Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a method for simply treating produced water extracted in large quantity while suppressing an increase in cost due to the use of a chemical agent and the associated generation of waste. The method is a method for treating produced water extracted in association with crude oil production or natural gas production and containing at least oil as a substance to be treated including: an oil separating step 1 optionally performed to remove free oil or the like from the produced water; a flocculation step 2 in which emulsified oil is flocculated by introducing micronanobubbles composed of an ozone-containing gas into the produced water so that a gas-liquid contact time of 2 to 60 minutes is preferably achieved; and a flotation step 3 in which the flocculated emulsified oil is separated as scum by flotation to obtain clarified water.
Abstract:
A carbon-based catalyst for flue gas desulfurization is brought into contact with a flue gas containing at least SO 2 gas, oxygen and water vapor so that the SO 2 gas can react with the oxygen and the water vapor to form sulfuric acid which is to be recovered. On a surface of the carbon-based catalyst, iodine, bromine or a compound thereof is added, ion exchanged or supported and a water-repellent treatment is applied. The carbon-based catalyst can also be used as a mercury adsorbent for flue gas treatment for adsorbing and removing metallic mercury from a flue gas containing metallic mercury, SO 2 gas, oxygen and water vapor.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are a treatment method and a treatment system which are capable of inexpensively, efficiently, and safely treating wastewater discharged from a gasification plant in large amounts and containing two or more persistent substances. The method for treating wastewater discharged by wet-cleaning of gas obtained by partial oxidation of fossil fuel includes: a free cyanide removal step 2 in which free cyanides contained in the wastewater are removed by acidifying and aerating the wastewater; a biological treatment step 3 in which the wastewater that has been treated in the free cyanide removal step 2 is biologically treated; and a decomposition treatment step 4 in which COD components contained in the wastewater that has been treated in the biological treatment step 3 are decomposed. The decomposition treatment step 4 is preferably performed by an advanced oxidation treatment means, and may include the step of crystallizing calcium sulfate by adding a calcium-based alkaline agent to the wastewater.
Abstract:
Se proporciona un método y un dispositivo que son para su uso en la desulfuración de un gas descargado desde un dispositivo para la producción de ácido sulfúrico de proceso de contacto y por el cual no sólo la desulfuración se puede realizar económicamente sin la necesidad de grandes gastos para la compra de productos químicos o para la eliminación de sales de ácido sulfúrico, sino también el ácido sulfúrico diluido resultante de la de desulfuración se puede utilizar efectivamente para aumentar el rendimiento de ácido sulfúrico concentrado. Este dispositivo de desulfuración es para desulfuración de un gas de descarga que contiene óxidos de azufre y que fue descargado de un dispositivo para la producción de ácido sulfúrico, que incluye una etapa de producción de ácido sulfúrico concentrado en la que gas trióxido de azufre obtenido mediante la oxidación gas dióxido de azufre se absorbe en una solución acuosa de ácido sulfúrico, mientras se le suministra agua a la misma para de ese modo producir ácido sulfúrico que tiene una concentración tan alta como 90% en peso o más, pero menos de 99% en peso, el dispositivo de desulfuración comprende: una torre de desulfuración en la que los óxidos de azufre se eliminan del gas de descarga y, simultáneamente con ello, ácido sulfúrico diluido se forma a partir de los óxidos de azufre; y un mezclador de ácido sulfúrico diluido que, en la etapa de producción de ácido sulfúrico concentrado, mezcla el ácido sulfúrico diluido con la solución de ácido sulfúrico acuoso.
Abstract:
Provided is a water treatment process by which oil can be efficiently removed from oil-containing water. This water treatment process is a process which is to be employed in treating oil-containing water and which comprises: a step for preparing an oil-adsorbing material that is made of a lipophilic resin such as pyridine resin and that has many pores on the surface and bears hydrophilic groups on the inner surfaces of the many pores; and a step for bringing oil-containing water into contact with the surface of the oil-adsorbing material. The step for preparing an oil-adsorbing material includes a step for converting some of the hydrophobic groups, which are present on the inner surfaces of the many pores and which are, for example, nitrogenous aromatic rings, into quaternized amine groups, sulfonic acid groups or other hydrophilic groups.
Abstract:
WITH RESPECT TO PURIFICATION OF BYPRODUCT WATER FOR PRODUCING WATER SUITABLE FOR VARIOUS USES, WHEREIN BYPRODUCT WATER IS GENERATED AS A BYPRODUCT OF A LIQUEFIED HYDROCARBON MIXTURE ACCORDING TO FT METHOD, EQUIPMENT COST AND OPERATION COST ARE DESIRED TO BE SAVED. BY CARRYING OUT DISTILLATION TREATMENT (1) OF BYPRODUCT WATER THAT HAS BEEN SEPARATED FROM REACTION PRODUCT IN ACCORDANCE WITH PRODUCTION OF HYDROCARBONS USING SYNTHESIS GAS, PRIMARY TREATED WATER IS OBTAINED. SUBSEQUENTLY, BY CARRYING OUT A SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE SEPARATION TREATMENT (2) OF THE PRIMARY TREATED WATER IN A CROSS FLOWMANNER, PURIFIED WATER IS OBTAINED. THE PURIFIED WATER CAN BE DRAINED INTO RIVER OR SEA, ETC., BUT PREFERABLY USED AS INDUSTRIAL WATER, IRRIGATION WATER, DRINKING WATER, ETC. IN ADDITION, CONCENTRATED WATER GENERATED FROM SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE SEPARATION TREATMENT (2) IS SUBJECTED TO A BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT AND ALSO SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATION IS CARRIED OUT TO PURIFY THE CONCENTRATED WATER. INADDITION, WATER OBTAINED AFTER THE BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT IS, FOR EXAMPLE, CONVEYED TO SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE SEPARATION TREATMENT (2) AND TREATED AGAIN. MOST ILLUSTRATIVE DRAWING IS
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method for purifying a process water that can reduce an equipment cost and a running cost in purifying water as a by-product in the production of liquefied hydrocarbons by an FT process to produce water utilizable for various applications. Water as a by-product separated from a reaction product obtained in the production of hydrocarbons using a synthesis gas is subjected to distillation treatment (1) to obtain a primary treated water. The primary treated water is then subjected to cross flow-type semi-permeable membrane separation treatment (2) to obtain a purified water. The purified water may be discharged into rivers, seas or the like. Preferably, however, the purified water is used, for example, as industrial water, irrigation water, and potable water. Concentrated water produced by the semi-permeable membrane separation treatment (2) is biologically treated and is further subjected to solid-liquid separation to purify the concentrated water. The biologically treated water is returned, for example, to the semi-permeable membrane separation treatment (2) to again perform the treatment.