公开(公告)号：US5751787A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-12

申请号：US719225

申请日：1996-09-25

Applicant: Zhenxue Jing ,  James K. Walker

Inventor： Zhenxue Jing ,  James K. Walker

IPC: G03B42/02

CPC classification number: G03B42/02

Abstract: This invention pertains to novel methods of radiography and novel screen-film cassettes with wide exposure latitude and/or high film contrast for use in radiography. The materials and methods of the subject invention can be used in mammography. In a specific example, this invention concerns the design of novel screen-film cassettes which can use at least one phosphor screen and multiple x-ray films in a single cassette. When used in mammography, this novel design enables additional breast images to be obtained on the faster, or slower, speed film from the same x-ray exposure used to produce a normal breast image on the normal speed film. These additional breast images provide high contrast information on the dense regions of the breast and in the edge areas of the compressed breast. These dense regions currently cause many missed diagnoses in breast cancer screening. The use of this novel multi-screen, multi-film cassette in mammography has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy in breast cancer detection, and simultaneously reduce patient breast glandular dose by eliminating unnecessary exposure due to film retake. Obtaining multiple film images of the same object from a single x-ray exposure can apply to many areas of medical and industrial radiography.

公开(公告)号：US20140224993A1

公开(公告)日：2014-08-14

申请号：US14130050

申请日：2012-06-29

Applicant: Youngwook Noh ,  Richard T. Farley ,  James K. Walker

Inventor： Youngwook Noh ,  Richard T. Farley ,  James K. Walker

IPC: G01T1/20 ,  G01T1/203 ,  G01T1/204 ,  G01T3/06

CPC classification number: G01T1/204 ,  C09K9/02 ,  C09K2211/1007 ,  C09K2211/1011 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1088 ,  G01T1/203 ,  G01T3/06

Abstract: Embodiments pertain to a method and apparatus for detection of radiation. Embodiments relate to the detection of fast and/or thermal neutrons. Embodiments are directed to detection of neutrons in high backgrounds of gamma rays. Embodiments can have high sensitivity and/or high gamma discrimination. Embodiments can include a given single material that can detect fast neutrons and simultaneously detect gamma rays with moderate energy resolution. Embodiments pertain to liquid, viscous liquid, gel, and/or solid scintillating materials. Embodiments relate to a scintillating matrix, such as a liquid, having a highly polar matrix, such as a liquid solvent, dissolved dyes, and a high concentration of a dissolved organo metallic compound. The use of a single material for a large area detector of fast neutrons and gamma rays can provide material and cost benefits.

Abstract translation: 实施例涉及用于检测辐射的方法和装置。 实施例涉及快速和/或热中子的检测。 实施例涉及伽马射线高背景中的中子的检测。 实施例可以具有高灵敏度和/或高伽马鉴别。 实施例可以包括可以检测快中子并且以中等能量分辨率同时检测伽马射线的给定单一材料。 实施例涉及液体，粘稠液体，凝胶和/或固体闪烁材料。 实施例涉及具有高极性基质如液体溶剂，溶解染料和高浓度溶解的有机金属化合物的闪烁基质，例如液体。 对于快速中子和γ射线的大面积检测器使用单一材料可以提供材料和成本优势。

公开(公告)号：US06267915B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US08929160

申请日：1997-09-12

Applicant: Chang-Won Park ,  James K. Walker

Inventor： Chang-Won Park ,  James K. Walker

IPC: B29D1100

CPC classification number: B29D11/00682 ,  B29C47/0014 ,  B29C47/24

Abstract: The present invention is a continuous process of producing an object with radially-varying material properties. These objects can be cylindrical forms made from polymeric materials. This process requires a novel device. The device can be used to produce high bandwidth gradient-index plastic optical fiber (GRIN-POF). This fiber is highly advantageous for use in high speed local area networks (LANs) as well as other short-range optical communication applications. The device can also be used to produce GRIN lenses which can be used in the focusing and transmission of images.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种生产具有径向变化材料特性的物体的连续方法。 这些物体可以是由聚合材料制成的圆柱形形状。 这个过程需要一个新颖的设备。 该器件可用于生产高带宽梯度折射率塑料光纤（GRIN-POF）。 该光纤对于用于高速局域网（LAN）以及其他短距离光通信应用是非常有利的。 该设备还可用于生产可用于图像聚焦和传输的GRIN透镜。

