Abstract:
A method and apparatus for screening particulate material such as wood chips including providing parallel extending bars (13, 14), with the surfaces (13a, 14a) of certain bars being planar at the top with sloping sides (13b, 13c; 14b, 14c), and in one arrangement, engaging the material moving from a receiving end (11) to a discharge end (12) against the direction of movement such as by passing teeth (37) through the material in the direction to act counter to the movement of material, increasing the retention time and orienting the material in a longitudinal direction.
Abstract:
An extended nip press apparatus (10) is disclosed for pressing water from a web of paper (W). The press includes a blanket (18) which defines an endless loop and a first and a second lateral edge (20, 22). Edge seals (24) cooperate with the edges (20, 22) for sealing the edges (20, 22) of the blanket (18) against egress of lubricant disposed between the shoe (14) and the blanket (18). The edge seals (24) include a head (26) rotatably secured to a frame (F) and an extension (28) which extends from the head (26). The extension (28) cooperates with the first edge (20) of the blanket (18) and defines a duck's bill configuration in a cross-machine sectional view such that the first edge (20) of the blanket (18) conforms to a surface (S) defined by the extension (28). The surface (S) has a first portion (30) which undulates radially away from the head (26) in an outward direction, and a second portion (34) which undulates radially inwardly towards the head (26) in an outward direction. A clamp (36) adjustably secures the first edge (20) of the blanket (18) to the extension (28) so that flow of lubricant from between the shoe (14) and the blanket (18) past the head (26) is inhibited.
Abstract:
A pulp preparation process in which pulp treatment is expanded to include in-digester treatments (Figures 7, 8, 9) previously performed outside of the digester (12) in discrete process equipment. Specifically, a manner for in-digester bleaching is disclosed, preferably using non-chlorine containing bleaching reagents.
Abstract:
A multi-ply paper web is formed by bringing a top ply liner into ply-bonding engagement with a base ply web (WB) traveling on a base ply forming wire (36). The top ply liner (WT) is formed between two co-running forming wires (10, 20) in a convex upwardly/concave downwardly curved, substantially horizontal forming zone. Dewatering in the forming zone is effected by applying sub-atmospheric air pressure solely beneath the lower surface of the top ply liner (WT) being formed. Water is removed from the upper surface of the top ply liner (WT) solely by wire tension, gravity and centrifugal force created by passing the co-running forming wires (10, 20) over the convex upwardly curved path of travel. This permits a greater concentration of pulp stock fines to remain in the upper surface of the top ply liner (WT) to effect greater ply-bonding affinity with the base ply (WB) when the two plies (WT, WB) are brought together and bonded.
Abstract:
A self-loading controlled deflection roll (10) for forming a pressure nip (N) with another roll (4) has at least one support shoe (22, 24) mounted in a stationary support shaft (12) for controlling the deflection of the roll shell (14) in the direction of the nip (N). At either end of the controlled deflection roll, a pair of opposed guide shoes (38, 40, 42, 44) are slidably mounted on the stationary support shaft (12) to apply pressure against the roll shell (14) to stabilize the position of the roll shell relative to the stationary shaft. At least one guide shoe (40) on either end of the roll is equipped with a compensating piston to permit its face surface (57) to move radially outwardly relative to the guide shoe support on the stationary shaft. The guide shoes slidably reciprocate in planes parallel to the plane (15) of the nip through the longitudinal axis (16) of the roll and provide opposed, equal stabilization forces at substantially right angles to the plane of the nip. The guide shoes also have axially extending pads (64, 64') for bearing against annular end surfaces on the roll shell to maintain the roll shell fixed in the longitudinal direction relative to the support shaft during operation.
