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1.发明专利Portable computer device capable of flexibly interfacing, and system and method therefor 审中-公开具有灵活接口的便携式计算机设备及其系统及方法
公开(公告)号：JP2000075959A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-14
申请号：JP7802899
申请日：1999-03-23
Inventor： KARIDIS JOHN PETER , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM , SMITH RONALD ALAN , STEINBUGLER ROBERT EDWARD
CPC classification number: G06F1/1616 , G06F1/1624 , G06F1/1626 , G06F1/1632 , G06F2200/1632
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a flexible interface function and portability of a portable computer device. SOLUTION: The portable computer device capable of flexibly interfacing includes a display device 202 which is connected to a processor, which is connected or selectively connected to a keyboard 20K or/and a recording unit; and the display device 202 and keyboard 204 provide a 1st user interface for the processor. A recording unit is put over a detachable markable surface, so a user gives a mark on the markable surface with a stylus 152. The stylus 152 provides a stroke signal and a stroke mark. The recording unit, markable surface, and stylus 152 provides a 2nd user interface for the processor and the display device optionally contributes to the provision of the 2nd user interface for the processor.
Abstract translation: 要解决的问题：获得便携式计算机设备的灵活的接口功能和便携性。 解决方案：能够灵活接口的便携式计算机设备包括连接到处理器的显示设备202，处理器连接或选择性地连接到键盘20K或/和记录单元; 并且显示设备202和键盘204为处理器提供第一用户界面。 记录单元被放置在可拆卸的可标记表面上，因此用户使用触笔152在可标记表面上给出标记。触笔152提供行程信号和行程标记。 记录单元，可标记表面和触笔152为处理器提供第二用户界面，并且显示设备可选地有助于为处理器提供第二用户界面。
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公开(公告)号：DE69231309D1
公开(公告)日：2000-09-07
申请号：DE69231309
申请日：1992-09-30
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： BELLEGARDA EVELINE JEANNINE , BELLEGARDA JEROME RENE , NAHAMOO DAVID , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM
Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatic recognition of handwritten text based on a suitable representation of handwriting in one or several feature vector spaces(s), Gaussian modeling in each space, and mixture decoding to take into account the contribution of all relevant prototypes in all spaces. The feature vector space(s) is selected to encompass both a local and a global description of each appropriate point on a pen trajectory. Windowing is performed to capture broad trends in the handwriting, after which a linear transformation is applied to suitably eliminate redundancy. The resulting feature vector space(s) is called chirographic space(s). Gaussian modeling is performed to isolate adequate chirographic prototype distributions in each space, and the mixture coefficients weighting these distributions are trained using a maximum likelihood framework. Decoding can be performed simply and effectively by accumulating the contribution of all relevant prototype distributions. Post-processing using a language model may be included.
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公开(公告)号：AT242503T
公开(公告)日：2003-06-15
申请号：AT00113552
申请日：1999-02-15
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： KARIDIS JOHN PETER , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM , SMITH RONALD ALAN , STEINBUGLER ROBERT EDWARD
Abstract: A flexibly interfaceable portable computing device includes a display coupled to a processor, which is coupled or selectively coupled to either or both of a keyboard and a recording unit. The display and the keyboard provide a first user interface to the processor. The recording unit is superimposable with a removable markable surface. A stylus allows user marking on the markable surface. The stylus provides a stroke signal and a stroke mark. The recording unit, the markable surface, and the stylus provide a second user interface to the processor. Optionally, the display also contributes to providing the second user interface to the processor. Switching among viewing modes for the display, and synchronization of information between the processor and a processor of the recording unit are also provided. A casing can enfold the display, the keyboard, and the recording unit to form a relatively slim profile. A portable computer system can have a display, a keyboard, and thick components enfolded and/or located within an overall thickness substantially equal to a sum of a first thickness for the display plus a second thickness for the keyboard, to present a slim profile.
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公开(公告)号：DE69231309T2
公开(公告)日：2001-02-15
申请号：DE69231309
申请日：1992-09-30
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： BELLEGARDA EVELINE JEANNINE , BELLEGARDA JEROME RENE , NAHAMOO DAVID , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM
Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatic recognition of handwritten text based on a suitable representation of handwriting in one or several feature vector spaces(s), Gaussian modeling in each space, and mixture decoding to take into account the contribution of all relevant prototypes in all spaces. The feature vector space(s) is selected to encompass both a local and a global description of each appropriate point on a pen trajectory. Windowing is performed to capture broad trends in the handwriting, after which a linear transformation is applied to suitably eliminate redundancy. The resulting feature vector space(s) is called chirographic space(s). Gaussian modeling is performed to isolate adequate chirographic prototype distributions in each space, and the mixture coefficients weighting these distributions are trained using a maximum likelihood framework. Decoding can be performed simply and effectively by accumulating the contribution of all relevant prototype distributions. Post-processing using a language model may be included.
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公开(公告)号：DE69425412D1
公开(公告)日：2000-09-07
申请号：DE69425412
申请日：1994-10-21
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： BELLEGARDA EVELINE JEANNINE , BELLEGARDA JEROME RENE , NAHAMOO DAVID , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM
Abstract: An automatic handwriting recognition system wherein each written (chirographic) manifestation of each character is represented by a statistical model (called a hidden Markov model). The system implements a method which entails sampling a pool of independent writers and deriving a hidden Markov model for each particular character (allograph) which is independent of a particular writer. The HMMs are used to derive a chirographic label alphabet which is independent of each writer. This is accomplished during what is described as the training phase of the system. The alphabet is constructed using supervised techniques. That is, the alphabet is constructed using information learned in the training phase to adjust the result according to a statistical algorithm (such as a Viterbi alignment) to arrive at a cost efficient recognition tool. Once such an alphabet is constructed a new set of HMMs can be defined which more accurately reflects parameter typing across writers. The system recognizes handwriting by applying an efficient hierarchical decoding strategy which employs a fast match and a detailed match function, thereby making the recognition cost effective.
