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公开(公告)号:JPH11263747A
公开(公告)日:1999-09-28
申请号:JP37347898
申请日:1998-12-28
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC
Inventor: PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS , WAGNER MATTHEW LINCOLN , DAY ROGER WILLIAM
IPC: B01J23/44 , B01J23/52 , C07B61/00 , C07C67/05 , C07C67/055 , C07C69/15 , C07D301/08
Abstract: PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain vinyl acetate with maximizing the selectivity of vinyl acetate and minimizing ethylene lost by purge, by using ethylene, acetic acid and argon-containing oxygen as raw materials and passing the raw materials through specific processes. SOLUTION: Ethylene, acetic acid, an argon-containing oxygen flow and a recycling gas flow are combined to form a gas-phase reaction mixture, which is supplied to a reactor charged with a catalyst. A reaction outflow stream is passed through a cleaning unit to give a vinyl acetate-acetic acid mixture flow and an outflow stream rich in ethylene. A part of the outflow stream rich in ethylene is passed through a carbon dioxide removing apparatus and the outflow stream rich in ethylene is combined with a part of the outflow stream not containing carbon dioxide to form a recycling gas. The vinyl acetate- acetic acid mixture outflow stream is passed through a cleaning apparatus and an acetic acid flow and an acetic acid recycling flow are combined. The oxygen concentration of the argon-containing oxygen flow is increased, the argon concentration is reduced by adjusting the flow rate of a purge flow to give vinyl acetate.
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公开(公告)号:WO2010075591A2
公开(公告)日:2010-07-01
申请号:PCT/US2009069903
申请日:2009-12-31
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , SHAH MINISH MAHENDRA , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS
Inventor: DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS
CPC classification number: C01B3/384 , C01B3/48 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/0822 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/148 , C01B2203/86 , C10K3/04 , Y02C10/04 , Y02P20/128 , Y02P30/30
Abstract: Carbon dioxide emissions within a refinery are reduced by reforming a hydrocarbon containing feed at low pressure to enhance the conversion of methane to hydrogen and carbon monoxide and thereby reduce methane slip. The hydrocarbon containing feed is composed entirely or at least in part of a refinery off gas. The resulting reformed stream is then subjected to water-gas shift conversion to form a shifted stream from which carbon dioxide is separated. As a result of the separation and the low pressure reforming, hydrogen containing fuel gas streams, that are thereby necessary lean in carbon dioxide and methane, are used in firing the steam methane reformer and other fuel uses within the refinery to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. The carbon dioxide that is separated can be sequestered or used in other processes such as enhanced oil recovery.
Abstract translation: 炼油厂内的二氧化碳排放量通过在低压下重整含烃原料来降低,以提高甲烷转化为氢气和一氧化碳并从而减少甲烷滑移。 含烃原料完全或至少部分由炼厂尾气组成。 然后使得到的重整流体经历水煤气变换转化以形成二氧化碳从其中分离的转移流。 由于分离和低压重整的结果,含二氧化碳和甲烷的含氢燃料气流用于燃烧蒸汽甲烷重整器和炼油厂内的其他燃料用途以减少二氧化碳排放。 分离出来的二氧化碳可以被隔离或用于其他过程,例如提高石油采收率。
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公开(公告)号:WO2011016981A3
公开(公告)日:2013-04-25
申请号:PCT/US2010042422
申请日:2010-07-19
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS , RAYBOLD TROY M , PACOULOUTE PERRY RAYMOND
Inventor: DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS , RAYBOLD TROY M , PACOULOUTE PERRY RAYMOND
CPC classification number: C10G70/02 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0455 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/1258 , C01B2203/142 , C10G70/046 , C10G2300/1025 , C10G2300/1088 , C10G2300/202 , C10G2300/207 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4018 , C10G2300/807
Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a treated hydrocarbon containing stream for use as a feed to a hydrogen plant having a steam methane reformer in which an untreated hydrocarbon containing stream is introduced into two reaction stages connected in series to hydrogenate olefins and to convert organic sulfur species to hydrogen sulfide. The second of the two stages can also be operated in a pre-reforming mode to generate additional hydrogen through introduction of the oxygen and steam into such stage. A sulfur tolerant catalyst is used in both stages to promote hydrogenation and oxidation reactions. Sulfur is removed between stages by adsorption of the hydrogen sulfide to prevent deactivation of the catalyst in the second of the stages that would otherwise occur during operation of the second reaction stage in a pre-reforming mode of operation.
