公开(公告)号：WO1989012024A1

公开(公告)日：1989-12-14

申请号：PCT/DK1989000129

申请日：1989-05-18

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  SCHOUBYE, Peter

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: C01B17/80

CPC classification number: B01D53/8609 ,  C01B17/76 ,  C01B17/806 ,  Y02C20/30

Abstract: Flue gases etc. may contain SO2 which should be prevented from admission to the atmosphere. SO2 is oxidized to SO3 and condensed with steam to H2SO4-vapours which are condensed in vertical glass tubes cooled from the outside. In principle the condensate is collected near the bottom of the tubes. In the cooling process a mist of very small H2SO4 droplets is formed and tends to escape to the atmosphere. Environmental regulations continually increase the demands on reducing the amount of acid mist escaping. According to the invention an important method to achieve a reduction of the escape of acid mist is to pass the gas leaving each tube through an aerosol filter in gastight connection with the tube top. Such a filter may consist of acid resistant fibres or filaments having a thickness of 0.04-0.7 mm and may be arranged in specified manners to ensure a drop of pressure through below 20 mbar. Moreover, the sulfuric acid caught in the filter is caused to flow downwardly through the tube countercurrently with the feed gas. Various embodiments of filters and filter media for the purpose are disclosed. The sulfuric acid recovered is highly pure and highly concentrated.

公开(公告)号：WO1989012025A1

公开(公告)日：1989-12-14

申请号：PCT/DK1989000133

申请日：1989-05-22

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  SCHOUBYE, Peter

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: C01B17/80

CPC classification number: C01B17/806 ,  B01D53/8609 ,  C01B17/76

Abstract: When condensing sulfuric acid from gases containing sulfuric acid vapour and steam in excess, e.g. originating from a power station, a substantial decrease of the amount minute droplets of sulfuric acid (the so-called acid mist) escaping to the surroundings is obtained, even in cases where the sulfuric acid plant is equipped with an aerosol filter, if minute nucleation cores are incorporated into the gas in an amount of 10 to 10 solid particles per Nm per 0.1 % H2SO4-vapour in the gas. The nucleation cores may, e.g., be generated by combusting hydrocarbons with >2 carbon atoms or silicones, or added as smoke from an electric arc or welding.

Abstract translation: 当从含有硫酸蒸气和蒸汽过量的气体中冷凝硫酸， 即使在硫酸装置配备有气溶胶过滤器的情况下，即使是微小的成核，也能够获得大量的硫酸酸滴（所谓的酸性雾）逸出到周边的量 核心以气体中每0.1％H 2 SO 4蒸汽的每Nm 3为10 9至10 12个固体颗粒的量掺入气体中。 成核芯可以例如通过燃烧具有> 2个碳原子的碳氢化合物或硅氧烷，或者由电弧或焊接作为烟添加。

公开(公告)号：WO1990009228A1

公开(公告)日：1990-08-23

申请号：PCT/DK1990000030

申请日：1990-02-05

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  SCHOUBYE, Peter, Carl, Sehestedt

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: B01D53/36

CPC classification number: B01D53/9409 ,  B01D53/8628

Abstract: Nitrogen oxides can be removed from offgases from turbines by a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with ammonia with greater efficiency than by prior art technique if the ammonia needed for the reduction of the nitrogen oxides is added before the turbine, preferably in a stoichiometric excess compared to the contents of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. One can employ well-known SCR catalysts and advantageously the exhaust gas after the turbine is passed through a layer of SCR catalyst followed by a layer of a combustion catalyst. The latter expediently consists of metal oxides, preferably selected from copper oxide, manganese oxide and chromium oxide, deposited on aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon oxide or mixtures thereof.

Abstract translation: 如果在涡轮机之前添加氮氧化物还原所需的氨，优选以化学计量过量比较，则可以通过选择性催化还原（SCR），通过氨的选择性催化还原（SCR）将氮氧化物从现有技术的技术中获得，效率高于现有技术的氮氧化物 与废气中的氮氧化物的含量相关。 可以使用众所周知的SCR催化剂，并且有利地在涡轮经过一层SCR催化剂之后是一层燃烧催化剂的情况下使用废气。 后者方便地由沉积在氧化铝，氧化镁，氧化硅或其混合物上的优选选自氧化铜，氧化锰和氧化铬的金属氧化物组成。

公开(公告)号：WO1990000153A1

公开(公告)日：1990-01-11

申请号：PCT/DK1989000149

申请日：1989-06-19

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  TOPSOE, Haldor, Frederik, Axel

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: C01C01/04

CPC classification number: H01M8/0612 ,  C01C1/0476 ,  C01C1/0488 ,  Y02P20/129 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: When producing ammonia in a conventional ammonia plant there is obtained a substantially improved process economy by incorporating a fuel cell into the ammonia plant. A gas stream rich in carbon dioxide, obtained during the production of ammonia, is passed to the cathode gas loop of the fuel cell; and/or a purged gas stream emanating from the process plant and containing one or more components usable as fuel for the fuel cell is fed to the anode chamber of the fuel cell. Finally, exhaust gas usable as fuel is passed from the anode chamber of the fuel cell to the front end of the process plant. An improved production of electricity is obtained in the fuel cell; and the stream rich in carbon dioxide formed in the ammonia plant is utilized, whereas normally it is a waste product.

