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公开(公告)号：US20070122590A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-31
申请号：US11288462
申请日：2005-11-29
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
IPC: B32B3/10
CPC classification number: B32B3/266 , B31D3/002 , B31D3/04 , B32B5/02 , B32B5/10 , B32B5/18 , B32B5/26 , B32B15/00 , B32B25/00 , B32B29/00 , B32B2260/044 , B32B2260/046 , B32B2260/048 , B32B2307/732 , B32B2451/00 , Y10T428/24306 , Y10T428/24314
Abstract: Expandable surfaces made from sheet materials with slits distributed on the surface of sheet material where the surfaces expand by application of force along or/and across the surface of sheet material. The unexpanded surfaces are flat sheets, or closed surfaces like cylinders, spheres, tubes, or custom-designed organic shapes marked with pre-formed or post-formed slit designs. The expanded surfaces can be single units or modules which can be attached to one another through various means. The sheet materials range from hard surfaces like metals, to softer materials like papers and plastics, or pliable materials like fabrics, rubbers, synthetic surfaces or bio-surfaces. The slits are arranged in patterns ranging from periodic, non-periodic to irregular designs. The slits can be straight, bent, curved or irregularly shaped with even or uneven spacing. Slitting can be achieved by digital cutting or punching devices like laser-cutting, water-jet cutting, digital punching, automated dies, etc. or pre-formed when casting the sheet material. Force can be applied manually with tools or through the use of machines and special set-ups. Applications range from architectural surfaces, walls, ceilings, panel systems, structures and sculpture. On a smaller scale, applications include containers, packaging material, fabrics and human wear. On micro- to nano-scale, applications range from expandable surfaces for gauzes, band-aids, stent designs, skin grafts, semi-permeable membranes and micro-filters for various industries including purification of fluids and chemical substances.
Abstract translation: 由具有分布在片材表面上的狭缝的片状材料制成的可膨胀表面，其中表面通过沿着或/或横过片材表面施加力而膨胀。 未膨胀的表面是平板，或封闭表面，如圆柱体，球体，管子，或者带有预形成或后成形狭缝设计的定制设计的有机形状。 扩展的表面可以是可以通过各种方式彼此附接的单个单元或模块。 片状材料的范围从硬质表面如金属，软质材料如纸和塑料，或柔韧材料如织物，橡胶，合成表面或生物表面。 狭缝以从周期性，非周期性到不规则设计的图案排列。 狭缝可以是直的，弯曲的，弯曲的或不均匀的，具有均匀或不均匀的间距。 分切可以通过激光切割，喷水切割，数字冲裁，自动模具等数字切割或冲压设备实现，也可以在铸造片材时预先形成。 力可以手动使用工具或通过使用机器和特殊设置。 应用范围从建筑表面，墙壁，天花板，面板系统，结构和雕塑。 在较小规模上，应用包括容器，包装材料，织物和人体穿戴。 在微米级到纳米尺度上，应用范围包括用于纱布，助剂，支架设计的可扩张表面，皮肤移植物，半透膜和用于各种行业的微滤器，包括流体和化学物质的净化。
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公开(公告)号：US06640605B2
公开(公告)日：2003-11-04
申请号：US10116708
申请日：2002-04-04
Applicant: Bruce Gitlin , Alexander Kveton , Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Bruce Gitlin , Alexander Kveton , Haresh Lalvani
IPC: B21D500
Abstract: A method for bending sheet metal includes introducing to the sheet metal thinned regions which are positioned either along or immediately adjacent to a bending line. These thinned regions allow the metal to be easily bent along the bending line using conventional hand tools or non-specialized machines. The thinned regions may be shaped as slots having a specific width, length, end shape, spacing from each adjacent slot, and depth into the metal sheet. According to one embodiment of the invention, each slot is cut through the entire thickness of the metal sheet. Other related embodiments require that the slots be only partially cut or etched thereby having a depth that is less than the thickness of the metal sheet. The thinned regions may be any appropriate shape as controlled by the shape of the bend, the type of metal, the thickness of the metal, the ductility of the metal, the angle of the bend, and the application of the metal (e.g., load bearing, etc). According to a second embodiment, two generally parallel sets of thinned regions are formed adjacent and generally parallel to the bending line. In a preferred application, the two sets of thinned regions are slots (cutting through the metal) and are staggered or offset with respect to each other.