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：HK1021577A1
公开(公告)日：2000-06-16
申请号：HK00100525
申请日：2000-01-28
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： KARIDIS JOHN PETER , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM , SMITH RONALD ALAN , STEINBUGLER ROBERT EDWARD
Abstract: A flexibly interfaceable portable computing device includes a display coupled to a processor, which is coupled or selectively coupled to either or both of a keyboard and a recording unit. The display and the keyboard provide a first user interface to the processor. The recording unit is superimposable with a removable markable surface. A stylus allows user marking on the markable surface. The stylus provides a stroke signal and a stroke mark. The recording unit, the markable surface, and the stylus provide a second user interface to the processor. Optionally, the display also contributes to providing the second user interface to the processor. Switching among viewing modes for the display, and synchronization of information between the processor and a processor of the recording unit are also provided. A casing can enfold the display, the keyboard, and the recording unit to form a relatively slim profile. A portable computer system can have a display, a keyboard, and thick components enfolded and/or located within an overall thickness substantially equal to a sum of a first thickness for the display plus a second thickness for the keyboard, to present a slim profile.
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公开(公告)号：SG117387A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-28
申请号：SG2001019561
申请日：1999-03-10
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： KARIDIS JOHN PETER , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM , SMITH RONALD ALAN , STEINBUGLER ROBERT EDWARD
Abstract: FLEXIBLY INTERFACEABLE PORTABLE COMPUTING DEVICE A portable computer system is disclosed that comprises a display having a first thickness, the display consisting of a display element and associated display casing, the first thickness being a minimum total thickness necessary to contain only the display element in the display casing; a keyboard having a second thickness, the keyboard consisting of a keyboard element and associated keyboard casing, the second thickness being a minimum total thickness necessary to contain only the keyboard element in the keyboard casing; and a plurality of other components. The display when stacked upon the keyboard and the plurality of other components are at least one of enfoldable and locatable within a total thickness substantially equal to a sum of the first thickness and the second thickness, to present a slim profile. Fig. 40
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公开(公告)号：DE69425412T2
公开(公告)日：2001-03-08
申请号：DE69425412
申请日：1994-10-21
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： BELLEGARDA EVELINE JEANNINE , BELLEGARDA JEROME RENE , NAHAMOO DAVID , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM
Abstract: An automatic handwriting recognition system wherein each written (chirographic) manifestation of each character is represented by a statistical model (called a hidden Markov model). The system implements a method which entails sampling a pool of independent writers and deriving a hidden Markov model for each particular character (allograph) which is independent of a particular writer. The HMMs are used to derive a chirographic label alphabet which is independent of each writer. This is accomplished during what is described as the training phase of the system. The alphabet is constructed using supervised techniques. That is, the alphabet is constructed using information learned in the training phase to adjust the result according to a statistical algorithm (such as a Viterbi alignment) to arrive at a cost efficient recognition tool. Once such an alphabet is constructed a new set of HMMs can be defined which more accurately reflects parameter typing across writers. The system recognizes handwriting by applying an efficient hierarchical decoding strategy which employs a fast match and a detailed match function, thereby making the recognition cost effective.
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公开(公告)号：DE69424196T2
公开(公告)日：2000-12-21
申请号：DE69424196
申请日：1994-01-12
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： BELLEGARDA JEROME RENE , NAHAMOO DAVID , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM
Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for recognizing handwritten characters in response to an input signal from a handwriting transducer. A feature extraction and reduction procedure is disclosed that relies on static or shape information, wherein the temporal order in which points are captured by an electronic tablet may be disregarded. A method of the invention generates and processes the tablet data with three independent sets of feature vectors which encode the shape information of the input character information. These feature vectors include horizontal (x-axis) and vertical (y-axis) slices of a bit-mapped image of the input character data, and an additional feature vector to encode an absolute y-axis displacement from a baseline of the bit-mapped image. It is shown that the recognition errors that result from the spatial or static processing are quite different from those resulting from temporal or dynamic processing. Furthermore, it is shown that these differences complement one another. As a result, a combination of these two sources of feature vector information provides a substantial reduction in an overall recognition error rate. Methods to combine probability scores from dynamic and the static character models are also disclosed.
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公开(公告)号：DE69424196D1
公开(公告)日：2000-06-08
申请号：DE69424196
申请日：1994-01-12
Applicant: IBM
Inventor： BELLEGARDA JEROME RENE , NAHAMOO DAVID , NATHAN KRISHNA SUNDARAM
Abstract: Methods and apparatus are disclosed for recognizing handwritten characters in response to an input signal from a handwriting transducer. A feature extraction and reduction procedure is disclosed that relies on static or shape information, wherein the temporal order in which points are captured by an electronic tablet may be disregarded. A method of the invention generates and processes the tablet data with three independent sets of feature vectors which encode the shape information of the input character information. These feature vectors include horizontal (x-axis) and vertical (y-axis) slices of a bit-mapped image of the input character data, and an additional feature vector to encode an absolute y-axis displacement from a baseline of the bit-mapped image. It is shown that the recognition errors that result from the spatial or static processing are quite different from those resulting from temporal or dynamic processing. Furthermore, it is shown that these differences complement one another. As a result, a combination of these two sources of feature vector information provides a substantial reduction in an overall recognition error rate. Methods to combine probability scores from dynamic and the static character models are also disclosed.
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