Abstract:
In column domain dictionary compression, column values in one or more columns are tokenized by a single dictionary. The domain of the dictionary is the entire set of columns. A dictionary may not only map a token to a tokenized value, but also to a count ("token count") of the number of occurrences of the token and corresponding tokenized value in the dictionary's domain. Such information may be used to compute queries on the base table.
Abstract:
A database is stored as a plurality of database shards in a distributed database grid comprising a plurality of grid elements, each including a mid-tier database system. A first grid element receives, from an application executing in the same memory as a mid-tier database system of the first grid element, a first database transaction including at least one database operation on specific data stored in a first database shard that belongs to the first grid element. The first grid element performs and commits the first database transaction without participation of another grid element. The first grid element receives a second database transaction that requires access to another database shard that does not belong to the first grid element. Multiple grid elements of the plurality of grid elements perform the second database transaction and commit the second database transaction using a two-phase commit protocol.
Abstract:
In an in-memory database management system, non-volatile random access memories (NVRAMs) are used to store database data and control data. Because this data is stored in NVRAM, the data survives system failures. Recovery from a system failure may be accomplished more quickly by modifying the surviving data in NVRAM, rather than loading a checkpoint and applying uncheckpointed transactions needed to synchronize the database. Because in this form of recovery the database state that serves as the starting point for applying change records is stored in the NVRAM, this form of recovery is referred to herein as in-memory-based recovery.