Abstract translation: 用于弯曲金属板的方法包括向沿着或紧邻弯曲线定位的金属薄板区域引入。 这些变薄的区域允许金属沿着弯曲线容易地弯曲，使用常规的手动工具或非专业的机器。 变薄的区域可以形成为具有特定宽度，长度，端部形状，与每个相邻狭槽的间隔以及深度进入金属片的狭槽。根据本发明的一个实施例，每个槽切割金属的整个厚度 片。 其它相关的实施例要求，狭槽仅被部分地切割或蚀刻，从而具有小于金属片的厚度的深度。 变薄的区域可以是由弯曲形状，金属类型，金属的厚度，金属的延展性，弯曲角度和金属的应用（例如，负载 轴承等）。根据第二实施例，两个大致平行的变薄区域组形成为与弯曲线相邻并且大致平行。 在优选的应用中，两组变薄的区域是槽（切穿金属）并且相对于彼此交错或偏移。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5575125A
公开(公告)日：1996-11-19
申请号：US684978
申请日：1991-04-15
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
CPC classification number: E04B1/19 , A63F9/0669 , B44C3/123 , E01C5/00 , E04B1/32 , E04F15/02 , A63F2009/067 , A63F2009/0697 , E01C2201/06 , E04B1/1906 , E04B2001/1918 , E04B2001/1927 , E04B2001/1933 , E04B2001/1966 , E04B2001/1978 , E04B2001/1981 , E04B2001/3223 , E04B2001/3247 , E04B2001/3294 , Y10S52/10
Abstract: A family of convex and non-convex tiles which can be tiled together to fill a planar surface in a periodic or non-periodic manner. The tiles are derived from planar space frames composed of a plurality of regular p-sided polygonal nodes coupled by a plurality of struts. p is any odd number greater than three and an even number greater than four. The nodes and struts, along with the areas bounded by them, make up a tiling system. In addition, the lines joining the along the center lines of the struts define a large family of convex and non-convex tiles. The convex tiles include zonogons, and the non-convex tiles include tiles with one or more concave vertices. The latter comprise singly-concave, bi-concave and S-shaped tiles. The tiles can be converted to 3-dimensional space-filling blocks. When these blocks are hollow and inter-connected, architectural environments are possible. Other applications include tiles for walls, floors, and various architectural and other surfaces, environments, toys, puzzles, furniture and furnishings. Special art pieces, murals and sculptures are possible.
Abstract translation: 可以平铺在一起以周期性或非周期性方式填充平面的凸起和非凸形瓷砖系列。 平铺空间框架是由多个通过多个支柱连接的多个规则的p边多边形节点组成的平面空间框架。 p是大于3的奇数，大于4的偶数。 节点和支柱以及它们所界定的区域构成一个平铺系统。 此外，沿着支柱的中心线连接的线限定了大的凸形和非凸形瓷砖系列。 凸形瓦片包括zonogons，并且非凸起的瓦片包括具有一个或多个凹顶点的瓦片。 后者包括单凹，双凹和S形瓷砖。 瓦片可以转换为三维空间填充块。 当这些块是中空的并且相互连接时，建筑环境是可能的。 其他应用包括墙壁，地板和各种建筑和其他表面，环境，玩具，谜题，家具和家具的瓷砖。 特殊的艺术作品，壁画和雕塑是可能的。
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公开(公告)号：US5265395A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-30
申请号：US664201
申请日：1991-03-04
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
CPC classification number: E01C5/00 , A63F9/10 , B44C3/123 , E04B1/19 , E04B1/32 , A63F2009/0697 , A63F9/0669 , E01C2201/06 , E04B1/1906 , E04B2001/1918 , E04B2001/1921 , E04B2001/1927 , E04B2001/1933 , E04B2001/1966 , E04B2001/1978 , E04B2001/1981 , E04B2001/3223 , E04B2001/3247 , E04B2001/3294 , Y10T403/347
Abstract: Families of node shapes based on prismatic symmetry for space frame constructions. The node shapes include various polyhedral, spherical, elipsoidal, cylindrical or saddle shaped nodes derived from polygonal prisms and its dual. The node shapes are determined by strut directions which are specified by various directions radiating from the center of a regular prism of any height. A plurality of such nodes is used in single-, double- or multi-layered space frames or space structures where the nodes are coupled by a plurality of struts in periodic or non-periodic arrays. The space frames are suitably triangulated for stability. Applications include a variety of architectural structures and enclosures for terrestrial or (outer) space environments. Suitable model-building kits, toys and puzzles are also possible based on the invention.