公开(公告)号：US20140093690A1

公开(公告)日：2014-04-03

申请号：US13985793

申请日：2012-05-31

Applicant: Youngwook Noh ,  Richard T. Farley ,  James K. Walker

Inventor： Youngwook Noh ,  Richard T. Farley ,  James K. Walker

IPC: G03F7/00 ,  B01L3/00

CPC classification number: G03F7/0037 ,  B01L3/50857 ,  B33Y10/00 ,  B33Y30/00 ,  B33Y70/00 ,  G03F7/2055 ,  Y10T428/24479

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to microfabrication of three dimensional polymeric structures incorporating a large number of identical elements each having one or more materials. In specific embodiments, the structures are large area fiber optic plates and associated structures, wherein the fibers are precisely located relative to each other and can serve as optical readout, such as optical readout for high density microarrays of biomaterial and other chemicals or pharmaceuticals. A three-dimensional fiber optic plate can be fabricated by a lithographic process in which a 2D solid slice is produced by exposing a 2D layer of photocurable liquid to ultraviolet light. The cured layer is lowered and the process is repeated to build the plate layer by layer.

Abstract translation: 本发明的实施方案涉及包含大量相同元素的三维聚合物结构的微细加工，每种元素均具有一种或多种材料。 在具体实施例中，结构是大面积的光纤板和相关联的结构，其中纤维相对于彼此精确地定位，并且可以用作光学读出，例如生物材料和其它化学品或药物的高密度微阵列的光学读出。 可以通过光刻工艺制造三维光纤板，其中通过将二维可光固化液体层暴露于紫外光而产生2D固体切片。 固化层降低，重复该过程以逐层地形成。

公开(公告)号：US06892011B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-10

申请号：US10016841

申请日：2001-12-14

Applicant: James K. Walker ,  Jacob R. Tymianski ,  Yongcheng Li ,  Bongsoo Lee ,  Jonathan Couch

Inventor： James K. Walker ,  Jacob R. Tymianski ,  Yongcheng Li ,  Bongsoo Lee ,  Jonathan Couch

IPC: B29C47/02 ,  B29C47/06 ,  B29C69/02 ,  B29D11/00 ,  D01D5/34 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/08 ,  G02B6/25 ,  G02B6/04

CPC classification number: B29D11/00663 ,  B29C47/0014 ,  B29C47/0019 ,  B29C47/0021 ,  B29C47/0038 ,  B29C47/0047 ,  B29C47/0057 ,  B29C47/027 ,  B29C47/065 ,  B29C47/145 ,  B29K2025/00 ,  B29K2033/12 ,  B29K2069/00 ,  B29K2105/0085 ,  B29L2007/008 ,  B29L2011/0075 ,  D01D5/34 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/08 ,  G02B6/25

Abstract: This invention concerns a method and apparatus for manufacturing a sheet and a two-dimensional matrix of plastic optical fibers. The fibers may be of the step-index or graded-index type. Co-extrusion through a specially designed die is used to produce a sheet composed of a fiber array. The fiber sheet (ribbon) can be used for transmitting optical signals. These arrays may also be stacked and fused at high temperatures to form the two-dimensional matrix required for many applications such as large area image transfer. In addition, a high-speed, continuous manufacturing method is disclosed to produce a massive two-dimensional matrix of fibers. The method of manufacture permits high quality image transfer at low manufacturing cost in a wide array of geometries.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于制造片材和塑料光纤的二维矩阵的方法和装置。 纤维可以是阶梯折射率或渐变折射率类型。 通过专门设计的模具进行共挤出，用于生产由纤维阵列组成的片材。 纤维片（带）可用于传输光信号。 这些阵列也可以在高温下堆叠和熔化，以形成许多应用所需的二维矩阵，例如大面积图像转印。 此外，公开了一种高速，连续的制造方法来生产大量的二维纤维矩阵。 制造方法允许以各种几何形状的低制造成本进行高质量的图像转印。

