Abstract:
AN ESSENTIALLY NONAQUEOUS, THIXOTROPIC EMULSION OF (1) AN EMULSIFIABLE OIL AND (2) A NONOILY, NONAQUEOUS MATERIAL, THE EMULSION CONTAINING IN THE INTERNAL PHASE AT LEAST 80% OIL BY VOLUME OF THE TOTAL EMULSIONS; METHODS OF PREPARING THE EMULSION; AND USES THEREFOR, PARTICULARLY AS FUELS, INCLUDING THEIR USE AS A SOURCE OF POWER IN ENGINES NORMALLY CAPABLE OF BURNING THE OIL PHASE, SUCH AS IN JET, ROCKET, DIESEL, ETC., ENGINES INCLUDING FUEL INJECTIONN ENGINES, SUCH AS AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE, FOR EXAMPLE EMPLOYED IN LANDCRAFT, WATERCRAFT, AIRCRAFT, ETC.
Abstract:
A process of transporting bulk solids such as bulk chemicals, grains, coal, ores, etc. through enclosed channels or ducts, such as pipes or pipelines, which is characterized by moving, such as by pumping, insoluble bulk solids suspended in a pseudo-plastic fluid exhibiting non-Newtonian viscosity properties, as exemplified by thixotropic emulsions, through such enclosed channels.
Abstract:
A CONTINUOUS PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF THIXOTROPIC HIGH-INTERNAL-PHASE-RATIO EMULSIONS, HAVING NONNEWTONIAN FLOW PROPERTIES, WHICH IS CHARACTERIZED BY INTRODUCING INTO A PREFORMED EMULSION OF APPROXIMATELY THE SAME CHARACTER AS THE DESIRED EMULSION BOTH THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PHASES OF THE EMULSION IN THE PRESENCE OF AN EMULSIFIER IN SUCH PROPORTIONS SO AS TO PRODUCE THE DESIRED EMULSION WHILE MAINTAINING THE EMULSIFIED MASS IN A STATE OF CONTINUOUS SHEAR SUFFICIENT TO REDUCE THE EFFECTIVE VISCOSITY OF THE EMULSIFIED MASS NEAR TO THAT OF THE INTRODUCED PHASES BUT NOT ABOVE THE INHERENT SHEAR STABILITY POINT OF THE DESIRED EMULSION, AND WITHDRAWING THE PREPARED EMULSION AT THE DESIRED RATE.