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    Fumigation methods and compositions
    2.
    发明公开
    Fumigation methods and compositions 失效
    Verfahren und Zusammensetzungen zurRäucherung。

    公开(公告)号：EP0337503A2

    公开(公告)日：1989-10-18

    申请号：EP89110702.1

    申请日：1984-04-30

    Applicant: UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA

    Inventor： Young, Donald C. ,  Green II, James A.

    IPC: A01N25/18 ,  A01N59/06 ,  A01N59/02 ,  C05C9/00

    CPC classification number: A01N25/18 ,  A01N59/02 ,  A01N59/04 ,  A01N59/06

    Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions for the fumigation of soils, enclosed spaces, agricultural products and other commodities, etc., using compositions which decompose to form carbon disulfide and certain other biocidal materials. Such fumigation can be used to control bacteria, fungi, insects, nematodes, rodents, and weeds.
    A composition is provided which is an aqueous solution of ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal thiocarbonate or a mixture thereof, comprising an added base, the concentration of the added base being sufficient to produce a pH above 7 in the solution: These "thiocarbonates," include, without limitation, salts of trithiocarbonic acid and tetrathiocarbonic acid, compositions having empirical formulae intermediate to these acid salts (such as MCS 3.7 , wherein M is a divalent metal ion), and compositions containing substances in addition to thiocarbonates [such as a stabilized ammonium tetrathiocarbonate which contains ammonium sulfide, i.e. (NH 4 )- 2 CDS 4 (NH 4 ) 2 S].
    The compositions are generally water soluble and can be prepared, stored, and used in aqueous solutions. The thiocarbonate solutions of the invention are stable during prolonged periods of storage in a closed container, exhibit a low vapor pressure, and are not flammable. For soil fumigation, thiocarbonates can be mixed with fertilizers to provide a multi-functional application.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及使用分解形成二硫化碳和某些其它杀生物材料的组合物来熏蒸土壤，封闭空间，农产品和其他商品等的组合物。 这种熏蒸可用于控制细菌，真菌，昆虫，线虫，啮齿动物和杂草。 提供了一种组合物，其是铵，碱金属或碱土金属硫代碳酸盐或其混合物的水溶液，其包含加入的碱，添加的碱的浓度足以在溶液中产生高于7的pH。 这些“硫代碳酸酯”包括但不限于三硫代碳酸和四硫代碳酸的盐，具有中间到这些酸盐的经验式的组合物（例如MCS3.7，其中M是二价金属离子），以及含有除了 硫代碳酸盐[如稳定的含硫化铵的四硫代碳酸铵，即（NH4）2CDS4（NH4）2S]。 组合物通常是水溶性的，可以制备，储存并用于水溶液中。 本发明的硫代碳酸盐溶液在密闭容器中长时间储存​​期间是稳定的，呈现低蒸气压，并且不易燃。 对于土壤熏蒸，硫代碳酸盐可与肥料混合以提供多功能应用。

    Fumigation methods and compositions
    4.
    发明公开
    Fumigation methods and compositions 失效
    补充方法和组成

    公开(公告)号：EP0337503A3

    公开(公告)日：1990-05-02

    申请号：EP89110702.1

    申请日：1984-04-30

    Applicant: UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA

    Inventor： Young, Donald C. ,  Green II, James A.

