Abstract:
A GROUP VIII METAL CONTAINING PYROLYZED POLYCARYLONITRILE POLYMER CATALYST AND HYDROCARBON CONVERSION PROCESS FOR THE DEHYDROGENATION OF ALCOHOLS TO KETONES PARTICULARLY ISOPROPYL ALCOHOL TO ACETONE AND THE DEHYDROGENATION OF NITRO COMPOUNDS TO AMINES, PARTICULARLY 2-NITROPROPANE TO ISOPROPYLAMINE BY THE USE OF SAID CATALYST.
Abstract:
DECOKED ALKALINE SULFITE PULP LIQUOR HAVING AN EXCESS OF SOLUBLE SULFITE IS REGENERATED BY TREATING WITH AN ALKALINE EARTH OXIDE AND/OR HYDROXIDE TO PRECIPITATE EXCESS SOLUBLE SULFITE ION AS INSOLUBLE ALKALINE EARTH SULFITE. THE SULFITE PRECIPITATE IS REMOVED BY FILTRATION AND THE RESULTING LIQUOR IS RECYCLED TO THE PULPING OPERATION. THE ALKALINE EARTH OXIDE AND SO2 ARE RECOVERED FROM THE FILTER CAKE BY HEATING.
Abstract:
OIL REFINING IS EFFECTED BY HEATING UNDER AGITATED FLOW CONDITIONS CRUDE OIL OR RESIDUAL OIL WITH WATER AT A TEMPERATURE SUFFICIENT TO FORM A FOAM WHICH IS COOLED BELOW THE VAPORIZATION TEMPERATURE OF WATER TO FORM A STABLE EMULSION CONTAINING SULFUR, CARBON RESIDUES, ASPHALTENES, NICKEL AND VANADIUM. AFTER REMOVAL OF THE EMULSION, THE OIL CAN BE A FUEL OR A CATALYTIC PROCESSES.
Abstract:
Formation of mineral type scale in pressure coking equipment used in coking waste materials in the liquid phase is eliminated by effecting the coking of such materials using direct countercurrent heat exchange with a hot hydrocarbon stream which is kept continuously circulating along the walls of the equipment.
Abstract:
Spent Sulfite liquor from a sulfite mill digester is preheated and then heated in a closed system at a temperature in the range of 450* to 700*F under autogenous pressure for a period of 0.5 minutes to six hours to form an effluent liquid and a sulfurcontaining coke. The coke is burned to furnish steam for the process and flue gas from which the SO2 evolved is absorbed by the effluent liquid thus forming additional cooking liquor which is recycled to the digester. Volatile gases from the digester are also oxidized to SO2 which is combined with that formed by burning the coke.
WHEREIN R1 IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP ALKYL, ARYL AND ALKYL AROMATIC; AND WHEREIN R2 IS ALKYL HAVING FROM ABOUT 9 TO 20 CARBON ATOMS, FOR USE IN STRONG ACID CATALYZED REACTIONS WHEREIN ALKYLATABLE HYDROCARBONS ARE ALKYLATED WITH ALKYLATING AGENTS. ALSO, ALKYLATION PROCESSES EMPLOYING SUCH ALKYLATION AIDS.
Abstract:
A process for treating a waste feed stream containing essentially water-soluble organic wastes, in particular those originating in refinery reservoirs, refinery waste streams, refinery pits, and lube oil additive plants, is described as involving heating the stream under turbulent flow conditions to temperatures of 400* to 700*F and pressures of 300 to 3,100 psi in the presence of air or of oxygen thereby splitting off carbon dioxide. The oxidized waste stream, which has a considerably reduced chemical oxygen demand, is continuously fed to a hot contacting zone and is in heat-exchange relationship with the incoming effluent stream.
Abstract:
CONTAINING COKE RESULTING FROM COKING THE ACID SPENT KRAFT LIQUOR.
DISCLOSED IS AN IMPROVED AND INTEGRATED KRAFT PULPING PROCESS WHEREIN THE WOOD CHIPS ARE PRETREATED IN AN ALKALINE "BUFFER" MEDIUM CONTAINING H2S AT A PARTIAL PRESSURE OF ABOUT 90 TO 110 P.S.I.G. AT ABOUT 260* F. THE HYDROGEN SULFIDE IS PRODUCED BY COKING IN THE LIQUID PHASE A SPENT KRAFT PULPING LIQUOR THAT HAS BEEN MADE ACID WITH ABSORBED, SO2. THIS SO2 IS GENERATED BY BURNING SULFUR-
Abstract:
A low pour point fuel oil blend is prepared from a major amount of a high pour point, low sulfur, waxy, residual fuel and a minor amount of low-waxy, low pour, residual fuel oil by adding thereto from 0.01 to 0.5 percent by weight of an oil soluble ethylenevinyl fatty acid ester copolymer in which the fatty acid component of the ester has a carbon content of from about 2 to about 6; the copolymer having a molecular weight between about 20,000 and 31,000, a melt index of about 5 to about 28 and a vinyl fatty acid ester content of from about 24 to about 34 percent. The copolymer may be added either in a water-glycol emulsion or in a hydrocarbon to one of the blend components which has been heated to between about 200* to 400*F.
Abstract:
Metal and asphaltene-containing heavy petroleum oils are subjected to high temperature steam treatment and then contacted with a deasphalting solvent. The product is particularly suited for further catalytic treatment.