Abstract translation: 当在常规氨装置中生产氨时，通过在氨装置中加入燃料电池可获得显着提高的工艺经济性。 在生产氨期间获得的富含二氧化碳的气流被传递到燃料电池的阴极气体回路; 和/或从处理装置发出并含有可用作燃料电池的燃料的一种或多种组分的净化气流被供给到燃料电池的阳极室。 最后，作为燃料使用的废气从燃料电池的阳极室通到处理厂的前端。 在燃料电池中获得改善的电力生产; 并且利用在氨装置中形成的富含二氧化碳的物流，而通常它是废物。

公开(公告)号：WO1987004368A1

公开(公告)日：1987-07-30

申请号：PCT/DK1987000004

申请日：1987-01-20

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  BLOM, Niels, Jorgen

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: B01J29/06

CPC classification number: B01J21/16 ,  B01J29/049 ,  B01J2229/42 ,  C01B33/28

Abstract: Synthetic layered crystalline aluminosilicates which, apart from the possible presence of water of crystallization, have the general formula expressed as moles of oxides ratios: (M2/nO)x : (SiO2)y : (Al2O3)z, where M represents one or more n-valent cations selected amongst sodium, potassium and any other cations capable of replacing sodium or potassium by ion-exchange, the ratio y/z being between 15 and 300, the ratio x/z being determined from the criterion of electron neutrality between anions and cations, and wherein the structural aluminium is tetrahedrally coordinated in crystal lattice, are suitable as catalysts for the preparation of higher hydrocarbons from a raw material containing lower olefins or oxygenates. These aluminosilicates are prepared from a synthesis mixture the composition of which, expressed as moles of oxides, is: SiO2/Al2O3: 5-500, preferably: 10-300; M2/nO/SiO2: 0.1-10, preferably: 0.1-2; OH/SiO2: 0.1-5, preferably: 0.2-4; H2O/SiO2: 5-200, preferably: 5-75. The synthesis mixture is held under autogenous pressure at a temperature of 80-270 DEG C for 4 hours to 100 days, preferably at 95-160 DEG C for 10 hours to 30 days.

Abstract translation: 除了可能存在结晶水之外，合成层状结晶硅铝酸盐具有以氧化物摩尔数表示的通式：（M2 / nO）x：（SiO 2）y：（Al 2 O 3）z，其中M表示一个或多个 选自钠，钾和能够通过离子交换替代钠或钾的任何其它阳离子的n价阳离子，比率y / z在15和300之间，x / z是根据阴离子之间的电子中性标准确定的 和阳离子，并且其中结构铝在晶格中四面体配位，适合作为用于由含低级烯烃或含氧化合物的原料制备高级烃的催化剂。 这些铝硅酸盐由合成混合物制备，其组成以氧化物的摩尔数表示，为：SiO 2 / Al 2 O 3：5-500，优选为：10-300; M2 / nO / SiO2：0.1-10，优选：0.1-2; OH / SiO 2：0.1-5，优选0.2-4; H 2 O / SiO 2：5-200，优选5-75。 合成混合物在80-270℃的自生压力下保持4小时至100天，优选在95-160℃保持10小时至30天。

公开(公告)号：WO1990009234A1

公开(公告)日：1990-08-23

申请号：PCT/DK1990000034

申请日：1990-02-12

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  STAHL, Henrik, Otto

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: B01J08/06

CPC classification number: B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/0005 ,  B01J8/0214 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  C01C1/0417 ,  C07C29/152 ,  F28D7/16 ,  F28F9/0273 ,  Y02P20/52 ,  C07C31/04

Abstract: A cooled reactor for exothermic catalytic conversion of gaseous materials, e.g. for the oxo synthesis, for the conversion of hydrogen and nitrogen to form ammonia and for the reaction of carbon oxides with hydrogen to form methanol, comprises a cylindrical pressure shell (10), distributor means (34) for synthesis gas, at least one tube sheet (30) and one or more catalyst beds (20) provided with cooling tubes (38) for the indirect cooling of reacting gas. Each cooling tube (38) consists of an outer tube (4) provided with a heat exchanging outer wall (7); this outer tube surrounds and is coaxial with an inner tube (2) and hence defines an annular space the inner wall of which is provided with perforations (8) to direct the stream of cooling gas, which may consist of or contain components of the synthesis gas, to the annular space and along the heat exchanging wall. There is obtained a very rapid equalization of temperature differences in the catalyst bed, which causes an improved yield and hence makes it possible to decrease the amount of catalyst for a given process.

