Abstract:
A DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY PERFORMING CHEMICAL PROCESSES AND REACTIONS WHICH REQUIRE HEAT ADMINISTRATION FROM THE OUTSIDE AND ARE CONDUCTIVE TO THE EVOLUTION OF VOLATILE BY-PRODUCTS, SUCH AS THE PROCESSES LEADING TO THE PRODUCTION OF SPINNABLE POLYESTERS. THE DEVICE COMPRISES A REACTOR HAVING SUBSTANTIALLY VERTICAL METAL WALLS, MEANS FOR INTRODUCING THE REACTANT AND THE REACTED PRODUCT WHICH IS RECYCLED AT THE REACTOR TOP, CENTRIFUGING MEANS FOR HURLING THE PRODUCTS INTRODUCED AT THE TOP OF SAID WALLS FOR CAUSING THEM TO DESCEND IN THE FORM OF A LIQUID FILM THEREALONG, AND MEANS FOR RECYCLING A FRACTION OF THE PRODUCT WHICH HAS BEEN COLLECTED AT THE BASE OF THE REACTOR, TOWARDS THE TOP THEREOF. A CHEMICAL PROCESS UTILIZING SUCH A REACTOR AND INVOLVING THE REMOVAL OF THE BY-PRODUCTS, SET FREE IN THEIR VOLATILE FORM AT THE TOP OF THE REACTOR AS THEY ARE EVOLVED AND SET FREE FROM SAID LIQUID FILM.
Abstract:
A method for obtaining synthetic polyamide yarns, more particularly polyamide yarns, is disclosed, which have a high affinity towards basic dyestuffs. The dyeability with basic dyestuffs is improved by adding to the polymerization mass, prior to, or during progress of, polymerization, an aromatic aldehyde having the general formula
WHEREIN M AND N ARE INTEGERS WHICH ARE 1 OR 2, THE GROUP SO3X indicates both a free sulphonic group or such a group salified with a member selected from the group consisting of ammonium ions, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. Hypophosphorous acid, or an alkali metal salt thereof can also be added to improve the whiteness of the parts of the yarn or fabric which are not to be dyed.
Abstract:
A method is disclosed which permits obtaining bifunctional chemical compounds, such as acidic aldehydes from ozonides of olefins, the improvement consisting in that the peroxidic derivatives of the ozonides in question are subjected to transposition in a polar solvent and in the presence of a catalyst. The catalyst is preferably a basic substance such as an alkali metal salt or an alkali metal alcoholate, or also an organic base. The catalytic system may also comprise an organic acid anhydride, provided that it is soluble in the polar solvent aforesaid but cannot react therewith.
Abstract:
A METHOD AND AN APPARATUS ARE DISCLOSED FOR PREPARING PHTHALIC ACID-GLYCOL MIXTURES FOR ESTERIFICATION. A PROBLEM WHICH IS FREQUENTLY ENCOUNTERED IN PREPARING SUCH PASTE IS THE RETENTION OF THE HOMOGENEOUSNESS OF THEIR COM POSITION, ESPECIALLY IN CONTINUOUS ESTERIFICATION INSTALLATIONS. CONTRARY TO WIDELY ACCEPTED AND WELL ESTABILSIHED TECHNICAL VIEWS, IT HAS BEEN DISCOVERED THAT, BY KEEPING THE MIXTURES OR PASTES AT A COMPARATIVELY LOW TEMPERATURE, THE PREFERRED RANGE BEING BETWEEN 35*C. AND 20* C. THE PROBLEMS INDICATED ABOVE, AND OTHERS CONNECTED THEREWITH, ARE HAPPILY SOLVED AND THE UNDESIRABLE FORMATION OF LUMPS AND INCRUSTATIONS IS EFFETIELY PREVENTED.
Abstract:
A method and equipment for cutting slivers of continuous filaments of textile material into tuft fibres adapted for further spinning and twisting operations, wherein a continuous sliver formed by said filaments is advanced at a high speed in a plane and laser ray pulses are focalized on said plane in the form of a narrow window having a length greater than the width of said sliver, in order to cut the same into a plurality of tuft fibres having a predetermined length.