Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for continuously hydrogenating an unsaturated compound with integrated advantages including a high space-time yield, a high conversion ratio with improved methodological versatility, and small investment cost. SOLUTION: The method for continuously hydrogenating unsaturated compounds involves: (a) particles of a first hydrogenation catalyst are suspended in a liquid phase in which an unsaturated compound is dissolved, the liquid phase, in the presence of a hydrogenous gas at a first partial hydrogen pressure and at a first temperature, is conducted through a conductive pipe 4 to a packed bubble column reactor in cocurrent counter to the direction of gravity, (c) the effluent from the bubble column reactor is sent to a gas-liquid separation tank 8, (d) the liquid phase from step (c) is sent to a crossfiltration 12 to obtain a retentate 11 and a filtrate 13, (e) the retentate is recycled to step (b), and (f) the filtrate, in the presence of a hydrogenous gas at a second partial hydrogen pressure and at a second temperature, is passed over a bed 18 of a second hydrogenation catalyst. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for separating a certain substance from a mixture including the certain substance by distillation. SOLUTION: A structured packing material having one or more residence layers whose specific surface areas are equal to or higher than a flooding point in one or more residence layers 1, and one or more separation layers 2 whose specific surface areas are lower than the flooding point, is used in a distillation column as a packing material having an excellent separating effect in order to execute the method of separation by distillation for separating the certain substance from the mixture including the certain substance by adding a selective solvent and using extractive distillation. COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method wherein processings are integrated by separating mixtures into two fractions by distillation to thereby reduce costs of capital.SOLUTION: There is provided a method for separating one or more feed mixtures by distillation in a column having one, two, or three partition walls which continue in longitudinal direction of the column from one end to the other end of the column and partition the interior of the column into two, three, or four completely separate column subregions by using a liquid-phase flow from a first column subregion into a second column subregion, optionally a third column subregion, and optionally a fourth column subregion and in countercurrent to a flow of vapor, wherein the one or more feed mixtures are separated into two fractions in the column and the column has a single bottom vaporizer and a single condenser at the top of the column.
Abstract:
Distillation column has a dividing wall which divides it into inflow and extraction sections, and upper and lower column zones. The mixture for distillation comprises a vapor feed which enters between the upper and lower inflow sections, between which the side extraction point removes vapor. The inflow and the extraction zones are offset relative too the dividing wall. The vapor feed rate is equal in all zones of the column. The distillation column has a dividing wall (TW) which divides it into an inflow section (2,4), an extraction section (3,5), and common upper (1) and lower (6) column zones. The mixture for distillation is at least partially a vapor feed (F) which enters between the upper and lower inflow sections, and the side extraction point (B) removes vapor between the upper and lower extraction zones. The cross sectional surfaces of the inflow and the extraction zones are set by an offset in the dividing wall. The F-factor is equal in all the zones of the column, defined as the product of the gas flow speed in m/seconds multiplied with the square root of the gas density in kg/m3.
Abstract:
A solid bed catalyst containing either palladium and selenium and/or tellurium on a silica carrier, has a BET surface area of 80-380 m /g, a pore volume of 0.6-0.95 cm /g and a pore diameter of 3 nm to 300 mu m. The proportion of the pore volume with a pore diameter of 10-100 nm is 80-95%. Also claimed are: (i) the preparation of the above catalyst; and (ii) the preparation of 2-buten-1-ol compounds of formula H2R1C-R2C=CR3-CR4R5-OR6 (I) by isomerising 3-buten-1-ol compounds of formula HR1C=CR2-CHR3-CR4R5-OR6 (II) in the presence of hydrogen and the catalyst. In the formulae: R1-R6 = H or aliphatic group (optionally substituted with OH, OR, halogen or carboxyl), or R2 may also be -CHO, or R2 and R5 can combine with the C atoms between them to form an alicyclic ring, or R6 can also be a cycloaliphatic, arylaliphatic or aromatic group or a group of formula C(=O)-R7; R = aliphatic group; and R7 = aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, arylaliphatic or aromatic group.