Abstract:
Thermally-sensitive hardware (101) is at least partially enclosed within a container (201, 211, 221) in which reactants (202, 212, 222) for a solid-solid endothermic chemical reaction are disposed, surrounding at least a portion of the thermally-sensitive hardware. The reactants or a structure including the reactants are positioned between the thermally-sensitive hardware and a heat source, such as an external surface of a missile (100) traveling through atmospheric gases at extremely high speed and experiencing extreme frictional heating. The reactants absorb heat during the solid-solid endothermic reaction to thermally protect the thermally-sensitive hardware. The reactants are preferably selected to absorb heat of at least 5 kilo-Joules per gram (kJ/g) during the solid-solid endothermic chemical reaction.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are energetic compositions and methods of making thereof. A composition includes particles of a nitrogen-containing oxidizer dispersed in a polymeric binder and a bonding agent bonded to a surface of at least a portion the particles. The bonding agent disclosed is a Lewis acid.
Abstract:
An electrically operated propellant includes a perchlorate oxidizer and a water insoluble polymeric binder with a water solubility of less than 0.1 grams (g) per 100 grams water at 25°Celsius (°C). The electrically operated propellant is substantially waterless with a water content of less than 10 weight % (wt.%) water based on total weight of the electrically operated propellant.
Abstract:
A optical element includes a surface including a zinc sulfide layer (101); a coupling agent adhered to the zinc sulfide layer by a disulfide bond (120) and including a hydrocarbon tail (110) extending from the disulfide bond (120); and a polymer (P) bonded to the hydrocarbon tail (110) of the coupling agent by a covalent bond; wherein the polymer (P) and the coupling agent are optically transparent in the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) region.
Abstract:
An article of manufacture includes a zinc sulfide layer and a coupling agent adhered to the zinc sulfide layer by a disulfide bond. The coupling agent comprises a functional group extending from the zinc sulfide layer.
Abstract:
An electrically operated propellant includes an electrolyte source. The electrolyte source is an ionic liquid, a polyelectrolyte, or a combination thereof. The electrically operated propellant also includes a polymeric binder. The electrically operated propellant is substantially waterless with a water content of less than 10 wt.% water based on total weight of the electrically operated propellant.
Abstract:
A coating (203) for mitigating metal whiskers on a metal surface (202) includes a polymeric coating material; and a metal ion complexing agent impregnated within the polymeric coating material, the metal ion complexing agent having a standard reduction potential (E°) that is greater than a metal in the metal surface.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are energetic compositions and methods of making thereof. A composition includes perchlorate or nitrate containing oxidizer particles, a polymeric binder, and a borylated ferrocene derivative bonding agent bonded to a surface of at least a portion the perchlorate or nitrate containing oxidizer particles to form a Lewis complex.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are energetic compositions and methods of making thereof. A composition includes hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) particles dispersed in a polymeric binder and a bonding agent bonded to a surface of at least a portion the HNF particles. The bonding agent disclosed is a Lewis acid.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein are energetic compositions and methods of making thereof. A composition includes hydrazinium nitroformate (HNF) particles dispersed in a polymeric binder and a bonding agent bonded to a surface of at least a portion the HNF particles. The bonding agent disclosed is a Lewis acid.