Abstract:
A structured fluid composition comprising: (a) a low refractive index liquid (104); (b) particles (100) including light absorbing charged particles such as pigments, non-light absorbing uncharged particles such as teflon, silica, alumina and combinations thereof; and (c) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of a dispersant, a charging agent, a surfactant, a flocculating agent, a polymer, and combination thereof; for use in a TIR electronic display. The inventive composition improves the long-term stability, response time and visible appearance of image displays which electrophoretically frustrate total internal reflection (TIR).
Abstract:
A process for separating a hydrophobic hydrocarbon chemical from an aqueous emulsion and recycling the majority of the water, co-solvents, salts, and the emulsifier is set forth. A preferred emulsifier is a salt of a carboxylic acid, phosphoric acid or sulfonic acid having an amine in the hydrophobic portion of the emulsifier, said amine being capable of being protonated to change (increase) the water solubility of the entire emulsifier molecule. The process is useful for soil remediation by extraction in that it facilitates the recycling of the water and emulsifier dramatically reducing the amount of water and emulsifier used in remediating a site. A method for remediating contaminated soil using the process is also set forth.
Abstract:
A method for remediating soil which is contaminated by one or more hydrophob ic organic chemicals, comprising: contacting the contaminated soil with an aqueous composition comprising a surfactant prepared by reacting an alkenylsuccinic anhydride or acid with an amine acid or salt of an amine aci d; whereby at least a portion of said hydrophobic organic chemical becomes associated with said aqueous composition.