Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing an extruded plastic product, the apparatus comprising at least one rotor (1) and at least one stator (2, 3) with a feed gap (4) provided between them, a groove (7) being situated on the other side of the feed gap (4), the groove pressing the material to be extruded out of the apparatus when the rotor (1) is rotated. The cross section of the groove (7) remains substantially unchanged. At the opposite side of the feed gap (4) there is positioned a countergroove (8) in such a way that a processing cavity consisting of the grooves (7), the countergrooves (8) and the clearance between them decreases at least partially continuously along the axis of the extruder. The deformation energy of the material can thus be kept as small as possible due to the unchanging cross section of the groove (7), and the material stays in the groove (7) due to the placement of the flights (7a, 8a). The material is made to move rotatably, which enables the manufacture of a laminar plastic product (11). Further, materials that would otherwise be difficult to process can also be extruded effectively.
Abstract:
An extruder according to the invention comprises at least two annular conical feed gaps (9) one within the other, formed between a rotatable rotor (1) and a stator (4, 5). At least some of the material to be extruded is subjected in the different feed gaps (9) of the extruder alternately to a higher pressure and then to a lower pressure. The rotor (1) or stator (4, 5) between the feed gaps (9) can then be balanced such that the pressure effect provides a hydrodynamic bearing, whereby, when the extruder is used, even at worst a very small force is exerted on the other bearings of the rotor (1) or stator (4, 5). By the method of the invention, a product can also be produced which contains cross-linked and at least partly oriented polyethylene.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of making a plastic optical fibre, in which method plastic materials with suitable optical properties are fed into an extrusion apparatus so as to form a multilayer structure where the refractive index decreases gradually in a controlled manner from the inside outwards. The invention also relates to a plastic optical fibre. In order to provide flexible and continuous manufacture and a wideband fibre, the extrusion apparatus consists of at least one multilayer conical extruder unit (1) which produces a product where the layers are formed without weld lines, are symmetrical and adhere well to each other. The number of the layers may also be high.
Abstract:
An extrusion apparatus and method, and a tubular product and a pipe made of several different materials. The extrusion apparatus according to the invention comprises at least one stator (1, 6, 10), at least one rotor (2, 2a, 2b), and at least one annular feed gap (3) situated between the stator (1, 6, 10) and the rotor (2, 2a, 2b). The diameter of the feed gap (3) decreases at least partly continuously in the direction of flow of the plastic material to be extruded, and its diameter also increases continuously at least at a section of its length in the aforementioned direction of flow. With such a construction, the pressure acting on the structure of the extrusion apparatus can be considerably balanced, i.e. the apparatus can be made more durable. The invention also relates to a tubular product and a pipe made of several different materials.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for sound processing, where sound is attenuated by measuring it and by producing with an actuator a sound field of opposite sign in view of the original sound field. A desired value signal (I) is supplied to the actuator which reproduces the signal. To the actuator is attached a sensor, measuring sound pressure, and the difference of the sensor signal (B) and the desired value signal (I) is applied as high gain feedback to the actuator. As a consequence, sound not pertaining to the desired value signal (I) can be attenuated in a simple manner, and sound in accordance with the desired value signal (I) can be produced simultaneously with the same apparatus.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for sound processing, where sound is attenuated by measuring it and by producing with an actuator a sound field of opposite sign in view of the original sound field. A desired value signal (I) is supplied to the actuator which reproduces the signal. To the actuator is attached a sensor, measuring sound pressure, and the difference of the sensor signal (B) and the desired value signal (I) is applied as high gain feedback to the actuator. As a consequence, sound not pertaining to the desired value signal (I) can be attenuated in a simple manner, and sound in accordance with the desired value signal (I) can be produced simultaneously with the same apparatus.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for sound processing, where sound is attenuated by measuring it and by producing with an actuator a sound field of opposite sign in view of the original sound field. A desired value signal (I) is supplied to the actuator which reproduces the signal. To the actuator is attached a sensor, measuring sound pressure, and the difference of the sensor signal (B) and the desired value signal (I) is applied as high gain feedback to the actuator. As a consequence, sound not pertaining to the desired value signal (I) can be attenuated in a simple manner, and sound in accordance with the desired value signal (I) can be produced simultaneously with the same apparatus.