Abstract:
An apparatus and method is described for testing a multi-hole fuel injector nozzle. The apparatus comprises mounting means for the multi-hole nozzle and fuel supply means for supplying fuel to the multi-hole nozzle. The multi-hole nozzle is mounted outside a measurement chamber for capturing the fuel spray from an individual spray hole outlet of the multi-hole nozzle. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a spray target plate, located within the measurement chamber, at which the fuel spray is directed. The spray target plate (28) is connected to a remote pressure sensor, which is used to determine the spray force of the fuel spray acting on the spray target plate. The apparatus is further arranged to determine the mass flow rate of the fuel spray. A new parameter, referred to as ‘momentum efficiency’ is defined, and calculated using the determined values of spray force and mass flow rate.
Abstract:
A fuel injector mountable with respect to a combustion chamber for delivering fuel thereto, the combustion chamber comprising a chamber ceiling (30) and a chamber wall, the fuel injector comprising a nozzle body (21) having a primary nozzle axis (A- A); a first outlet opening (23; 33) having a first axis (27; 37); a second outlet opening (24; 34) having a second axis (28; 38); and means for controlling fuel delivery through the first and second outlet openings (23, 24; 33, 34). The means for controlling fuel delivery comprises an inner valve needle and an outer valve needle, and is arranged to permit fuel delivery from only the first outlet opening (23, 33), or through both the first and second outlet openings (23, 24; 33, 34) together. The first and second outlet openings (23, 24; 33, 34) are oriented such that, in use, when fuel delivery is permitted through only said first outlet opening (23; 33), a first spray formation is injected along the first axis (27; 37), the first spray formation reaching a first target distance below said chamber ceiling (30) at a radial distance from the primary nozzle axis (A-A). When fuel delivery is permitted through both openings (23, 24; 33, 34) together, respective first and second spray formations are injected along the respective first and second axes (27, 28; 37, 38) to merge externally of the injector so as to give rise to a combined spray formation having a third axis (29; 39). The combined spray formation reaches a second targetdistance below said chamber ceiling (30) at said radial distance from the primary nozzle axis (A-A), and is substantially equivalent to a spray formation delivered as if from a single outlet opening having a diameter greater than that of the first outlet opening (23; 33). The first target distance is less than the second target distance.