Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composition and a method of preparing the composition, and an electrode including the composition and a fuel cell including the electrode. SOLUTION: The composition is a dispersion composition in which a polyoxazine-based compound is uniformly dispersed in one or more dispersion mediums selected from the group consisting of an alcohol, water, an acid, and a hydrocarbon based solvent, and the particle size is 0.5-10 μm. The method of preparing the composition includes: a process in which an oxazine based monomer is mixed with an acid to prepare an acid solution of the oxazine-based monomer; a process which heat-treats the acid solution of the oxazine-based monomer to obtain a polymerization product; a process which separates the polyoxazine-based compound from the polymerization product; and a process which makes the polyoxazine-based compound disperse in the dispersion mediums. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for producing a polyazole that has an inherent viscosity of more than 2.9 dL/g, measured in at least 96 percent by weight of sulfuric acid at 25°C. Said method comprises the steps of i) mixing one or more aromatic tetra-amino compounds with one or more aromatic carboxylic acids or the esters thereof, which contain at least two acid groups per carboxylic acid monomer, or mixing one or more aromatic and/or heteroaromatic diamino carboxylic acids, in polyphosphoric acid in order to obtain a solution and/or dispersion, ii) heating the mixture from step i) in inert gas to temperatures ranging from 120 to 350°C in order to obtain the polyazole. The mixture heated in step ii) has a polyphosphoric acid concentration, calculated as P2O5 (acidimetrically), of more than 78.22 percent relative to the total amount of H3PO4, polyphosphoric acid, and water in the mixture. Furthermore, the amounts of the components are selected in such a way in step i) that in step ii), the weight ratio of the tetra-amino compounds and the aromatic carboxylic acids or the esters thereof, which contain at least two acid groups per carboxylic acid monomer, or the diamino carboxylic acids of the mixture is less than 11.0 percent by weight relative to the total weight of the mixture. The reaction mixture is heated to a temperature exceeding 220°C in step ii).
Abstract translation:一种用于制备具有固有粘度的聚唑,在25℃下在至少96%浓度的硫酸中测定,大于2.9分升/克,其包括以下步骤:i)将一种或多种芳族四氨基化合物与一种或多种处理 它们含有每羧酸单体的至少两个酸基团,或将一种或多种芳族和/或杂芳族二氨基羧酸,在聚磷酸芳族羧酸或酯,以形成溶液和/或分散体ii)所述混合物从步骤加热ⅰ) 在温度范围从120℃至350℃,形成所述聚唑的惰性气体,其中一个 - 在步骤ii)含有多磷酸的浓度,如P 2 O 5(按酸量滴定法计算),基于H 3 PO 4的总量的混合物,聚加热 而在混合物中的水是较大的包括78.22%, - 在步骤i),例如瓦特的组分的量 HLT按重量计四氨基化合物和含有每个羧酸单体的至少两个酸基团,或二氨基在步骤ii混合物中的芳族羧酸或其酯)的比例,基于该混合物的总重量,小于11, 0重量%,是 - 在步骤ii)中的反应混合物加热至大于220℃
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst for electro-chemical applications comprising an alloy of platinum and a transition metal, wherein the transition metal has an absorption edge similar to the absorption edge of the transition metal in oxidic state, measured with x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) wherein the measurements are performed in concentrated H3PO4 electrolyte. The invention further relates to a process for an oxygen reduction reaction using the catalyst as electrocatalyst.
Abstract translation:本发明涉及一种用于电化学应用的催化剂,其包括铂和过渡金属的合金,其中过渡金属具有类似于氧化态的过渡金属的吸收边缘的吸收边缘,其用x射线吸收近 - 边缘光谱(XANES),其中测量在浓H 3 PO 4电解质中进行。 本发明还涉及使用该催化剂作为电催化剂的氧还原反应方法。
Abstract:
A composition containing a uniformly dispersed polyoxazine-based compound, a method of preparing the composition, an electrode including the composition, and a fuel cell including the electrode.
Abstract:
The invention relates to 5-isopropyl-3-aminomethyl-2-methyl-1-amino-cyclohexane (carvone diamine) and a method for the production thereof by a) reacting carvone with hydrogen cyanide, b) then reacting the carvone nitrile obtained in step a) with ammonia in the presence of an imine-forming catalyst, and c) subsequently reacting the reaction mixture that is obtained in step b) and contains carvone nitrilimine with hydrogen and ammonia on hydrogenation catalysts. The invention further relates to the use of carvone diamine as a curing agent for epoxy resins, as an intermediate product when producing diisocyanates, as an initiator entity when producing polyetherols, and/or as a monomer for producing polyamides.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst ink which contains at least one catalytically active material and at least one ionic liquid, to a method for producing said catalyst ink, to a method for producing a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) containing at least one membrane and at least one electrode, by applying said catalyst ink to a membrane or by applying said catalyst ink to the optional gas diffusion layer, to the use of said catalyst ink in the production of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA), of a catalyst-coated membrane (CCM) or a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) and to the use of an ionic liquid for producing a catalyst ink.