Abstract translation: 基于空间框架结构的棱镜对称的节点形状的家族。 节点形状包括衍生自多边形棱镜的各种多面体，球形，椭圆形，圆柱形或鞍状节点及其双重形状。 节点形状由从任何高度的规则棱镜的中心辐射的各种方向指定的支柱方向来确定。 在单层，双层或多层空间框架或空间结构中使用多个这样的节点，其中节点通过周期性或非周期性阵列中的多个支柱耦合。 为了稳定性，空间框架被适当地进行三角测量。 应用包括用于陆地或（外部）空间环境的各种建筑结构和外壳。 基于本发明，合适的模型建造工具包，玩具和谜题也是可能的。
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公开(公告)号：US5036635A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-06
申请号：US428018
申请日：1989-10-26
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
CPC classification number: E04B1/19 , A63H33/04 , B64G9/00 , E04B1/1906 , E04B2001/1927 , E04B2001/1933 , E04B2001/1981 , E04B2001/1984 , Y10S52/10
Abstract: A building system composed of space-filling convex and non-convex saddle zonogons which fit together periodically and non-periodically into a variety of orderly and irregular looking space structures including saddle zonohedra, single-, double- and multi-layered structures, multi-directional space-filling structures and curved space labyrinths. The saddle zonogons are derived from the infinite class of plane zonogons, and the saddle zonohedra from the infinite class of plane-faced zonohedra. The surfaces of the saddle polygons could be continuously curved surfaces of faceted polygonal surfaces derived from minimal surfaces. The curved surfaces could be flexible membranes or nets in tension used by themselves or in combination with space frames, or stiff shell-like surfaces, and the edges could be hinged or fixed to others. Applications of the system include architectural and environmental structures, fixed or retractable space frames, decks or platforms, educational kits or toys, curved tiles, and saddle polyhedra nodes for space frames.
Abstract translation: 由空间填充凸起和非凸状鞍形区域组成的建筑系统，其周期性且非周期性地组合成各种有序和不规则的空间结构，包括马鞍形单层，单层，双层和多层结构， 方向空间填充结构和弯曲空间迷宫。 马鞍动力源自无限级的平面季风，鞍座动物园从无限阶层的平面面对动物园。 鞍形多边形的表面可以是衍生自最小表面的多面多边形表面的连续弯曲表面。 弯曲表面可以是自身或与空间框架或刚性壳状表面组合使用的柔性膜或网状物，并且边缘可以铰接或固定到其他表面。 该系统的应用包括建筑和环境结构，固定或可缩回的空间框架，甲板或平台，教具或玩具，弯曲瓦片和用于空间框架的马鞍多面体节点。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US12067894B2
公开(公告)日：2024-08-20
申请号：US16873842
申请日：2020-07-22
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
Abstract: This invention describes a 4-dimensional periodic table of elements (4D PT) based on the 4 known quantum numbers of the atom—n (principal), l (azimuthal), m (magnetic) and s (spin)—which determine the 4D Cartesian co-ordinates (n,l,m,s) of a 4-dimensional cubic lattice. Since the four quantum number combinations of each element are unique by Pauli's exclusion principle, each chemical element occupies a different vertex of this lattice and has a unique location in 4D space and hence in the periodic table. The 4D PT of elements extends to chemical molecules and compounds by adding coordinates of individual elements into composite coordinates of molecules and compounds in a larger expansive PT. The higher-dimensional table of elements and compounds can be represented in any digital media or print media as 2D charts or cards. The 4D PT #can be physically built as 3D model kits comprising nodes and connecting struts or 3D blocks or connected 2D panels.
