Abstract:
Aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids are made by the oxidation of organic compounds, especially olefines, with oxygen in the presence of a Group VIII metal catalyst and in a liquid medium comprising dimethylsulphoxide alone or mixed with water.
Abstract:
Emulsifiers are made by esterifying one or two of the carboxyl groups of citric acid with a hydroxy-ester formed from a long chain alcohol and an acid of formula:
Abstract:
Acrylic acid is prepared by oxidizing propylene with air in the presence of water and a platinum, rhodium, rutheniun or palladium metal catalyst at a temperature above 50* C. and a pressure exceeding 5 bars gauge. A supported palladium catalyst is preferred. Acrylic acid is obtained in about 60 percent yield based on propylene converted and the small amounts of acrolein obtained may be oxidized to acrylic acid.
Abstract:
1,223,783. Acrylic acid. RHONE-POULENC S.A. 20 May, 1969 [21 May, 1968], No. 25774/69. Heading C2C. Acrylic acid is prepared by oxidizing propylene with molecular oxygen or a gas containing molecular oxygen in the presence of water and a noble metal of Group VIII of the Periodic Table at a temperature above 50‹ C. and under a pressure exceeding 5 bars gauge. The catalyst may be deposited on a carrier such as alumina, silica gel, aluminium oxide, aluminium silicate, pumice, active charcoal or bentonite. Examples describe the use of palladium on carbon black or alumina.
Abstract:
The esters have formula:- where n is 1-2, R1R2 are H or CH3, R is 14-22C sat. or unsat. aliphatic, Y is X or H, alkali metal or -NH4 and are prepd. by reaction of an ester of hydroxycarboxylic acid HO-X with adipic acid in mol. ratio 0.8:1-1.2:1 or 1.8:1-2.2:1 at 150-230 pref. 200-220 degrees C or by reacting 1-2 moles hydroxycarboxylic acid and 0.8-1.2 or 1.8-2.2 moles alcohol R-OH and 1 mole adipic acid simultaneously. R is hexadecyl or octadecyl e.g. product is di- or mono adipic ester(s) of hexa(octa)decyl lactate.
Abstract:
Aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids are made by the oxidation of organic compounds, especially olefines, with oxygen in the presence of a Group VIII metal catalyst and in a liquid medium comprising dimethylsulphoxide alone or mixed with water.