Abstract:
An improved process for the hydrolysis of nylon polymer is herein disclosed using ionic liquids and optionally one equivalent of sulfuric acid per amide residue of the polymer. The process provides for a simplified means for separation of the hydrolyzed polyamide constituent monomers.
Abstract:
A nickel particulate form is provided that efficiently forms a zero-valent nickel complex with a phosphorus-containing ligands in an organic liquid to form a hydrocyanation catalyst. Particles in the nickel particulate form comprise nickel crystallites. The nickel particulate form has a BET Specific Surface Area of at least about 1 m /g and an average crystallite size no greater than about 100 nm. The nickel particulate form further has a sulfur content of at least 0.1 wt.%. Test procedures for use within a possible preparation sequence, complexes with, in particular, bidentate phosphorus-containing ligands, e.g. bis-phosphite Ligand (V), their preparation and use in hydrocyanation of, in particular; olefins, such as 3-pentenenitrile, are also provided.
Abstract:
As described herein, nickel treated with sulfur provides an effective source of nickel atoms for generating nickel-phosphorus-containing Iigand complexes, in particular with bisphosphites, which are useful as olefin hydrocyanation catalysts, especially in ADN production.
Abstract:
The disclosures herein provide a process for conducting a nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction in an ionic liquid and forming a polymeric material.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an ionic liquid: wherein: n is 1 or 2; R1 is selected from H and (C1-C6)alkyl; R2 is selected from —(CH2)wO[(CH2)xO(CH2)y]m(CH2)zCH3 and wherein w is 1 to 6, x is 1 to 6, y is 0 to 6, z is 0 to 6, m is 0 to 3 and [w+m(x+y)+z] is less than or equal to 12; and R3 is selected from H and methyl, wherein if n is 1 then R3 is methyl, and if n is 2 then R3 is H. Also disclosed are electrochemical devices and devices employing such electrochemical devices as energy sources.
Abstract:
A process for the simultaneous or sequential production in the same reaction zone of two or more dicarboxylic acids selected from orthophthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid comprising contacting simultaneously or sequentially in the presence of a catalyst, one or more precursors of each of at least two dicarboxylic acids selected from orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid with an oxidant, such contact being effected with said precursors and the oxidant in an aqueous solvent comprising water under supercritical conditions or near supercritical conditions close to the supercritical point is disclosed. In preferred embodiments, the process is for the simultaneous or sequential production in the same reaction zone of orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid.
Abstract:
A process for the simultaneous or sequential production in the same reaction zone of two or more dicarboxylic acids selected from orthophthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid comprising contacting simultaneously or sequentially in the presence of a catalyst, one or more precursors of each of at least two dicarboxylic acids selected from orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid with an oxidant, such contact being effected with said precursors and the oxidant in an aqueous solvent comprising water under supercritical conditions or near supercritical conditions close to the supercritical point is disclosed. In preferred embodiments, the process is for the simultaneous or sequential production in the same reaction zone of orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid.
Abstract:
A process for the simultaneous or sequential production in the same reaction zone of two or more dicarboxylic acids selected from orthophthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid comprising contacting simultaneously or sequentially in the presence of a catalyst, one or more precursors of each of at least two dicarboxylic acids selected from orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid with an oxidant, such contact being effected with said precursors and the oxidant in an aqueous solvent comprising water under supercritical conditions or near supercritical conditions close to the supercritical point is disclosed. In preferred embodiments, the process is for the simultaneous or sequential production in the same reaction zone of orthophthalic acid, terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid.