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    1.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1547386A1

    公开(公告)日：1969-12-04

    申请号：DE1547386

    申请日：1967-03-25

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： VLADIMIR POLE ROBERT ,  WIEDER HAROLD ,  ANTHONY MYERS ROBERT

    IPC: G02B27/50 ,  G03H1/00 ,  H01S3/106 ,  H04N5/74 ,  G02B27/00

    Abstract: 1,111,027. Lasers. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION. March, 1967 [24 March, 1966], No. 9621/67. Heading H1C. [Also in Division G2] A phase modulating object 14 such as a hologram is either located within or forms part of a laser resonator, the off-axis radiation 18, 18a, 18b, 20, 20a, 20b produced by the object being projected on to an external viewing screen 34 after passing outside the extremities of a resonator mirror M1. As shown a transparent object formed with a modulated sinusoidal ripple surface 16 is contained within a resonator formed by mirrors M1, M2. The object alternatively may be of uniform thickness and have a non-uniform index of refraction. As the emission from the laser active medium 10 is focussed by lenses L1, L2 on to respective resonator mirrors, the axial modes such as the zero order modes due to the carrier sinusoidal ripple are contained within the resonator. Higher order off-axis modes due to the carrier and its modulation produce output beams focussed, for example, on points 22, 24. Since these points are outside the dimensional limits of small mirror M1 the beams are projected on to the viewing screen by a lens L3. A still smaller mirror M1 is used if the object 14 has no sinusoidal carrier ripple. Lens L1 may be omitted by using a larger mirror M1 spaced further from the object. In a modification the rippled surface of the object may be silvered and replace resonator mirror M2, in which case lens L2 is also omitted.

    2.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1639264A1

    公开(公告)日：1970-07-09

    申请号：DE1639264

    申请日：1968-01-10

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： ANTHONY MYERS ROBERT ,  WIEDER HAROLD

    IPC: H01S3/101 ,  G02F1/28

    Abstract: 1,139,970. Lasers. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 5 Jan., 1968 [13 Jan., 1967], No. 734/68. Heading H1C. A laser includes an angularly degenerate resonant cavity comprising a first reflecting surface 11 and an electro-optical element 20 presenting a second reflecting surface 21, the refractive index of a selected portion or portions of the element being variable in such a way that stimulated emission occurs from a laser active medium 10 in the cavity along a selected path or paths. Fig. 1, shows a scanner. Element 20 has a dielectric reflecting surface 22 spaced from the conducting reflective surface 21 such that the element defines an etalon normally resonant at the output wavelength of the laser. The element is formed as the face of a cathode ray tube 23 which can be controlled to direct electrons on to a selected portion of surface 22. The resulting local electric field changes the refractive index of a portion of element 20 so that it is no longer resonant near this portion. The corresponding portion of surface 21 then becomes highly reflective and forms a high- Q resonant cavity with its own image in mirror 11. All other possible modes remain in low-Q conditions and are suppressed. The initial resonant condition of element 20 is adjusted by controlling its temperature, or the initial mechanical or electrical stress applied to it. In Fig. 2 two laser cavities have a common electro-optical element 30, which is in this case normally non-resonant so that the cavities are not coupled. Laser A is pumped above its lasing threshold, whereas laser B is just below threshold. When a region of dielectric reflector 35A is selected by an electron beam from 37 or 39 the etalon becomes resonant in this region, and the two cavities are coupled for a mode which resonates in the cavity between mirrors 31A and 31B and through the " window " formed in element 30. Mirror 31B (or 31A) is partially transparent. The provision of two electron guns 37, 39 permits the performance of logic. Since the etalon formed by element has a series of transmission peaks corresponding to different electric field strengths it is possible to open a " window " with an electron beam from one gun (binary 1), to close it again with a second beam (binary 0), and re-open it with a third (binary 1), there being a delay between the placing of a charge on the element and its decay. Instead of using an electron beam the dielectric reflector 22 or 35A may be replaced by a mosaic of conductive and reflective areas, each connected individually to a voltage source.

    3.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE1918381A1

    公开(公告)日：1970-01-22

    申请号：DE1918381

    申请日：1969-04-11

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： ANTHONY MYERS ROBERT ,  VLADMIR POLE ROBERT

    IPC: H01S3/101 ,  H01S3/02

    Abstract: 1,216,825. Light deflectors. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORP. 18 March, 1969 [15 July, 1968], No. 14007/69. Heading H4F [Also in Division H1] In a laser as described in Specification 1,123,840 in which a charge produced by an electron beam on a selected area of an electrooptic crystal alters the polarization of an incident polarized light beam and so controls the direction of emitted radiation, the charge is erased by the provision of a set of reflective conductive strips which together form a resonator mirror, each strip being connected to ground through a respective leakage resistor. As shown in Fig. 1 two sets of reflective strips 19, 39 are provided, each being placed on a surface of a respective electro-optic crystal 17, 37 and forming capacitors with a transparent electrode 18, 38 coated on the opposite surface. Parallel direction-controllable reflective strips 60-69, Fig. 2, each grounded through a leakage resistor 70-79 and optionally provided with separate targets for a direction-controlled electron beam 22, 42 may be used, the two sets of strips being spatially oriented so that one set is orthogonal to the other. In a modification, Figs. 3 and 4 (not shown), one set of strips is in the form of concentric rings while the other presents a radial pattern. Associated with each electrooptic crystal is a polarizer 4, 5 and a birefringent quartz plate 15, 35, these components together with lenses 2, 3 and the strip area of each crystal on which an electron beam charge is selectively applied causing an active medium 1 such as a mercury discharge to emit a single beam 1 in a controlled direction. The leakage resistors may be photo-conductors and have their resistance lowered by energizing a lamp 131A to more rapidly remove the charge. The output is extracted by an inclined glass plate 139. In a modification, Fig. 5, a folded resonator is provided by the use of a partiallytransmitting reflector 91, a single lens 92, polarizer 93, birefringent plate 94 and electrooptic crystal 98 being required in this case. The two sets of reflective strips are formed on different zones 110, 111, Fig. 6, of the electrooptic crystal for scanning by separate electron beams 99, 100 and are orthogonally arranged.

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