公开(公告)号：WO1986005178A1

公开(公告)日：1986-09-12

申请号：PCT/US1986000411

申请日：1986-02-25

Applicant: CATALYTICA ASSOCIATES ,  HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

Inventor： CATALYTICA ASSOCIATES ,  HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  GRATE, John, H. ,  HAMM, David, R. ,  VALENTINE, Donald, H.

IPC: C07C125/065

CPC classification number: C07C271/06

Abstract: Process for preparing urethanes by reacting a solution of a nitrogen-containing organic compound and a hydroxyl-containing organic compound with carbon monoxide in the presence of a ruthenium catalyst. The selectivity of this process is increased by the use of methanol instead of various other alkanols, e.g. ethanol. Preferably the catalyst is a halide-free ruthenium catalyst, e.g. a ruthenium carbonyl complex.

Abstract translation: 在钌催化剂存在下使含氮有机化合物和含羟基有机化合物的溶液与一氧化碳反应制备聚氨酯的方法。 该方法的选择性通过使用甲醇代替各种其它链烷醇而增加。 乙醇。 优选地，催化剂是不含卤化物的钌催化剂，例如 羰基钌络合物。

公开(公告)号：WO1996005274A1

公开(公告)日：1996-02-22

申请号：PCT/US1995009423

申请日：1995-07-26

Applicant: AMOCO CORPORATION ,  HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

Inventor： AMOCO CORPORATION ,  HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  FLEISCH, Theodore, H. ,  McCARTHY, Christopher, I. ,  MIKKELSEN, Svend-Erik ,  UDOVICH, Carl, A. ,  BASU, Arunabha

IPC: C10L01/02

CPC classification number: C10L1/026

Abstract: A diesel fuel composition comprising from about 70 to about 95 weight percent of dimethyl ether, up to about 20 weight percent of methanol, and from about 0.1 to about 20 weight % of water is disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了包含约70至约95重量％的二甲醚，至多约20重量％的甲醇和约0.1至约20重量％的水的柴油燃料组合物。

公开(公告)号：WO1990014876A1

公开(公告)日：1990-12-13

申请号：PCT/DK1990000115

申请日：1990-05-03

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  NIELSEN, Poul, Erik, Hojlund

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: B01D53/34

CPC classification number: C01B3/56 ,  B01D53/52 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C10K1/20

Abstract: The removal of sulphides from gas streams while using a solid absorbent containing tin, tin oxides or mixtures thereof and optionally a stabilizing component consisting of nickel, copper, cobalt, iron or oxides thereof takes place by contacting the sulphide-containing gas stream with the solid absorbent, which is expediently in the form of a carrier with the tin component and the stabilizing component; hereby the absorbent is sulphided and the gas stream desulphided. Subsequently the sulphided absorbents are regenerated by being contacted with a stream of steam. The regeneration process employed is substantially thermoneutral so that superheating and consequent sintering of the absorbent is avoided; moreover it is not necessary to operate at low temperatures, whereby the formation of sulphates as a by-product is avoided.

公开(公告)号：WO1990004742A1

公开(公告)日：1990-05-03

申请号：PCT/DK1989000242

申请日：1989-10-16

Applicant: HALDOR TOPSOE A/S ,  NIELSEN, Kai, Hasse ,  JENSEN, Frands, Erling

Inventor： HALDOR TOPSOE A/S

IPC: F23G07/06

CPC classification number: F23G7/07 ,  F23G7/068

Abstract: Combustible impurities in oxygen-containing offgases are burnt according to a method and by an apparatus of the type in which at least some of the heat of combustion is recovered by a regenerative heat exchange in two identical heat exchange zones (10, 11) containing a solid heat exchange material and separated by a combustion chamber (15). The air or gas to be purified flows through both of the heat exchange zones and by means of valves (1, 2, 3, 4) the direction of flow is changed periodically so that the two zones are alternately heated and cooled in periods of 0.1-60 minutes. The risk of discharge of unburnt combustible contaminants to the atmosphere is minimized by dividing the purified gas stream in the first 1-50 % of each period into two part streams of which one is discharged directly from the combustion chamber (15) to a recipient (22) whereas the other is passed through the heat exchange zone (10 or 11) being heated and from there recycled through a line (25 or 24) controlled by a valve (7 or 6) and combined with unpurified gas being passed to the heat exchange zone (11 or 10) being cooled.