公开(公告)号：GB785440A

公开(公告)日：1957-10-30

申请号：GB3426653

申请日：1953-12-09

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： JENSEN HANS CHRISTIAN HENRY

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition suitable for use in steam turbines comprises a mineral lubricating oil containing an oxidation inhibitor and less than 5 per cent of turkey red oil. The turkey red oil may be used as such or as the sodium, potassium or ammonium salt. The oxidation inhibitor is a phenol, substituted phenol, e.g. alkylated cresol such as 2,4-di-tert.-butyl-p-cresol, amine or sulphur compound; sulphonated naphthenes, sulphates, sulphonic acids and derivatives thereof and certain sulphurized fatty oils, fatty acids or waxes, are excluded. Optional ingredients referred to are polyethylene glycol di-triricinoleate, a silicone antifoam agent, tributyl phosphate, isopropyl oleate and hexachlorocyclohexane. The base oil may be a solvent extracted distillate oil.

公开(公告)号：GB719334A

公开(公告)日：1954-12-01

申请号：GB775452

申请日：1952-03-26

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： JENSEN HANS CHRISTIAN HENRY

IPC: C10M169/00

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprises a major proportion of a lubricating oil and a mixture of a major proportion of a phosphorus and sulphur containing extreme pressure additive and a minor proportion of pentachlorophenol. The extreme pressure additive is a reaction product of sulphur and phosphorous or a phosphorus sulphide and a hydrocarbon which is a paraffin, olefin, olefin polymer, mineral lubricating oil fraction such as bright stock, petrolatum or wax, a calcium or barium salt of an alkyl phenol sulphide or a glycol ester of mixed fatty and rosin acids, these acid mixtures occuring naturally in tall oil. Additional sulphur may be incorporated into the extreme pressure additive by heating, before or after phosphosulphurization with sulphur. The reaction product of the phosphorus sulphide and the lubricating oil may be stabilized by heating wiht an olefinic hydrocarbon such as di-isobutylene or a terpene, as described in Specification 687,417. The lubricating oil specified is mineral oil.

公开(公告)号：GB728220A

公开(公告)日：1955-04-13

申请号：GB1821851

申请日：1951-08-01

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： HAWKINS ELEANOR RUTH ,  JENSEN HANS CHRISTIAN HENRY

IPC: C10M143/00 ,  C10M145/02

Abstract: A mineral oil solution of polymerized olefinic materials is prepared by subjecting the polymer to shear in the presence of sufficient mineral oil to produce a concentrate that is a homogeneous fluid, but with less mineral oil than is required for the final solution, the concentrate being subsequently blended with the remainder of the mineral oil to the required dilution. The final solution may be added to mineral oils as a thickener or viscosity index improver. Preferred polymers are polybutenes, polyethylene, linear copolymers of olefins and diolefins such as butyl rubber, polymers of acrylic and alkyl acrylic acids, and polymers and copolymers of one or more unsaturated esters such as vinyl acetate and decyl maleate. The polymer may be one which has been partially degraded, for example by subjection to shear, before introduction of the mineral oil. In an example, butyl rubber is milled at 160-190 DEG C. for 90 minutes in the presence of 0.5 per cent mercaptobenzthiazole in a rubber mill. The degraded polymer product is then dissolved by introducing mineral oil into the mill and operating the mill until a homogeneous fluid is obtained. The solution is then discharged into a blending vessel in which it is blended with further mineral oil. Specification 716,706 is referred to.ALSO:A mineral oil solution of polymerized olefinic materials is prepared by subjecting the polymer to shear in the presence of sufficient mineral oil to produce a concentrate that is a homogeneous fluid, but with less mineral oil than is required for the final solution, the concentrate being subsequently blended with the remainder of the mineral oil to the required dilution. The final solution may be added to mineral oils as a thickener or viscosity index improver. Preferred polymers are polybutanes, polyethylene, linear copolymers of olefins and diolefins such as butyl rubber, polymers of acrylic and alkyl acrylic acids, and polymers and copolymers of one or more unsaturated esters such as vinyl acetate and decyl maleate. The polymer may be one which has been partially degraded, for example by subjection to shear, before introduction of the mineral oil. In an example, butyl rubber is milled at 160-190 DEG C. for 90 minutes in the presence of 0.5 per cent. mercaptobenzthiazole in a rubber mill. The degraded polymer produced is then dissolved by introducing mineral oil into the mill and operating the mill until a homogeneous fluid is obtained. The solution is then discharged into a blending vessel in which it is blended with further mineral oil. Specification 716,706, [Group IV (a)], is referred to.

