公开(公告)号：US3780295A

公开(公告)日：1973-12-18

申请号：US3780295D

申请日：1972-03-30

Applicant: CORNING GLASS WORKS

Inventor： KAPRON F ,  KECK D

IPC: G02B6/42 ,  H04B10/152 ,  H04B9/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/4206

Abstract: A light coupler for transferring optical wave energy to or from an optical waveguide. This coupler comprises a core of transparent material surrounded by a thin layer of transparent cladding material having a thickness less than a few wavelengths. A conically shaped member which surrounds the transparent layer has its base disposed adjacent to the end of the optical waveguide. The refractive index of the transparent layer is lower than that of the core and the conical member. To couple light to the waveguide, a light beam directed at the tapered surface of the conically shaped member is refracted thereby toward the transparent layer where a portion thereof tunnels into the core and is thereafter coupled into the waveguide. When it is utilized as an output coupler, light radiates from the tapered surface at an angle dependent upon the mode of propagation in the waveguide.

Abstract translation: 用于将光波能量传送到光波导或从光波导传输的光耦合器。 该耦合器包括由厚度小于几个波长的透明覆层材料的薄层围绕的透明材料芯。 围绕透明层的圆锥形构件具有邻近光波导端部设置的基部。 透明层的折射率低于芯部和锥形部件的折射率。 为了将光耦合到波导，指向锥形构件的锥形表面的光束被折射到透明层，其中其一部分隧道进入芯并且之后耦合到波导中。 当它被用作输出耦合器时，光依照波导中的传播模式以一定角度从锥形表面辐射。

公开(公告)号：US3756690A

公开(公告)日：1973-09-04

申请号：US3756690D

申请日：1972-03-30

Applicant: CORNING GLASS WORKS

Inventor： BORRELLI N ,  KAPRON F ,  KECK D

IPC: G02F1/095 ,  G02F1/22

CPC classification number: G02F1/095

Abstract: Modulation of light in a fused silica optical waveguide is accomplished by a Faraday effect rotation of the plane of polarization of the light propagating in the waveguide. The fused silica waveguide utilized has unique characteristics of low attenuation and low depolarization due to the purity of the fused silica, the manner in which the fused silica is made, the use of the same base material for the core and cladding layer, and a single mode transmission characteristic. The low attenuation and low depolarization permit low strength magnetic fields to cause large rotations of the plane of polarization of the light beam in the waveguide. Because of the length of the light path exposed to the magnetic field, rotations of at least 90* can be accomplished with the application of as little as 100 oersteds of magnetic field along the longitudinal axis of the guide.

Abstract translation: 熔融石英光波导中的光的调制是通过在波导中传播的光的偏振平面的法拉第效应旋转来实现的。 所使用的熔融二氧化硅波导由于熔融二氧化硅的纯度，熔融二氧化硅的制造方式，使用与芯和包层相同的基材以及单个的熔融二氧化硅，具有低衰减和低去极化的独特特征 模式传输特性。 低衰减和低去极化允许低强度磁场引起波导中光束的偏振平面的大的旋转。 由于暴露于磁场的光路的长度，可以通过沿引导件的纵向轴线施加少至100奥斯特的磁场来实现至少90度的旋转。

公开(公告)号：US3832028A

公开(公告)日：1974-08-27

申请号：US23974472

申请日：1972-03-30

Applicant: CORNING GLASS WORKS

Inventor： KAPRON F

IPC: G02B6/42 ,  H04B10/152 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02B6/4203 ,  G02B6/4206 ,  H04B10/502

Abstract: A light coupler for transferring optical wave energy to or from light transmitting means including at least one optical waveguide. The coupler comprises a tapered core of transparent material of refractive index n1 and a layer of transparent cladding material of refractive index n2 disposed upon the surface of the tapered core, n1 being greater than n2. The tapered core has a large diameter end which is aligned with an end of the light transmitting means and a small diameter end which is disposed adjacent to electro-optic energy conversion means such as a light emitting diode, a light detector or the like. When used at the transmitting end of an optical communication system, the small diameter end of the tapered core receives light from a source, and the coupler functions to collimate those light rays which enter the small diameter end and which reflect from the core-cladding interface thereof.

Abstract translation: 一种光耦合器，用于向包括至少一个光波导的光发射装置传输光波能量。 耦合器包括折射率为n1的透明材料的锥形芯和设置在锥形芯的表面上的折射率n2的透明包层材料层，n1大于n2。 锥形芯具有与光传输装置的端部对准的大直径端和与诸如发光二极管，光检测器等的电光能量转换装置相邻设置的小直径端。 当在光通信系统的发射端使用时，锥形芯的小直径端部接收来自光源的光，并且耦合器用于准直进入小直径端并从芯 - 包层界面反射的那些光线 其中。

公开(公告)号：US3779628A

公开(公告)日：1973-12-18

申请号：US3779628D

申请日：1972-03-30

Applicant: CORNING GLASS WORKS

Inventor： KAPRON F ,  KECK D

IPC: G02B6/42 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/4203 ,  G02B6/4212

Abstract: A light coupler for efficiently utilizing light from a source of optical wave energy in the initiation of light mode propagation in an optical waveguide. The coupler comprises a tapered core of transparent material and a layer of transparent cladding material disposed upon the surface of the tapered core. The refractive index of the core is greater than that of the cladding layer. The core has a large diameter end terminating in an optically polished surface which is adapted to receive light from the light source. The small diameter end of the core is substantially aligned with the core of the optical waveguide.

Abstract translation: 一种光耦合器，用于在光波导中的光模式传播的启动中有效利用来自光波能的光。 耦合器包括透明材料的锥形芯和设置在锥形芯的表面上的透明覆层材料层。 芯的折射率大于包覆层的折射率。 芯具有大直径端，其终止于光学抛光表面，其适于接收来自光源的光。 芯的小直径端基本上与光波导的芯对准。

公开(公告)号：US3756688A

公开(公告)日：1973-09-04

申请号：US3756688D

申请日：1972-03-30

Applicant: CORNING GLASS WORKS

Inventor： HUDSON M ,  KAPRON F

IPC: G02B6/42 ,  H04B10/152 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: H04B10/502 ,  G02B6/4203 ,  G02B6/4206

Abstract: A light coupler for transferring optical wave energy to or from light transmitting means including at least one optical waveguide. The coupler comprises a tapered core of transparent material of refractive index n1 and a layer of transparent cladding material of refractive index n2 disposed upon the surface of the tapered core, n1 being greater than n2. The tapered core has a large diameter end which is aligned with an end of the light transmitting means and a small diameter end which is disposed adjacent to electro-optic energy conversion means such as a light emitting diode, a light detector or the like. A reflecting metallic layer is disposed upon at least that portion of the surface of the cladding layer which is adjacent to the small diameter end of the coupler to reflect light which is incident upon the core-cladding interface at angles less than the critical angle and which passes through the cladding layer.

Abstract translation: 一种光耦合器，用于向包括至少一个光波导的光发射装置传输光波能量。 耦合器包括折射率为n1的透明材料的锥形芯和设置在锥形芯的表面上的折射率n2的透明包层材料层，n1大于n2。 锥形芯具有与光传输装置的端部对准的大直径端和与诸如发光二极管，光检测器等的电光能量转换装置相邻设置的小直径端。 反射金属层设置在包覆层的与耦合器的小直径端相邻的表面的至少一部分上，以反射以小于临界角的角度入射到芯 - 包层界面的光，并且 穿过包层。