Abstract translation: 一种用于生产经处理的含烃流的方法和装置,其用于具有蒸汽甲烷重整器的氢气设备的进料,其中将未处理的含烃流引入串联连接的两个反应阶段以氢化烯烃并转化有机硫物质 到硫化氢。 这两个阶段中的第二阶段也可以在预重整模式下操作,以通过将氧气和蒸汽引入该阶段来产生额外的氢。 两个阶段都使用耐硫催化剂来促进氢化和氧化反应。 通过吸附硫化氢来除去硫,以防止在预重整操作模式中在第二反应阶段的操作期间将发生的第二阶段催化剂失活。
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公开(公告)号:WO2012021262A3
公开(公告)日:2012-04-26
申请号:PCT/US2011044458
申请日:2011-07-19
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC , PANUCCIO GREGORY JOSEPH , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS
CPC classification number: C10L3/08 , C10G70/02 , C10G2300/1025 , C10G2300/1092 , C10G2300/4006 , C10G2300/4081 , C10G2300/807 , C10G2400/28
Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing a substitute natural gas stream to be added to a natural gas stream in which at least part of a refinery gas stream is reacted in a catalytic reactor to hydrogenate olefins into saturated hydrocarbons. The extent to which hydrogen and olefins are reacted in the catalytic reactor is controlled to reduce the concentration of olefins in the resulting substitute natural gas stream and to increase the interchangeability of the substitute natural gas stream with the natural gas. This control can be effectuated by by-passing part of the refinery off gas to an intermediate product stream produced by the catalytic reactor and thereby forming the substitute natural gas stream from the by-passed refinery gas stream and the intermediate product stream.
Abstract translation: 一种用于生产待添加到天然气流中的替代天然气流的方法和装置,其中至少部分炼油气流在催化反应器中反应以将烯烃氢化成饱和烃。 控制氢和烯烃在催化反应器中反应的程度,以降低所得替代天然气流中烯烃的浓度,并增加替代天然气流与天然气的互换性。 这种控制可以通过将炼油厂废气中的一部分旁路转化为由催化反应器产生的中间产物流来实现,从而形成来自旁路炼油厂气流和中间产物流的替代天然气流。
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公开(公告)号:ES2638455T3
公开(公告)日:2017-10-20
申请号:ES10737168
申请日:2010-07-16
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC
Inventor: RAYBOLD TROY M , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS
Abstract: Un método para producir una corriente que contiene hidrocarburos tratada para su uso como una alimentación a una planta de hidrógeno que tiene un reformador de metano con vapor de agua, comprendiendo dicho método: poner en contacto una corriente de alimentación que contiene hidrocarburos no tratada de composición variable que comprende hidrocarburos que contienen dos o más átomos de carbono que incluyen olefinas, especies de azufre orgánico e hidrógeno con un catalizador tolerante al azufre presente en una etapa de reacción y capaz de provocar reacciones de hidrogenación y oxidación, en el que la corriente de alimentación que contiene hidrocarburos no tratada es un gas residual de refinería que se comprime a una presión mayor que una corriente de gas natural precalentada producida en la planta de hidrógeno; convertir una parte de las olefinas en hidrocarburos saturados y parte de las especies de azufre en sulfuro de hidrógeno dentro de la etapa de reacción, produciendo de este modo una primera corriente intermedia, a través de reacciones de hidrogenación provocadas por el catalizador o introduciendo suficiente oxígeno y vapor de agua en la etapa de reacción de tal modo que las reacciones de oxidación sean provocadas por el catalizador dando lugar a que los hidrocarburos saturados, metano, hidrógeno adicional y monóxido de carbono sean producidos a partir de los hidrocarburos presentes en la corriente de alimentación que contiene hidrocarburos no tratada, combinando la primera corriente intermedia con la corriente de gas natural precalentada para producir una corriente combinada que contiene entre 0,5 por ciento en moles y 6 por ciento en moles de olefinas en base seca y menos de 25 ppm en volumen de azufre total en base seca; hacer pasar la primera corriente intermedia por una caldera para generar vapor de agua saturado para la planta de hidrógeno y se enfría de este modo la primera corriente intermedia a una temperatura entre 260ºC y 480ºC antes de combinarla con la corriente de gas natural precalentada; y antes de introducir la corriente de alimentación que contiene hidrocarburos en la fase de reacción, precalentar la corriente de alimentación que contiene hidrocarburos no tratada, después de la compresión, a una temperatura de 230ºC mediante intercambio indirecto de calor con vapor de agua generado en la planta de hidrógeno; se precalienta en un precalentador de alimentación mediante intercambio de calor indirecto con una corriente de gas de síntesis producida en la planta de hidrógeno a una temperatura entre 260ºC y 400ºC; y después, se somete a una etapa de pretratamiento configurada para eliminar el sulfuro de hidrógeno entrante de la corriente de alimentación que contiene hidrocarburos no tratada; introducir la corriente combinada en un hidrotratador que tiene otro catalizador que es capaz de provocar únicamente reacciones de hidrogenación y producir una segunda corriente intermedia que no contiene más de 0,5 por ciento en moles de las olefinas en base seca y no más de 0,1 ppm en volumen de azufre total en base seca, y que tiene una mayor cantidad de sulfuro de hidrógeno que la primera corriente intermedia y menores cantidades de las olefinas y las especies de azufre orgánico que la primera corriente intermedia al someter el remanente de olefinas y de especies de azufre orgánico de la primera corriente intermedia a reacciones de hidrogenación; y adsorber el sulfuro de hidrógeno en la segunda corriente intermedia, produciéndose por lo tanto la corriente que contiene hidrocarburos tratada.