公开(公告)号：US5881195A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-09

申请号：US725780

申请日：1996-10-04

Applicant: James K. Walker

Inventor： James K. Walker

IPC: G02B6/028 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B23/26

CPC classification number: G02B6/02038 ,  G02B23/26 ,  G02B6/06 ,  G02B6/03633

Abstract: The present invention is an image guide which has applications in such areas as endoscopy and industrial imaging. This invention utilizes gradient-index optical fiber in order to produce an image guide with improved performance characteristics. These improved performance characteristics include increased brightness, enhanced resolution, greater flexibility, and smaller diameter. The smaller diameter of the image guide permits access through smaller apertures in order to image inaccessible locations.

Abstract translation: 本发明是在内窥镜检查和工业成像等领域中具有应用的图像引导件。 本发明利用梯度折射率光纤以产生具有改进的性能特征的图像引导。 这些改进的性能特征包括增加亮度，提高分辨率，更大的灵活性和更小的直径。 图像引导件的较小直径允许通过较小的孔进入，以便成像不可接近的位置。

公开(公告)号：US5606638A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-25

申请号：US579636

申请日：1995-12-26

Applicant: Jacob R. Tymianski ,  James K. Walker

Inventor： Jacob R. Tymianski ,  James K. Walker

IPC: G01T1/203 ,  G02B1/04 ,  G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B1/046 ,  G01T1/203 ,  G02B6/02033

Abstract: A class of polycyclic aromatic compounds containing at least two fused rings, is used to produce very bright liquid or plastic scintillators. When a member of this class, such as pyrene, is added at high concentration to a liquid or polymeric organic solvent, scintillation light output may be increased by between 40 and 100% as compared to existing commercial scintillating compositions. These new bright scintillator compositions can be used in scintillating optical fibers and plates made therefrom. These new scintillating optical fiber plates are particularly useful for diagnostic medical X-ray detection, and superior spatial resolution particle detection and measurement of high energy particles and radiation.

Abstract translation: 一类含有至少两个稠环的多环芳族化合物用于生产非常亮的液体或塑料闪烁体。 当这种类别的成员（例如芘）以高浓度添加到液体或聚合有机溶剂时，与现有的商业闪烁组合物相比，闪烁光输出可以增加40至100％。 这些新的亮闪烁体组合物可以用于闪烁的光纤和由其制成的板。 这些新的闪烁光纤板对于诊断医学X射线检测和优异的空间分辨率粒子检测和高能量粒子和辐射的测量特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US5110500A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-05

申请号：US492452

申请日：1990-03-13

Applicant: James K. Walker

Inventor： James K. Walker

IPC: G01T1/203

CPC classification number: G01T1/203

Abstract: A plastic scintillator useful for detecting ionizing radiation comprising a matrix which comprises an optically transparent polysiloxane having incorporated therein at least one ionizing radiation-hard fluor capable of converting electromagnetic energy produced in the polysiloxane upon absorption of ionizing radiation to detectable light.

Abstract translation: 一种用于检测电离辐射的塑料闪烁体，包括基质，该基质包括光学透明的聚硅氧烷，其中掺入至少一种电离辐射 - 硬质氟，其能够在将电离辐射吸收到可检测的光时将聚硅氧烷中产生的电磁能转化。

