Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus enabling an electronic system implemented using a field effect transistor (FET) to reduce a threshold voltage shift due to bias temperature instability (BTI). SOLUTION: The VT shift due to BTI is accumulated when a FET is in a particular voltage stress state. A number of memory elements in the electronic system store the same data over substantially the life of the system. As a result, the VT shift due to BTI significantly occurs in a FET in the memory element. An embodiment of the present invention guarantees that a specific memory element is in a first state for a first portion of the time for which the electronic system is operated, and data is stored in a first phase in the memory element for the period of time, and a specific memory element is in a second state for a second portion of the time for which the electronic system is operated, and data is stored in a second phase in the memory element for the period of time. COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI
Abstract:
A regulated on-chip substrate-voltage generator circuit converts a single power supply input and ground potential into a negative potential. The negative potential is applied to the substrate of an integrated circuit upon which the substrate-voltage generator is formed. The substrate voltage generator includes a voltage oscillator connected to a charge pump device. A pair of depletion FETs forms a voltage divider circuit between the ground potential and the substrate potential. An amplifier, formed from depletion FETs, couples the voltage divider into the charge pump. The voltage divider and amplifier regulate the charge pump thereby maintaining tight control over the substrate voltage.
Abstract:
An omnidirectional optical scanner scans bar coded labels passed relative to a rectangular scan window with a plurality of interlaced X's whereby the labels are completely scanned irrespective of their orientation.
Abstract:
An omnidirectional optical scanner scans bar coded labels passed relative to a rectangular scan window with a plurality of interlaced X's whereby the labels are completely scanned irrespective of their orientation.