公开(公告)号：WO1997044291A1

公开(公告)日：1997-11-27

申请号：PCT/US1997008069

申请日：1997-05-09

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  BASKARAN, Suresh ,  GRAFF, Gordon, L.

IPC: C04B35/622

CPC classification number: C04B35/636 ,  B22F1/0059 ,  B22F3/008 ,  B22F3/22 ,  B29C64/165 ,  B29C67/04 ,  B29K2709/02 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y40/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  C04B35/622

Abstract: The present invention is a novel method for freeform fabrication. Specifically, the method of solid freeform fabrication has the steps of: (a) preparing a slurry by mixing powder particles with a suspension medium and a gelling polysaccharide; (b) making a layer by depositing an amount of said powder slurry in a confined region; (c) hardening a selected portion of the layer by applying a gelling agent to the selected portion; and (d) repeating steps (b) and (c) to make successive layers and forming a layered object. In many applications, it is desirable to remove unhardened material followed by heating to remove gellable polysaccharide then sintering.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种用于自由形状制作的新方法。 具体地说，固体自由形成方法具有以下步骤：（a）通过将粉末颗粒与悬浮介质和胶凝多糖混合来制备浆料; （b）通过在限定区域中沉积一定数量的所述粉末浆料来制备层; （c）通过将胶凝剂施加到所选择的部分来硬化所述层的选定部分; 和（d）重复步骤（b）和（c）以制备连续层并形成分层物体。 在许多应用中，期望除去未硬化的材料，然后加热以除去可凝胶的多糖然后烧结。

公开(公告)号：WO1997038943A2

公开(公告)日：1997-10-23

申请号：PCT/US1997006727

申请日：1997-04-18

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  SURMA, Jeffrey, E. ,  BRYAN, Garry, H. ,  GEETING, John, G., H. ,  BUTNER, R., Scott

IPC: C02F01/46

CPC classification number: A62D3/11 ,  A62D2101/02 ,  A62D2101/06 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01D53/72 ,  C02F1/36 ,  C02F1/46104 ,  C02F1/4672 ,  C02F1/72 ,  C02F2101/003 ,  C02F2101/30 ,  C02F2101/32 ,  C02F2201/46115 ,  C02F2201/4612 ,  C02F2201/46155 ,  C02F2201/46185 ,  C02F2305/026

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus using high cerium concentration in the anolyte of an electrochemical cell to oxidize organic materials. The method and apparatus further use an ultrasonic mixer to enhance the oxidation rate of the organic material in the electrochemical cell.

Abstract translation: 本发明是在电化学电池的阳极电解液中使用高铈浓度以氧化有机材料的方法和装置。 该方法和装置还使用超声波混合器来增强电化学电池中的有机材料的氧化速率。

公开(公告)号：WO1997025737A1

公开(公告)日：1997-07-17

申请号：PCT/US1997000023

申请日：1997-01-03

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  EIDEN, Gregory, C. ,  BARINAGA, Charles, J. ,  KOPPENAAL, David, W.

IPC: H01J49/10

CPC classification number: H01J49/145

Abstract: A method for producing an ion beam having an increased proportion of analyte ions compared to carrier gas ions is disclosed. Specifically, the method has the step of addition of a charge transfer gas to the carrier analyte combination that accepts charge from the carrier gas ions yet minimally accepts charge from the analyte ions thereby selectively neutralizing the carrier gas ions. Also disclosed is the method as employed in various analytical instruments including an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种与载气离子相比具有增加的分析物离子比例的离子束的制造方法。 具体地，该方法具有向载体分析物组合物添加电荷转移气体的步骤，该载体分析物组合从载气离子接受电荷，但最低限度地从分析离子接收电荷，从而选择性地中和载气离子。 还公开了包括电感耦合等离子体质谱仪在内的各种分析仪器中使用的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO1997013141A1

公开(公告)日：1997-04-10

申请号：PCT/US1996015961

申请日：1996-10-04

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  WOSKOV, Paul, P. ,  COHN, Daniel, R. ,  TITUS, Charles, H. ,  SURMA, Jeffrey, E.

IPC: G01N21/73

CPC classification number: G01N21/73

Abstract: Microwave-induced plasma for continuous, real time trace element monitoring under harsh and variable conditions. The sensor includes a source of high power microwave energy and a shorted waveguide made of a microwave conductive, high temperature capability refractory material communicating with the source of the microwave energy to generate a plasma. The high power waveguide is constructed to be robust in a hot, hostile environment. It includes an aperture for the passage of gases to be analyzed and a spectrometer is connected to receive light from the plasma. Provision is made for real time in situ calibration. The spectrometer disperses the light, which is then analyzed by a computer. The sensor is capable of making continuous, real time quantitative measurements of desired elements, such as the heavy metals lead and mercury. The invention may be incorporated into a high temperature process device and implemented in situ for example, such as with a DC graphite electrode plasma arc furnace. The invention further provides a system for the elemental analysis of process streams by removing particulate and/or droplet samples therefrom and entraining such samples in the gas flow which passes through the plasma flame. Introduction of and entraining samples in the gas flow may be facilitated by a suction pump, regulating gas flow, gravity or combinations thereof.