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公开(公告)号：US08216098B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-10
申请号：US12947219
申请日：2010-11-16
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
IPC: A63B39/08
CPC classification number: A63B41/08 , A63B2102/02 , A63B2102/18 , A63B2243/0025 , A63B2243/0037 , A63B2243/0066
Abstract: New designs for a sports ball comprising at least two polygonal panels and having an improved performance and uniformity. Each panel has doubly-curved edges that curve along and across the surface of the sphere. The panels are p-sided curved polygons, where p is an integer greater than 1. The single panels, in an imagined flattened state, have curved edges where each edge curves inwards, outwards or undulates in a wave-like manner. The edges are arranged so each individual panel is without mirror-symmetry and the edge curvatures are adjusted so the panel shape can be varied to achieve more uniform panel stiffness as well as economy in manufacturing. The ball also has a possible shape-induced spin due to the panel design and the overall rotational symmetry of the design. In various embodiments, the ball comprises at least two multi-paneled layers that are topological duals of each other, wherein each layer provides a compensatory function with respect to the other layer such that the ball has a uniformly performing surface. Applications include but are not limited to designs for soccer balls, baseballs, basketballs, tennis balls, rugby, and other sports or recreational play. The shape of the ball can be spherical, ellipsoidal or other curved convex shapes.
Abstract translation: 包括至少两个多边形面板并具有改进的性能和均匀性的运动球的新设计。 每个面板具有双曲线的边缘，沿着并跨越球体的表面弯曲。 面板是双面弯曲多边形，其中p是大于1的整数。单个面板处于想象的平坦状态，具有弯曲边缘，其中每个边缘以波浪状的方式向内，向外或波动。 边缘被布置成使得每个单独的面板不具有镜像对称性，并且边缘曲率被调节，使得面板形状可以变化以实现更均匀的面板刚度以及制造经济性。 由于面板设计和设计的整体旋转对称性，球也具有可能的形状诱导旋转。 在各种实施例中，球包括彼此的拓扑双重的至少两个多镶板，其中每个层相对于另一层提供补偿功能，使得球具有均匀的表面。 应用包括但不限于足球，棒球，篮球，网球，橄榄球和其他运动或休闲娱乐的设计。 球的形状可以是球形，椭圆形或其他弯曲的凸形。
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公开(公告)号：US20110065536A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-17
申请号：US12947219
申请日：2010-11-16
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
CPC classification number: A63B41/08 , A63B2102/02 , A63B2102/18 , A63B2243/0025 , A63B2243/0037 , A63B2243/0066
Abstract: New designs for a sports ball comprising at least two polygonal panels and having an improved performance and uniformity. Each panel has doubly-curved edges that curve along and across the surface of the sphere. The panels are p-sided curved polygons, where p is an integer greater than 1. The single panels, in an imagined flattened state, have curved edges where each edge curves inwards, outwards or undulates in a wave-like manner. The edges are arranged so each individual panel is without mirror-symmetry and the edge curvatures are adjusted so the panel shape can be varied to achieve more uniform panel stiffness as well as economy in manufacturing. The ball also has a possible shape-induced spin due to the panel design and the overall rotational symmetry of the design. In various embodiments, the ball comprises at least two multi-paneled layers that are topological duals of each other, wherein each layer provides a compensatory function with respect to the other layer such that the ball has a uniformly performing surface. Applications include but are not limited to designs for soccer balls, baseballs, basketballs, tennis balls, rugby, and other sports or recreational play. The shape of the ball can be spherical, ellipsoidal or other curved convex shapes.