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公开(公告)号:BR112012002315A2
公开(公告)日:2016-05-31
申请号:BR112012002315
申请日:2010-07-16
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC
Inventor: DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , RAYBOLD TROY M , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS
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公开(公告)号:CA2774185A1
公开(公告)日:2011-04-07
申请号:CA2774185
申请日:2010-08-23
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC
Abstract: Organic sulfur compounds contained in refinery off gas streams having either high ort low concentrations of olefins are converted to hydrogen sulfides which can be then be removed using conventional amine treating systems. The process uses a catalytic reactor with or without a hydrotreater depending on the olefin concentration of the off gas stream. The catalytic reactor operates in a hydrogenation mode or an oxidation mode to convert a majority of organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfides.
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公开(公告)号:AU2005306866A1
公开(公告)日:2006-05-26
申请号:AU2005306866
申请日:2005-11-07
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC
Inventor: PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS
Abstract: A steam methane reforming method in which a feed stream (10) is treated in a reactor (30; 30') containing a catalyst that is capable of promoting both hydrogenation and partial oxidation reactions. The feed stream (10) may be a refinery off-gas. The reactor (30; 30') is either operated in a catalytic hydrogenation mode to convert olefins into saturated hydrocarbons and/or to chemically reduce sulfur species to hydrogen sulfide or a catalytic oxidative mode utilizing oxygen and steam to prereform the feed and thus, increase the hydrogen content of a synthesis gas produced by a steam methane reformer (52). The reactor (30; 32) may be operated in alternate modes to provide for increased hydrogen production during the catalytic oxidative mode of operation or exclusively in a single mode of operation involving either a catalytic hydrogenation mode or a catalytic oxidative mode.
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公开(公告)号:ID22194A
公开(公告)日:1999-09-16
申请号:ID981694
申请日:1998-12-28
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC
Inventor: PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS , WAGNER MATTHEW LINCOLN , DAY ROGER WILLIAM
IPC: B01J23/44 , B01J23/52 , C07B61/00 , C07C67/05 , C07C67/055 , C07C69/15 , C07D301/08 , C07C53/00 , C08F18/08 , B01J8/00 , B01J19/00
Abstract: A method for producing vinyl acetate using ethylene, acetic acid and argon containing oxygen that maximizes selectivity and minimizes ethylene loses to purge.
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公开(公告)号:WO2011016970A2
公开(公告)日:2011-02-10
申请号:PCT/US2010042273
申请日:2010-07-16
Applicant: PRAXAIR TECHNOLOGY INC , RAYBOLD TROY M , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS
Inventor: RAYBOLD TROY M , DRNEVICH RAYMOND FRANCIS , PAPAVASSILIOU VASILIS
IPC: C10G70/02
CPC classification number: C10G70/02 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/56 , C01B3/58 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/045 , C01B2203/0485 , C01B2203/0894 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1029 , C01B2203/1058 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1082 , C01B2203/127 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/141 , C01B2203/1642 , C01B2203/169 , C10G65/02 , C10G69/02 , C10G70/00 , C10G2300/1025 , C10G2300/1088 , C10G2300/202 , C10G2300/207
Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for producing a treated hydrocarbon containing stream for use as a feed to a steam methane reformer of a hydrogen plant. In accordance with such method, amounts of olefins and organic sulfur species within an untreated feed are decreased in a reactor that is operated in either a hydrogenation mode to hydrogenate the olefins into saturated hydrocarbons or a pre-ref orming mode in which hydrocarbon containing two or more carbon atoms including the olefins are reacted with oxygen and steam to form saturated hydrocarbons, methane, additional hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The reactor is configured and operates at a sufficiently high space velocity that olefin and organic species slip occurs that is further treated in a hydrotreater. The reactor contains a catalyst capable of promoting both hydrogenation and oxidation reactions and the hydrotreater contains a catalyst that is capable of only promoting hydrogenation reactions.
Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于生产用于氢气设备的蒸汽甲烷重整器的进料的经处理的含烃流的方法和装置。 根据这种方法,在以氢化方式操作以将烯烃氢化成饱和烃或预引导模式的反应器中,在未处理的进料中的烯烃和有机硫物质的量减少,其中含有两个或 包括烯烃在内的更多碳原子与氧和蒸汽反应形成饱和烃,甲烷,额外的氢和一氧化碳。 反应器被构造并以足够高的空间速度运行,发生烯烃和有机物质滑动,在加氢处理器中进一步处理。 反应器含有能够促进氢化反应和氧化反应的催化剂,加氢处理装置含有仅能促进氢化反应的催化剂。
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