Abstract:
Double balanced mixers having transistor pairs are affected by area mismatches between the transistors. The area mismatches can be represented as a ratio between the mixer core transistors that is directly related to voltage. Thus, an input voltage into one of the mixer core transistors in a transistor pair can compensate for the area mismatch. The compensation is achieved by a voltage track and hold feedback loop to one of the mixer core transistors.
Abstract:
A subharmonic mixer (510) has two switching stages is used to improved mixer gain in a direct downconversion receiver (500). The first switching stage mixes a received RF signal (520) to an intermediate frequency that is one-half of the RF signal frequency. The second switching stage mixes the intermediate signal to baseband. By connecting the two switching stages in series, current is reused and harmonic content from the first stage is fed into the second stage thereby improving the mixer gain.
Abstract:
Double balanced mixers (100) having transistor pairs (112,114,122,124) are affected by area mismatches between the transistors. The area mismatches can be represented as a ratio between the mixer core transistors that is directly related to voltage. Thus, an input voltage (102) into one of the mixer core transistors in a transistor pair can compensate for the area mismatch. The compensation is achieved by a voltage track and hold feedback loop created by operational amplifier (162), to one of the mixer core transistors.
Abstract:
Systems for controlling the frequency of the output signal of a controllable oscillator (202) in a frequency synthesizer (200) are provided. One such system comprises a controllable oscillator (202) and a frequency control circuit (208). The controllable oscillator (202) is configured to generate an output signal that has a predefined frequency. The controllable oscillator (202) is also configured with a plurality of operational states that are controlled by the frequency control circuit (208). Each operational state of the controllable oscillator (202) defines a distinct frequency for the output signal of the controllable oscillator (202). The frequency control circuit (208) receives the output signal of the controllable oscillator (202) and determines the distinct frequency for the output signal that best approximates the predefined frequency. The frequency control circuit (208) may also provide a control signal to the controllable oscillator (202) that is configured to change the controllable oscillator (202) to the operational state corresponding to the distinct frequency that best approximates the predefined frequency.
Abstract:
A subharmonic mixer (510) has two switching stages is used to improved mixer gain in a direct downconversion receiver (500). The first switching stage mixes a received RF signal (520) to an intermediate frequency that is one-half of the RF signal frequency. The second switching stage mixes the intermediate signal to baseband. By connecting the two switching stages in series, current is reused and harmonic content from the first stage is fed into the second stage thereby improving the mixer gain.