Abstract translation: 包括至少两个多边形面板并具有改进的性能和均匀性的运动球的新设计。 每个面板具有双曲线的边缘，沿着并穿过球体的表面。 面板是双面弯曲多边形，其中p是大于1的整数。单个面板处于想象的平坦状态，具有弯曲边缘，其中每个边缘以波浪状的方式向内，向外或波动。 边缘被布置成使得每个单独的面板不具有镜像对称性，并且边缘曲率被调节，使得面板形状可以变化以实现更均匀的面板刚度以及制造经济性。 由于面板设计和设计的整体旋转对称性，球也具有可能的形状诱导旋转。 在各种实施例中，球包括彼此的拓扑双重的至少两个多镶板，其中每个层相对于另一层提供补偿功能，使得球具有均匀的表面。 应用包括但不限于足球，棒球，篮球，网球，橄榄球和其他运动或休闲娱乐的设计。 球的形状可以是球形，椭圆形或其他弯曲的凸形。
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公开(公告)号：US5775040A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-07
申请号：US751507
申请日：1996-11-18
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
CPC classification number: A63F9/10 , B44C3/123 , E01C5/00 , E04B1/19 , E04B1/32 , E04F15/02 , A63F2009/067 , A63F2009/0697 , E01C2201/06 , E04B1/1906 , E04B2001/1918 , E04B2001/1927 , E04B2001/1933 , E04B2001/1966 , E04B2001/1978 , E04B2001/1981 , E04B2001/3223 , E04B2001/3247 , E04B2001/3294 , Y10S52/10
Abstract: A family of non-convex and convex tiles which can be tiled together to fill a planar surface in a periodic or non-periodic manner. The tiles are derived from planar space frames composed of a plurality of regular p-sided polygonal nodes coupled by a plurality of struts. p is any odd number greater than three and an even number greater than six. The nodes and struts, along with the areas bounded by them, make up a tiling system. In addition, the lines joining the along the center lines of the struts define a large family of convex and non-convex tiles. The convex tiles include zonogons, and the non-convex tiles include tiles with one or more concave vertices including singly-concave, bi-concave (doubly-concave), multiply-concave and S-shaped tiles. The tiles can be converted to 3-dimensional space-filling blocks. When these blocks are hollow and inter-connected, architectural environments are possible. Other applications include tiles for walls, floors, and various architectural and other surfaces, environments, toys, puzzles, furniture and furnishings. Special art pieces, murals and sculptures are possible.
Abstract translation: 可以平铺在一起以周期性或非周期性方式填充平面表面的非凸凸块系列。 平铺空间框架是由多个通过多个支柱连接的多个规则的p边多边形节点组成的平面空间框架。 p是大于3的奇数，大于6的偶数。 节点和支柱以及它们所界定的区域构成一个平铺系统。 此外，沿着支柱的中心线连接的线限定了大的凸形和非凸形瓷砖系列。 凸形瓦片包括zonogons，并且非凸起的瓦片包括具有一个或多个凹形顶点的瓦片，包括单凹的，双凹的（双凹的），多凹的和S形的瓦片。 瓦片可以转换为三维空间填充块。 当这些块是中空的并且相互连接时，建筑环境是可能的。 其他应用包括墙壁，地板和各种建筑和其他表面，环境，玩具，谜题，家具和家具的瓷砖。 特殊的艺术作品，壁画和雕塑是可能的。
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公开(公告)号：US4723382A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-09
申请号：US896848
申请日：1986-08-15
Applicant: Haresh Lalvani
Inventor： Haresh Lalvani
IPC: E04B1/32
CPC classification number: E04B1/3211 , E04B2001/3276 , E04B2001/3294 , Y10S52/10
Abstract: Building structures based on polygonal members with coplanar straight edges and icosahedral symmetry. The building structures comprise a set of ten elementary polygonal members, including four triangular members and six parallelogram-shaped members, that are combined to form tetrahedral, octahedral and half-octahedral or trucated tetrahedral, cuboctahedral and truncated octahedral or rhombohedral and parallelpiped building members that in turn fill a three-dimensional space periodically or non-periodically. The orientation of the building members is such that all edges are parallel to the fifteen two-fold axes of rotation of icosahedral symmetry.
Abstract translation: 基于具有共面直边和多面体对称的多边形构件的建筑结构。 建筑结构包括一组十个基本的多边形构件，包括四个三角形构件和六个平行四边形构件，它们组合形成四面体，八面体和半八面体或四面体，八面体和截面的八面体或菱面体和平行的六面体构造构件， 反过来又会周期地或非周期性地填充三维空间。 建筑构件的取向使得所有边缘平行于二十面体对称的十五个两个旋转轴线。
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