Abstract:
Disclosed is ammoxidation of C₃ to C₅ acyclic alkanes with NH₃ and O₂ using (1) a mole ratio of alkane:NH₃ in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O₂ in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated mononitrile. Catalyst compositions useful in the process are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Disclosed is ammoxidation of C₃ to C₅ acyclic alkanes with NH₃ and O₂ using (1) a mole ratio of paraffin:NH₃ in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O₂ in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalyst compositions useful in the process are also disclosed.
Abstract:
Ammoxidation of C₃ to C₅ paraffins with NH₃ and O₂ using (1) a mole ratio of paraffin:NH₃ in the range from 2 to 16 and a mole ratio of alkane:O₂ in the range 1 to 10 and (2) a mixture of particulate catalyst compositions, the first being especially effective to promote formation of an unsaturated nitrile and an olefin from the paraffin, and the second catalyst composition being especially effective to promote the conversion of the olefin to the unsaturated nitrile. Catalytic compositions useful in the process are disclosed.
Abstract:
A process of manufacturing acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile by the catalytic reaction in the vapor phase of a paraffin selected from propane and isobutane with molecular oxygen and ammonia by catalytic contact of the reactants in a reaction zone with a catalyst, the feed composition having a mole ratio of the paraffin to ammonia in the range of from about 2.5 to 16 and a mole ratio of paraffin to oxygen in the range of from about 1.0 to 10, wherein said catalyst has the elements in the proportions indicated by the empirical formula:
VSb m A a Mo b D d O x
where
A is one or more of Ti, Sn, Fe, Cr and Ga; D is one or more of Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B and Mn; m equals 0.8 to 4; a equals 0.01 to 2; 0 d is 0 to 2; x is determined by the oxidation state of the cations present, and the catalyst has been heat treated at a temperature of at least 780°C.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a method of making a catalyst precursor by aging an aqueous solution containing the monoperoxovanadium ion, VO(O₂)⁺, until a vanadium-containing sol or gel is formed, and reacting said vanadium while in said aqueous sol or gel form, with an antimony compound that contains Sb having a valence of 3. In one embodiment, the VO(O₂)⁺ ion is made by reacting H₂O₂ with a vanadium compound. Also disclosed is making a catalyst by drying and calcining such precursor. When the drying is effected by spray drying a microspheroidal catalyst is produced. The catalysts useful for ammoxidation of propane are more attrition resistant than catalysts of the same empirical formula made by prior art methods.
Abstract:
Disclosed is the reaction of propane and isobutane with O₂ and NH₃ to make α,β-unsaturated nitriles and olefins, using certain complex metal oxide catalyst compositions and an excess of the paraffin over both the O₂ and the NH₃. Also disclosed are suitable catalyst compositions for such reactions.