Abstract:
Cellulose acetate is effectively prepared from cellulose and acetic anhydride in a solvent of acetic acid in the presence of a catalyst of sulfuric acid, when the reaction system is being evacuated at least before the reaction mixture reaches a boiling point thereof until the reaction completes, so that the vapor evolved from the reaction mixture may be condensed to distill off and the reaction product may be concentrated.
Abstract:
A process for recovering acetic acid, which comprises extracting acetic acid from an aqueous solution of acetic acid containing metal sulfates with an organic extracting agent consisting of a tertiary amine and an organic diluent, and recovering acetic acid from the extract, wherein the organic extracting agent is a mixture of a tertiary amine containing sulfuric acid and an organic diluent. This process enables to reduce energy consumption and raise extraction efficiency.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To obtain the subject compound in high efficiency by adding an acidic compound and a compound capable of forming a complex with rhodium to a reaction system and carbonylating an alpha-arylethyl alcohol in the presence of the rhodium catalyst and an iodine compound under specific condition. CONSTITUTION:The subject compound useful as an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent is produced by reacting (A) an alpha arylethyl alcohol with CO in the presence of (B) a rhodium catalyst and (C) an iodine compound. In the above process, the atomic ratio of Rh:I in the components B and C is adjusted to 1: (0.5-1.6) and the reaction system is added with (D) a compound capable of forming a complex with Rh (especially phosphine) and (E) an acidic compound (especially an organic acid or inorganic acid) in such a manner as to get an Rh:D molar ratio of 1: (0.01-10) and an A:E molar ratio of 1: (0.1-5). The process is profitable because the objective compound can be produced in high yield and high space-time yield at decreased catalyst concentration and suppressed formation of by-products without lowering the rate of reaction even under a high reaction pressure.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To recover Pd catalyst by solid-liquid separation after completion of reaction and the aimed substance and an alkaline metallic promoter by liquid-liquid separation and to recycle the Pd catalyst and the alkaline metallic promoter in obtaining the title substance by hydrogenating an aromatic ketone in the presence of a Pd carrying catalyst and an alkaline metallic promoter by using water as a reaction solvent. CONSTITUTION:A compound shown by the formula (R' is H, 1-5C alkyl, 1-2C alkoxy or halogen; R'' is alkyl or arylalkyl) is reacted in the presence of a Pd carrying catalyst and an alkaline metallic promoter (e.g., NaOH or potassium acetate) at 50-150 deg.C using water as a reaction solvent to give the title substance. After the reaction is over, the Pd catalyst is recovered by solid-liquid separation, successively the aimed substance is separated from an aqueous solution containing the promoter by liquid-liquid separation and the Pd catalyst and the aqueous solution containing the promoter are returned to the reaction system. The aimed substance is obtained in 100% selectivity, rapidly by simpler facilities and economically.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To produce an aromatic carbinol useful as a raw material for drugs and agricultural chemicals with a few side reactions industrially and advantageously without requiring a specific device by using an organic amine as a promoter and hydrogenating an aromatic ketone in the presence of a palladium catalyst. CONSTITUTION:An aromatic ketone (e. g., p-isobutylacetophenone) shown by the formula (R' is H, 1-5C alkyl, 1-2C alkoxy or halogen, R'' is alkyl or arylalkyl) is hydrogenated in the presence of a palladium catalyst supported on a carrier to give an aromatic carbinol [e. g., (p-isobutylphenyl) methylcarbinol]. In the reaction, 0.4-0.6 pt.wt. based on 1 pt.wt. palladium supporting catalyst of an organic amine, especially pyridine or triethylamine is present as a promoter. The method has no problems such as precipitation of alkali hydroxide and alkaline metallic salt and purification is readily carried out.
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To efficiently heat-treat polymeric film by a method wherein far infrared rays having the specified wavelengths, at which energy is absorbed by the polymeric film and molecular vibration is excited, are applied to the polymeric film for a comparatively short period of time. CONSTITUTION:Far infrared rays, the wavelengths of which are 4-400mum, preferably 4-100mum, are applied to a polymeric film for about 10-1,800sec in order to heat-treat the polymeric film at a temperature below its melting point. Since the molecular vibration of the polymeric film is excited, the film is extremely efficiently heat-treated by the internal heat. Normally, the energy density of a far infrared ray radiating element is 0.05-2.0W/cm and the distance between a matter to be irradiated and a radiator 1-100cm. Any irradiation time will do. Normally, the irradiation time is from 10sec-30min. The preferable irradiation time is form 10sec-10min.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: To obtain a polycondensation product having excellent quality and slight coloring, stably, by carrying out the polycondensation of bisphenol and diaryl carbonate, etc. in three steps while distilling out produced phenol from the system. CONSTITUTION: The objective polycondensation product can be produced in three steps. In the first step, a bisphenol such as 2,2-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl) propane and a diaryl carbonate and/or a dicarboxylic acid diaryl ester such as diphenyl terephthalate, etc. are subjected to the first-stage polycondensation reaction in the presence of a catalyst such as an alkali metal (carbonate) (e.g. Li), preferably at 50W300°C under 760W1mmHg pressure while distilling out 75W95wt% of the whole phenol to be distilled. In the second step, the product of the first step is extruded in the form of a strand of 1W5mmϕ into a vacuum chamber maintained at preferably 240W320°C and 10W0.1mmHg to remove a part of residual phenol by distillation, and in the third step, the phenol is completely distilled out by a twinscrew extruder. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio
Abstract:
PURPOSE:To recover transition metal by a simple and efficient method by adding sulfur compounds to transition metal remaining in a reaction product obtained with a transition metal catalyst and recover the transition metal. CONSTITUTION:Transition metal remains in a reaction product obtained with a transition metal catalyst such as Fe or Co. Almost 100% of transition metal can be recovered by adding sulfur compounds such as H2S, Na2B and NaSS to the reaction product. Thus it is possible to recover efficiently the transition metal remaining in the reaction product by a simple method without using a specific device.