公开(公告)号：GB722268A

公开(公告)日：1955-01-19

申请号：GB2791451

申请日：1951-11-28

Applicant: STANDARD OIL DEV CO

Inventor： JENSEN HANS CHRISTIAN HENRY ,  LOWENSTEIN-LOM WALTER

IPC: C07F9/04

Abstract: Phosphorus and sulphur-containing materials are obtained by reacting a predominantly hydrocarbon material at elevated temperature with a phosphorus sulphide or a mixture of elemental phosphorus and sulphur and then reacting the product, unfiltered and while still warm, at elevated temperature with a hydrocarbon containing at least one olefinic double bond. The predominantly hydrocarbon material is preferably a mineral oil fraction (see Group IV (b)) or a polymer of one or more hydrocarbons derived from such fractions, e.g. a polymerized olefin such as polyisobutylene or a copolymer of an olefin with another hydrocarbon containing one or more double bonds e.g. a copolymer of isobutylene and styrene, butadiene or isoprene. The unsaturated material which is reacted with the phosphosulphurized product may be any aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, terpenic or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one olefinic double bond. Specified materials are the olefines such as propylene, butylenes, diisobutylenes, triisobutylenes, the codimer of isobutylene and n-butylene, cracked gasoline fractions, cracked paraffin wax, viscous olefinic polymers such as medium or high molecular weight polybutene; cyclopentene, cyclohexene, butadiene, pentadiene, isoprene, dipentene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, terpinolene, D 2,4(8)-p-menthadiene or styrene. Specified phosphorus sulphides are the pentasulphide, trisulphide, sesquisulphide, disulphide and heptasulphide. A mixture of phosphorus sulphides may also be used. The phosphosulphurization is preferably effected at 200 DEG to 600 DEG F. whilst the reaction between the phosphosulphurized intermediate and the olefinic material is preferably conducted at 150-450 DEG F. The products are stated to be extreme pressure agents for lubricating oils, preferably mineral lubricating oils (see Group III). Specifications 687,417 and 717,675, [Group IV (b)], are referred to.ALSO:Phosphorus and sulphur-containing materials are obtained by reacting a predominantly hydrocarbon material at elevated temperature with a phosphorus sulphide or a mixture of elemental phosphorus and sulphur and further reacting the product, unfiltered and while still warm, at elevated temperature with a hydrocarbon containing at least one olefinic double bond. The predominantly hydrocarbon material is preferably a mineral oil fraction or a polymer of one or more hydrocarbons derived from such fractions. Thus it may be a lubricating oil, distillate or residual, preferably a bright stock. The lubricating oil fraction may have been subjected to a refining step such as adsorbent treatment, solvent extraction, distillation and dewaxing. Useful polymers are the polymerized olefins, e.g. polyisobutylene. Copolymers of olefins with other hydrocarbons containing one or more double bonds may also be used (see Group IV (a)). Specified phosphorus sulphides are the pentasulphide, trisulphide (P4S6), sesquisulphide (P4S3), disulphide (P3S6) and heptasulphide (P4S7). A mixture of phosphorus sulphides may also be used. The phosphosulphurization may be effected by heating at 200 DEG to 600 DEG F. using about 1 to 10, preferably 3 to 8 molar proportions of hydrocarbon to one of the phosphorus sulphide. When the products are to be dissolved in mineral oils the reactants should be chosen so as to provide a product which is soluble in the oil base or which can be brought into solution with the aid of solubilizing agents such as high molecular weight alcohols or esters. The unsaturated hydrocarbon which is reacted with the phospho-sulphurized hydrocarbon may be any aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, terpenic or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one double bond carbon to carbon linkage in a non-aromatic group. Specified unsaturated hydrocarbons are olefins such as propylene, butylenes, diisobutylenes, triisobutylenes, the codimer of isobutylene and n-butylene, cracked gasoline fractions, cracked paraffin wax, viscous olefinic polymers, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, butadiene, pentadiene, isoprene, dipentene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, terpinolene, D 2,4(8)-p-menthadiene or styrene. The reaction with the olefinic hydrocarbon is preferably conducted at 150-450 DEG F. for a period up to 10 hours. In an example, phosphorus pentasulphide is reacted at 425 DEG F. with a propane de-asphalted, acid treated, de-waxed and decolourized Panhandle residuum of 170 Saybolt Universal Seconds at 210 DEG F. and the product then reacted with 10 per cent of its weight of dipentene at 380 DEG F. Tables are given which compare the processing times and the properties of the product as a 10 per cent blend in gear oil base with those obtained from the same reactants in accordance with the prior art in which the phospho-sulphurization product is cooled and filtered prior to reaction with the dipentene. The products are stated to be extreme-pressure agents for lubricating oils, preferably mineral lubricating oils (see Group II). Specifications 687,417 and 717,675 are referred to.ALSO:A lubricating oil composition comprises a lubricating oil preferably a mineral lubricating oil having dissolved therein a minor proportion of a phosphorus and sulphur-containing material obtained by reacting a predominantly hydrocarbon material with a phosphorous sulphide or a mixture of elemental phosphorous and sulphur and then reacting the product, unfiltered and while still warm, at elevated temperature with a hydrocarbon containing at least one olefinic double bond (see Groups IV (a) and IV (b)). The hydrocarbon material is preferably a mineral oil fraction, e.g. a lubricating oil, distillate or residual, preferably a bright stock, or a polymer of one or more hydrocarbons derived from such fractions. The lubricating oil fraction may have been subjected to a refining step such as adsorbent treatment, solvent extraction, distillation and dewaxing. Specified phosphorous sulphides are the pentasulphide, trisulphide (P4S6), sesquisulphide (P4S3, disulphide (P3S6) and heptasulphide (P4S7). A mixture of phosphorous sulphides may also be used. The unsaturated hydrocarbon which is reacted with the phosphosulphurized product may be any aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, terpenic or aliphatic-aromatic hydrocarbon containing at least one olefinic double bond. Specified unsaturated hydrocarbons are the olefines, such as propylene, butylenes, diisobutylenes, triisobutylenes, the codimer of isobutylene and n-butylene, cracked gasoline fractions, cracked paraffin wax, viscous olefin polymers, e.g. polybutene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, butadiene, pentadiene, isoprene, dipentene, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, terpinolene, D 2,4(8)- -p-menthadiene and styrene. In an example, phosphorus pentasulphide is reacted at 425 DEG F. with a propane deasphalted, acid treated, dewaxed and decoloured Panhandle residuum of 170 Saybolt Universal seconds at 210 DEG F. and the product then reacted with dipentene. The properties of a 10 per cent. blend of the additive in gear oil base are tabulated. Specifications 687,417 and 717,675 are referred to.