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    Stabilization of probability estimates by conditioning on prior decisions of a given context
    1.
    发明专利
    Stabilization of probability estimates by conditioning on prior decisions of a given context 未知

    公开(公告)号：SG43725A1

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-14

    申请号：SG1996000221

    申请日：1994-04-16

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： PENNEBAKER WILLIAM BOONE

    IPC: G06T9/00 ,  H04N1/41 ,  H03M7/40 ,  H04N1/411

    Abstract: A system and method involving a statistical conditioning technique that improves the coding efficiency in compression systems which have unstable statistical properties by conditioning the probability estimate for a given model context on prior decisions for that context thus enlarging the conditioning decision set. Instead of extending the model context by increasing the range of prior decisions in the pixel neighborhood, each model context is expanded into a set of two contexts which are the actual coding contexts. For a given probability estimation model context, the selection of a coding context index is done on the basis of the previous coding decision (1 or 0) for that model context. Thus, if a model context is assigned an index A, the coding context would be assigned an index 2*A + D(A)', where D(A)' is the previous (immediately preceding) binary decision for model context A; the decision of which coding context to use turns on whether the model context was used most recently for coding a 1 or a 0. More generally, each model context index A is expanded into a set of 2**N coding context indices, where N is the number of previous decisions for model context index A used in the conditioning of, for example, an arithmetic coding decision. The addressing of the context expansion can be done in any way which expands the total number of contexts by a factor of 2**N. The index for a case where the expansion is by one decision bit may be 2*A + D(A)', whereas in the case where the expansion is by two decision bits the index may be 4*A + 2*D(A)' + D(A)''.

    3.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE3582701D1

    公开(公告)日：1991-06-06

    申请号：DE3582701

    申请日：1985-06-11

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： ANDERSON KAREN LOUISE ,  MITCHELL JOAN LA VERNE ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM BOONE ,  GOERTZEL GERALD

    IPC: G06F3/153 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H03M7/46 ,  H04N1/41 ,  H04N1/419

    Abstract: A method for converting an image from a bit map to a run end or run length representation includes the steps of : storing the image as a bit map representation; accessing for each byte in an image by a look-up table a selected routine, corresponding to such byte, from a number of routines for converting bit strings to run representations, wherein the look-up table accessed is selected in accordance with a color value of a preceding pixel binary bit; and executing the selected routine on the current byte to convert the bit string to a run representation; storing in a run representation buffer, as a count value, each run representation; repeating the above steps of accessing and executing for each byte and storing for each run of continuous color to the end of the image.

    4.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE3483951D1

    公开(公告)日：1991-02-21

    申请号：DE3483951

    申请日：1984-11-06

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： MITCHELL JOAN LA VERNE ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM BOONE

    IPC: H04N1/403 ,  G06T1/20 ,  G06T3/40 ,  G06T5/00 ,  H04N1/40 ,  H04N1/41

    Abstract: Data compression, resolution and coding efficiency of graphic text or line image data is achieved by eliminating transitions between gray levels at edges in an image, converting all gray levels to a common value to achieve a 3 level representation of the image, and reversibly converting the 3 level representation to a bilevel double resolution representation by increasing the data sampling rate and therefore allowing the use of two level data compression techniques. A high resoluton display or printed output may be obtained from the bilevel multiresolution representation,

    5.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：IT1165407B

    公开(公告)日：1987-04-22

    申请号：IT2824979

    申请日：1979-12-20

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： PENNEBAKER WILLIAM BOONE

    IPC: B41J2/245 ,  B41J2/22 ,  B41J2/425 ,  B41J25/00 ,  H04N1/23 ,  B41J

    Abstract: A body, which oscillates or vibrates at resonance, is suspended from a support structure so that it has spatially linear motion along an axis for a relatively short distance. The body has two connected portions spaced from each other along the axis of motion of the body with each portion connected by leaf springs to a separate intermediate frame. The two intermediate frames are preferably disposed on opposite sides of the axis of motion of the body and connected by additional leaf springs to a main frame, which is suspended by leaf springs from a normally stationary support. If desired, the two intermediate frames may be driven out of phase with each other with one in phase with the body so that the body has a predetermined path different than spatially linear motion without materially affecting the amplitude of motion of the body along its axis of motion.

    SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENT FOR A BODY VIBRATING AT RESONANCE FREQUENCY
    6.
    发明专利
    SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENT FOR A BODY VIBRATING AT RESONANCE FREQUENCY 未知

    公开(公告)号：DE2965539D1

    公开(公告)日：1983-07-07

    申请号：DE2965539

    申请日：1979-11-27

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： PENNEBAKER WILLIAM BOONE

    IPC: B41J2/245 ,  B41J2/22 ,  B41J2/425 ,  B41J25/00 ,  H04N1/23 ,  B41J3/10 ,  B41J19/14

    Abstract: A body, which oscillates or vibrates at resonance, is suspended from a support structure so that it has spatially linear motion along an axis for a relatively short distance. The body has two connected portions spaced from each other along the axis of motion of the body with each portion connected by leaf springs to a separate intermediate frame. The two intermediate frames are preferably disposed on opposite sides of the axis of motion of the body and connected by additional leaf springs to a main frame, which is suspended by leaf springs from a normally stationary support. If desired, the two intermediate frames may be driven out of phase with each other with one in phase with the body so that the body has a predetermined path different than spatially linear motion without materially affecting the amplitude of motion of the body along its axis of motion.

    9.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：DE3381696D1

    公开(公告)日：1990-08-02

    申请号：DE3381696

    申请日：1983-03-04

    Applicant: IBM

    Inventor： MITCHELL JOAN LAVERNE ,  PENNEBAKER WILLIAM BOONE

    IPC: H04N7/32 ,  G06T7/20 ,  G06T9/00 ,  H04N7/36 ,  H04N7/13

    Abstract: in an image processing system, a method is shown for efficiently transmitting data representing picutre information in fields subsequent to a first field and for suppressing motion induced flicker in the processed image. Using previously processed first field data which is used to predict values for picture elements in subsequent fields, a gradient value is calculated which indicates relative picture activity. A difference value for the picture elements in the subsequent fields is calculated and is limited in magnitude by the gradient value for each picture element. The limited difference value is encoded as a function of previous difference value and transmitted to a remote location for decoding and picture reconstruction and display.

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