Abstract:
A current source (Figs. 1A and 1B) for establishing a relatively constant current through widely differing impedances (12, 12A) comprising a voltage potential regulator (20-41) for adjustably regulating a supplied potential to provide a current to a current controller (42, 43, 45-56) with a current sensor (44) to supply a signal to the current controller from the signal controller (42, 43, 45-56) to control the voltage potential regulator (20-41). A further current rise time regulator (62-74) is provided to increase the rise time occurence provided to a commutated load (12, 12a).
Abstract:
A thermal effect sensing device (10) comprises a semiconductor substrate (15) supporting an insulating layer (14) which has a thin film of platinum (12, 13, 16, 21) deposited on it. Holes (17, 20) are etched through the semiconductor substrate and the insulating layer. The platinum film is shaped to provide a serpentine resistive element (16) suspended over one of the holes (17). The serpentine element is suspended from the rim of the hole, but is otherwise unsupported. The resistive element has a low thermal mass and there is a low thermal resistance between the element and fluid in the sensor. The sensor senses thermal properties of the fluid in the sensor, such as mass flow or thermal conductivity. A second conductive film is insulatingly deposited on the first film to provide a resistive sensor (23) electrically isolated from a resistive heating element (16').
Abstract:
A short, strut-mounted, multifunction air data sensing probe (20) providing reduced drag, weight and radial cross section has a modular internal construction providing a multiple passageway pressure assembly (35) to transfer sensed pressure signals from individual sensing ports (25, 31, 32) on a probe barrel (21) to pressure carrying conduits (57, 62, 66, 73, 74) extending into the mounting strut (30) of the probe (20). The modular construction eliminates the need for having interior chambers made by fixing a series of difficult to locate bulkheads on the probe interior, with separate lines running from each of the chambers to provide the pressure signal from each of the ports. The modular construction also permits mounting a deicing heater (95) on internal parts other than the outer probe shell so that the manufacture of the probe (20) is furher simplified, and the types of material used for the probe shell (21) can be changed without concern about heater mounting.
Abstract:
A transmitter (8) with a flame arresting header (16) senses a pressure of a process fluid with a diaphragm (44) which is sealed to the header. The diaphragm (44) transfers the pressure of the process fluid acting on an outer surface of the diaphragm (44) to a fill fluid (50). A pressure sensor (18) enclosed in the transmitter (8) senses the pressure of the fill fluid (50) providing an output representative of the pressure of the process fluid. The header (16) includes a chamber (48) on an outer face of the header (16) and a passageway (54) extending from the chamber (48) to a tapered opening (56) inside the transmitter (18) with a first portion (58) adjacent to the tapered opening (56) shaped to receive an inlet tube (52) sealed with a tapered seal and leading to the sensor (18) and a second flame isolating portion (70) open to the chamber (48). The second passageway portion (70) is shaped for flame isolating the tapered seal (60) from the process fluid.
Abstract:
A platinum resistance thermometer (10) is formed in a process which includes the defining of a path for the resistance thermometer in an inert material (28) deposited in a layer on the substrate (24). The substrate surface (26) is exposed in the path, and the inert material (28) forms a negative pattern for the path. The resistive material for the thermometer is then deposited on both the substrate surface (26) exposed in the path and on the surfaces (32, 34) of the inert material remaining on the substrate. After this, the inert material (28) is etched away, and the resistive material (40) deposited on top of the inert material (28) is then loose and can be removed leaving a strip (12) of resistive material in the desired path for forming the resistive thermometer (10). The strip (12) has low contamination and impurities to more easily reach the desired temperature coefficient of resistance of the strip (12) forming the thermometer (10).
Abstract:
An electromagnetic fluid flowmeter (26) includes empty pipe detection circuitry. The empty pipe detection circuitry applies a common mode asynchronous signal into a pair of electrodes (16A, 16B) in the flowmeter (26). Impedance of fluid is determined by measuring the magnitude of the asynchronous signal between an electrode (16A, 16B) and electrical ground. Impedance is used to determine an empty pipe condition.
Abstract:
Sensing instrument (10) for sensing the angular position of the longitudinal axis (17) of a cyclindrical sensor body (14) of an object moving relative to a fluid medium with respect to a first plane. Such object has a leading end portion (15) joined to the sensor body (14) and exposed to the fluid medium. A first pair of pressure sensing ports (20 and 21) are on the object and face in the upstream direction and have their axes lying in a second plane at right angles to said first plane and disposed at predetermined angles with respect to the axis (17) of the object. A second pair of pressure sensing ports (22 and 23) on the object have their axes lying in the first plane, such axes being disposed at predetermined angles with respect to the axis (17) of the object. A single pressure port (16) on the object has an axis coinciding with the axis (17) of the object. The improvement comprises the leading end portion (15) of the sensor body (14) defining a spherical segment of one base.