c mean the following independently of each other: hydrogen, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, hydroxy C 1 -C 4 alkyl, or C 1 -C 4 alkoxy, wherein the molar ratio of compound (A) to basic component (B) is preferably 1:1 to 1:3; b) optionally partially removing the organic solvent (L) at a pressure in the range of 0.001 to 2 bar (abs); c) recovering the dissolved salt of compound (A) by crystallization or precipitation, by changing the temperature and/or the pressure and/or the concentration of the salt in the solution; d) optionally drying the purified salt of acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (A). Said method according to the invention leads to salts that are poor in byproduct and especially suitable for polymerization.