Abstract:
A controlled deflection roll (10) has a unique liquid barrier and heat shield (72) which includes a chamber (82) filled with cooling fluid. In a preferred embodiment, the barrier comprises two chambers (82, 84) and a space (68) in fluid communication with both chambers (82, 84) for circulating cooling fluid between the chambers and into and out of the roll. The barrier (72) is interposed between the interior cavity (20) of the roll (10) containing the extremely hot hydraulic fluid which actuates the apparatus for controlling the deflection of the roll (10), and the bearings (54, 56) which rotatably align the roll shell (18) relative to the space (68). The barrier (72), thus, functions to thermally insulate the bearings (54, 56) from heat, whether by radiation or by direct contact with the hydraulic fluid.
Abstract:
A take-up device, in particular for doubling roll-type reel cutters, consists of two supporting arms or supporting frames (10) for supporting an empty roll (25), one clamping head (15) per supporting arm or supporting frame for holding each roll (25) centrally and rotatably, and at least one winding drive unit per take-up device (101; 102). The drive axis (45) of a drive motor (17) of the winding device unit is offset to the winding axis (46) of the roll (25). To improve the central drive for the winding shaft, the drive motor (17) is fastened to the supporting arm or supporting frame (10) with its drive axis (45) parallel to the take-up axis (46) of the roll (25) and has an output wheel (22); a belt (drive belt (23)), such as a flat, toothed, V-belt, cable or the like or a chain or the like as well as a drive wheel (13) connected in the drive direction to the clamping head (15) preferably on a single shaft (drive shaft (14)) are provided, and the belt or the chain (drive belt (23)) passes around the output wheel (22) (and the drive wheel (13)), so that the drive wheel (13) can be driven by the output wheel (22) in the direction of rotation; and the (drive-effective) diameter of the output wheel (22) is greater than at least a part of the active drive part (18) of the drive motor (17) and includes this drive part on at least part of its axial length.
Abstract:
Method and apparatus for applying a liquid film of controlled thickness to a paper web (51). The apparatus is in the form of a flexible blade coater having a flexible blade (60) fixed at one end (61) and bearing against a backing roll (50) (with interposed web) at a free end (62). The blade (60) has independent loading means, preferably pneumatic. An intermediate loading means (63) applies a first load intermediate the fixed and free ends (61, 62) which serves primarily and substantially independently to establish blade geometry or tip slope. A second loading means (65) positioned near the free end (62) of the blade (60) primarily and substantially independently establishes tip load for a given geometry established by the first loading means (63). The compound loading arrangement allows a wider range of finer control of coating film thickness.
Abstract:
A pressure sensitive device, such as a piezoelectric strip (16) or plurality of piezoelectric crystals (32), is or are arrayed along the surface of a roll, preferably in a spiral pattern, extending for one revolution of the roll (12) which is nipped with another roll (14). The nip pressure between the rolls, with or without a paper web passing through the nip, produces a signal by the piezoelectric device (16) indicative of irregularities along the nip (N). These irregularities, which can be indicative of variations in the web caliper, roll surface, hardness and other parameters of roll or web quality, are then passed to a monitor (38) for continuous read-out of the irregularities or non-uniformities along the face of the roll. Other apparatus, such as signal conditioning means (30) and encoder means (22), can be provided for processing the signals determining the exact axial location along the roll surface of the pressure sensitive device passing through the nip (N) at any given time.
Abstract:
The coating head substantially comprises an elastic blade (5) thrust against the paper sheet (2) which is transported by a rotating cylinder (1), and a chamber (15) fit for containing a coating suspension which is delimited by a portion of the outer surface of the cylinder and by the blade and which communicates with a feeding line (18) of the suspension; moreover, said chamber is delimited by a deflector plate (13), the position of which, in relation to the cylinder, can be adjusted so as to define an exhaust port (20) for the coating suspension between it and the surface of the cylinder; according to the invention, the deflector plate is provided with a blocking element (24) which can be elastically deformed and fit for limiting the passage of the coating suspension through said exhaust port, said element presenting a free edge (25) facing the cylinder which is parallel to the cylinder axis.