Abstract:
A composition and a process for using the composition in a selective hydrogenation of a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon such as, for example, an alkyne or diolefin, to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon such as, for example, an alkene or a monoolefin, are disclosed. The composition comprising palladium, silver, and a spinel wherein the palladium and silver are each present in a sufficient amount to effect the selective hydrogenation of an unsaturated hydrocarbon. Optionally, the palladium is present as skin distributed on the surface of the spinel. The composition can further comprise an alkali metal-containing compound such as, for example, potassium fluoride.
Abstract:
A liquid tin-containing antifoulant composition is injected into a metal-walled thermal cracking reactor tube, concurrently with the injection of a gaseous stream (preferably a steam-diluted C₂-C₄ alkane stream), through a nozzle of an injection quill which is positioned in the center region of the reactor tube substantially parallel to the flow of the gaseous stream. A liquid tin-containing antifoulant is injected into a metal-walled thermal cracking reactor tube through a nozzle of an injection quill at a temperature of about 1000-1300°F while a gaseous stream (preferably a steam-diluted C₂-C₄ alkane stream) flows through the reactor tube, followed by raising the temperature to about 1400-1800°F. Preferably, the metal walls of the reactor tube are treated with steam after the antifoulant injection at about 1000-1300°F but before the antifoulant injection at about 1400-1800°F.