Abstract translation: 微波诱导等离子体在恶劣条件下进行连续，实时的微量元素监测。 该传感器包括高功率微波能量源和由与微波能量源连通以产生等离子体的微波导电高温能耐火材料制成的短路波导。 高功率波导被构造为在热的，恶劣的环境中是坚固的。 它包括用于待分析气体通过的孔，并且连接光谱仪以接收来自等离子体的光。 经费用于实时在线校准。 光谱仪分散光，然后用计算机分析。 传感器能够对所需元素进行连续的实时定量测量，如重金属铅和汞。 本发明可以结合到高温工艺装置中并且例如用DC石墨电极等离子体电弧炉就地实现。 本发明还提供了一种用于通过从其中除去颗粒和/或液滴样品并将这些样品夹带在通过等离子体火焰的气流中进行元素分析工艺流的系统。 气流中的引入和夹带样品可以通过抽吸泵，调节气流，重力或其组合来促进。

公开(公告)号：WO1996004209A1

公开(公告)日：1996-02-15

申请号：PCT/US1995009211

申请日：1995-07-21

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  CHAPMAN, Christopher, C.

IPC: C03B05/00

CPC classification number: B09B3/0066 ,  B09B3/005 ,  B09C1/067 ,  C03B5/005 ,  C03B5/027 ,  C03B5/0272 ,  C03B5/08 ,  F23G5/085 ,  F23G5/34 ,  Y02P40/52

Abstract: An apparatus and method of operating the apparatus, wherein a waste feed material is vitrified for subsequent use or disposal, particularly for disposal of hazardous or noxious waste material which can be difficult or expensive to dispose of. The apparatus copmrises a melt zone constructed in an apparatus above ground (200, 217, 214, 216) and the melt zone lined with a backfill material (226) if refractory properties are needed. The feed material is fed (218) into the melt zone through a cover (216) and, if necessary combusted to an ash, whereupon the heat of combustion is used to melt the ash to a molten condition. Electrodes (220) may be used to maintain the molten feed material in a molten condition, and to maintain homogeneity of the molten materials. The molten material is withdrawn, e.g. via a weir (222) cooled or quenched and then disposed of or further processed (224).

Abstract translation: 一种操作该装置的装置和方法，其中废物进料被玻璃化以便随后的使用或处置，特别是用于处理可能难以处理或昂贵处置的危险或有害废料。 如果需要耐火性能，该设备将在建筑物上方（200,217,214,216）构造的熔体区域和衬里有回填材料（226）的熔体区域共同构成。 进料通过盖（216）进料（218）进入熔体区域，如果需要燃烧到灰分，由此使用燃烧热将灰分熔化成熔融状态。 电极（220）可用于将熔融进料保持在熔融状态，并保持熔融材料的均匀性。 将熔融的材料取出，例如， 通过冷却或淬火的堰（222），然后处理或进一步加工（224）。

公开(公告)号：WO1995032509A3

公开(公告)日：1995-11-30

申请号：PCT/US1995006521

申请日：1995-05-18

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  TSIKLAURI, George, V. ,  DURST, Bruce, M.

IPC: G21D05/16

公开(公告)号：WO1995025821A1

公开(公告)日：1995-09-28

申请号：PCT/US1995003532

申请日：1995-03-21

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  DULANEY, Jeff, L. ,  CLAUER, Allan, H. ,  TOLLER, Steven, M.

IPC: C21D10/00

CPC classification number: C21D10/005 ,  C21D7/06 ,  C22F3/00

Abstract: Laser shock peening/processing (LSP) has been used to strengthen fatigue-critical areas in metal parts. Notwithstanding the advantages, one negative effect of LSP occurs at the boundary of the LSP-treated area. In LSP, the laser pulse induces a compressive stress in the material in the area on the surface (and to some extent in the subsurface) of the laser spot. Because the net residual stress in the material must be zero, compensating tensile residual stresses can be created in a boundary region surrounding the laser spot. This region of tensile stress at the surface of the part may be the site of further failure in the specimen if it is not reduced to an acceptable level. The tensile stresses may be reduced by further laser shocking the specinem surface in the boundary region with lower-energy pulses. Since lower energy fluence generally gives lower compensating tensile stress, this secondary LSP essentially reduces or eleminates the tensile compensating region caused by the primary laser shocking and replaces it with a lower compensating tensile region associated with the secondary shocked region further out from the fatigue-critical area.