公开(公告)号：US6158888A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-12

申请号：US75670

申请日：1998-05-11

Applicant: James K. Walker ,  Zhenxue Jing

Inventor： James K. Walker ,  Zhenxue Jing

IPC: G03B42/02

CPC classification number: G03B42/02

Abstract: This invention pertains to novel methods of radiography and novel screen-film cassettes with wide exposure latitude and/or high film contrast for use in radiography. The materials and methods of the subject invention can be used in mammography. In a specific example, this invention concerns the design of novel screen-film cassettes which can use at least one phosphor screen and multiple x-ray films in a single cassette. When used in mammography, this novel design enables additional breast images to be obtained on the faster, or slower, speed film from the same x-ray exposure used to produce a normal breast image on the normal speed film. These additional breast images provide high contrast information on the dense regions of the breast and in the edge areas of the compressed breast. These dense regions currently cause many missed diagnoses in breast cancer screening. The use of this novel multi-screen, multi-film cassette in mammography has the potential to improve the diagnostic accuracy in breast cancer detection, and simultaneously reduce patient breast glandular dose by eliminating unnecessary exposure due to film retake. Obtaining multiple film images of the same object from a single x-ray exposure can apply to many areas of medical and industrial radiography.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于放射照相术的新型放射摄影方法和具有宽曝光宽容度和/或高胶片对比度的新型屏幕胶片盒。 本发明的材料和方法可用于乳房X线照相术。 在具体示例中，本发明涉及可以在单个盒中使用至少一个荧光屏和多个X射线胶片的新型屏幕胶片盒的设计。 当用于乳房X线照相术时，这种新颖的设计使得可以在用于在正常速度胶片上产生正常乳房图像的相同x射线曝光的更快或更慢的速度胶片上获得额外的乳房图像。 这些额外的乳房图像在乳房的密集区域和压缩乳房的边缘区域中提供高对比度信息。 目前这些密集区域在乳腺癌筛查中引起许多漏诊。 在乳腺X线照相术中使用这种新颖的多屏幕多层胶片具有提高乳腺癌检测诊断准确性的潜力，同时通过消除由于膜再次引起的不必要的暴露而同时降低患者的乳腺剂量。 从单次X射线曝光获得同一物体的多个胶片图像可以应用于医疗和工业射线照相的许多领域。

公开(公告)号：US6115523A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-05

申请号：US725779

申请日：1996-10-04

Applicant: Won Young Choi ,  Dietrich Gravenstein ,  Samsun Lampotang ,  Richard Melker ,  James K. Walker

Inventor： Won Young Choi ,  Dietrich Gravenstein ,  Samsun Lampotang ,  Richard Melker ,  James K. Walker

IPC: A61B1/04 ,  A61B1/267 ,  A61B1/273 ,  G02B6/06

CPC classification number: A61B1/2676 ,  A61B1/0017 ,  A61B1/07 ,  A61B1/042

Abstract: The subject invention pertains to a system for imaging the human airway having highly advantageous optical and physical characteristics. In a specific embodiment, the human airway can be imaged during the intubation procedure. The excellent characteristics of the imaging system of the subject invention result, in part, from the use of plastic optic fibers. Plastic fibers are more robust than the glass optical fibers used in currently available imaging systems, and are therefore capable of being bent and/or twisted with less concern of breakage. In addition, the lower costs of plastic fibers enables scopes of the subject invention, in a specific embodiment, to be manufactured for single patient use thereby eliminating the requirement for cleaning, special care, the maintenance of expensive inventory, and most importantly eliminating the opportunity for cross contamination between patients. A further aspect of the subject invention concerns a novel sheath which covers the portion of the imaging system which enters the patient. In this case, the sheath and its optional associated fiber optic illumination is disposable after each use.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于对具有非常有利的光学和物理特性的人气道成像的系统。 在一个具体实施例中，人气道可以在插管过程中成像。 本发明的成像系统的优异特征部分地导致使用塑料光纤。 塑料纤维比当前可用的成像系统中使用的玻璃光纤更坚固，因此能够在较少的断裂的情况下弯曲和/或扭曲。 此外，由于塑料纤维的成本较低，在一个具体实施例中，本发明的范围能够为单个患者使用而制造，从而消除了对清洁，特别护理，维护昂贵库存的要求，最重要的是消除了机会 用于患者之间的交叉污染。 本发明的另一方面涉及一种新颖的护套，其覆盖进入患者的成像系统的部分。 在这种情况下，护套和其可选的相关联的光纤照明在每次使用之后是一次性的。