Abstract:
The invention relates to a crossflow tray for a mass transfer column (27) in which a gas is conducted in countercurrent to a liquid, the crossflow tray (1) having passage orifices (3) for the gas and at least two downcomers (5), the downcomers (5) projecting beyond the top surface of the crossflow tray (1) and a collecting cup (13) being disposed beneath each downcomer (5). The downcomer (5) projects into the collecting cup (13), the minimum horizontal cross-sectional area of the collecting cup (13) is 1.2 to 4 times greater than the horizontal cross-sectional area of the downcomer (5) at the outlet, and the collecting cup (13) has a circumferential wall (15) having an overflow (19).The invention further relates to a mass transfer column comprising the crossflow trays and to a use of the mass transfer column.
Abstract:
A process for continuously preparing a butyl acrylate H2C═CH—C(═O)OR, with R=n-butyl or isobutyl, wherein aqueous 3-hydroxypropionic acid is converted under dehydrating and esterifying conditions in the presence of the corresponding butanol R—OH in a reactor with a rectification column and butyl acrylate formed, unconverted butanol and water used and formed are distilled off overhead as a ternary azeotrope, after separation into a liquid aqueous phase and liquid organic phase each of the aqueous and organic phases is at least partly discharged, and the organic phase comprising the butyl acrylate and the butanol is subjected to distillative separation.
Abstract:
A process for obtaining acrylic acid, comprising (a) providing a liquid stream S7 comprising acetic acid and acrylic acid, where the molar ratio of acetic acid to acrylic acid in stream S7 is greater than 1:1, (b-1) crystallizing a portion of the acetic acid present in stream S7 to obtain solid crystallized acetic acid in its mother liquor, (b-2) separating the mother liquor from the acetic acid crystallized in (b-1) to obtain the solid crystallized acetic acid and a liquid stream S8 comprising acrylic acid and acetic acid, (c) separating stream S8 into at least one stream S10 depleted of acrylic acid compared to S8 and a stream S11 enriched in acrylic acid compared to S8.