Abstract translation: 激光冲击硬化/加工（LSP）已被用于加强金属部件的疲劳临界区域。 尽管有优势，LSP的一个负面影响发生在LSP处理区域的边界。 在LSP中，激光脉冲在激光光斑的表面（并在一定程度上在一定程度上）的材料中引起压缩应力。 因为材料中的净残余应力必须为零，所以可以在围绕激光点的边界区域中产生补偿拉伸残余应力。 如果零件的表面处的拉伸应力的这个区域可能是试样中如果不降低到可接受的水平的进一步破坏的部位。 拉伸应力可以通过进一步激光以较低能量脉冲冲击边界区域中的分子表面而减小。 由于较低的能量注量通常给出较低的补偿拉伸应力，所以该辅助LSP基本上减少或升高了由初级激光器冲击引起的拉伸补偿区域，并用与次级冲击区域相关联的较低补偿拉伸区域进一步退出疲劳关键 区。

公开(公告)号：WO1995008601A1

公开(公告)日：1995-03-30

申请号：PCT/US1994010596

申请日：1994-09-20

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  SALEE, Gideon

IPC: C09K05/00

CPC classification number: A61F7/03 ,  A61F2007/0242 ,  A61F2007/0292 ,  C09K5/063 ,  F28D20/02 ,  F28D2020/0008 ,  H05B6/64 ,  Y02E60/145 ,  Y10S99/14

Abstract: A thermal storage mixture activated by exposure to microwave energy is provided. The thermal storage mixture comprises a liquid phase of a microwave active fluid; and a solid phase suspended within the microwave active fluid. The solid phase is preferably selected from material having a melting point at or below a temperature to which the liquid phase is heated, during use. The thermal storage mixture may be utilized in a container, to provide a thermal storage construction (heating construction) comprising a seat cushion having a thermal storage unit therein, to advantage, is described. Further, a process of storing thermal energy for release over an extended period of time is described.

Abstract translation: 提供了通过暴露于微波能量激活的储热混合物。 储热混合物包括微波活性流体的液相; 和悬浮在微波活性流体内的固相。 固相优选选自在使用期间熔点等于或低于液相被加热的温度的材料。 蓄热混合物可以用于容器中，以便有利地提供包括其中具有热存储单元的座垫的储热结构（加热结构）。 此外，描述了在长时间内存储用于释放的热能的过程。

公开(公告)号：WO1994015227A1

公开(公告)日：1994-07-07

申请号：PCT/US1992011248

申请日：1992-12-29

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  MILLER, Steven, D.

IPC: G01T01/11

CPC classification number: G01T1/115

Abstract: The method and apparatus of the present invention relate to cryogenically cooling (15) a thermoluminescent material (18), exposing it to a low level of radiation (less than about 1 R) while it is at the cooled temperature, warming the thermoluminescent material to "room temperature", and counting the photons emitted during heating. Sufficient sensitivity is achieved without exposing the thermoluminescent material to ultraviolet light thereby simplifying the measurements.

Abstract translation: 本发明的方法和装置涉及在低温冷却（15）热发光材料（18）时，将其暴露于低水平的辐射（小于约1 R），同时处于冷却的温度，将热发光材料加热至 “室温”，并计数加热时发射的光子。 在不将热发光材料暴露于紫外线的同时实现足够的灵敏度，从而简化了测量。

公开(公告)号：WO1993020430A1

公开(公告)日：1993-10-14

申请号：PCT/US1993003114

申请日：1993-04-02

Applicant: BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE

Inventor： BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE ,  RIDGWAY, Richard, W. ,  BOIARKSI, Anthony, A. ,  WOOD, Van, E. ,  BUSCH, James, R.

IPC: G01N21/45

CPC classification number: G01N21/7703 ,  G01J2009/023 ,  G01N21/45 ,  G01N21/648 ,  G01N33/54373 ,  G01N2021/1751 ,  G01N2201/0245 ,  G01N2201/0873 ,  G02B6/122 ,  G02B2006/12097 ,  G02B2006/12138 ,  G02B2006/12159

Abstract: An apparatus useful in immunoassay of a fluid, light is directed to an optical sensor wherein the light is transmitted to a replaceable optical device that is responsive to index of refraction in a sensing region thereof that is exposed to the fluid. One portion of the light is transmitted via a compensation path that includes the sensing region to a first detector. Another portion of the light is transmitted via a sensing path that includes the sensing region to another detector. In one embodiment a rationing device receives an output from each detector and provides a signal responsive to the ratio of the outputs. The replaceable optical device typically comprises a pair of channel waveguides in directional coupling arrangement, or a pair of channel waveguides in an interferometer arrangement, or a ridge waveguide having a curved or serpentine path configured so that nonspecific sensing effects are compensated.

Abstract translation: 一种用于对流体进行免疫测定的装置，光被引导到光学传感器，其中光被传送到可在其暴露于流体的感测区域中的折射率的可更换光学装置。 光的一部分经由包括感测区域的补偿路径传送到第一检测器。 光的另一部分经由包括感测区域的感测路径传输到另一个检测器。 在一个实施例中，配给装置从每个检测器接收输出，并响应于输出的比率提供信号。 可替换的光学器件通常包括一对定向耦合布置中的一个通道波导，或一个干涉仪布置中的一对通道波导，或者具有曲线或蛇形路径的脊波导，其配置为使得非特定的感测效果得到补偿。