    IPC: A01N25/18 ,  A01N59/06 ,  A01N59/02 ,  C05C9/00

    CPC classification number: A01N25/18 ,  A01N59/02 ,  A01N59/04 ,  A01N59/06

    Abstract: The invention is directed to compositions for the fumigation of soils, enclosed spaces, agricultural products and other commodities, etc., using compositions which decompose to form carbon disulfide and certain other biocidal materials. Such fumigation can be used to control bacteria, fungi, insects, nematodes, rodents, and weeds. A composition is provided which is an aqueous solution of ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal thiocarbonate or a mixture thereof, comprising an added base, the concentration of the added base being sufficient to produce a pH above 7 in the solution: These "thiocarbonates," include, without limitation, salts of trithiocarbonic acid and tetrathiocarbonic acid, compositions having empirical formulae intermediate to these acid salts (such as MCS 3.7 , wherein M is a divalent metal ion), and compositions containing substances in addition to thiocarbonates [such as a stabilized ammonium tetrathiocarbonate which contains ammonium sulfide, i.e. (NH 4 )- 2 CDS 4 (NH 4 ) 2 S]. The compositions are generally water soluble and can be prepared, stored, and used in aqueous solutions. The thiocarbonate solutions of the invention are stable during prolonged periods of storage in a closed container, exhibit a low vapor pressure, and are not flammable. For soil fumigation, thiocarbonates can be mixed with fertilizers to provide a multi-functional application.

    Pesticidal compositions and methods for controlling pests
    7.
    发明公开
    Pesticidal compositions and methods for controlling pests 失效
    Pestizide Zusammensetzungen。

    公开(公告)号：EP0274171A1

    公开(公告)日：1988-07-13

    申请号：EP87300147.3

    申请日：1987-01-08

    Applicant: UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA

    Inventor： Young, Donald C.

    IPC: A01N59/02 ,  A01N47/28

    CPC classification number: A01N59/02 ,  A01N47/28 ,  A01N2300/00

    Abstract: Pests are controlled by applying to the location of and/or to the path traversed by the pests a compo­sition comprising urea and sulfuric acid in which the urea/H₂SO₄ molar ratio is less than 2. Novel compo­sitions useful in such methods are also provided and comprise the described combinations of urea and sulfuric acid dispersed in a hydrocarbon oil. the novel methods and compositions are particularly useful for control­ing plant pests by applying the useful urea-sulfuric acid components to the plants or to the vicinity of plants occupied or traversed by such pests.

    Abstract translation: 通过施加到害虫的位置和/或路径的位置来控制害虫，其中尿素/ H 2 SO 4摩尔比小于2的组合物包含尿素和硫酸。还提供了可用于这些方法的新型组合物，包括 所述的分解在烃油中的尿素和硫酸的组合。 新颖的方法和组合物通过将有用的尿素 - 硫酸组分施用于植物或由这种害虫所占据或穿过的植物附近来控制植物害虫特别有用。

    Acid catalysts and methods of use
    9.
    发明公开
    Acid catalysts and methods of use 失效
    Saure Katalysatoren und Verfahren zur Verwendung。

    公开(公告)号：EP0274805A1

    公开(公告)日：1988-07-20

    申请号：EP87300296.8

    申请日：1987-01-14

    Applicant: UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA

    Inventor： Young, Donald C.

    IPC: B01J31/02

    CPC classification number: C25F5/00 ,  A01N59/02 ,  B01J31/0247 ,  C05C9/00 ,  C23C18/38 ,  C23F11/04 ,  C25D3/02 ,  C25D3/38 ,  H05K3/07 ,  A01N2300/00 ,  C05G3/0064

    Abstract: Compositions containing sulfuric acid and one or more of certain chalcogen-containing compounds in which the chalcogen compound H 2 SO 4 molar ratio is below 2 contain the mono-adduct of sulfuric acid which is catalytically active for promoting organic chemical reactions. Suitable chalcogen-containing compounds have the empirical formula '
    wherein X is a chalcogen, each of R 1 and R 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, NR 3 R 4 and NR 5 , at least one of R 1 and R 2 is other than hydrogen, each of R 3 and R 4 is hydrogen or a monovalent organic radical, and R 5 is a divalent organic radical. Such compositions are useful for catalzying organic reactions such as oxidation, oxidative addition, reduction, reductive addition, esterification, transesterification, hydrogenation, isomerisation (including racemization of optical isomers), alkylation, polymerization, demetallization of organometallics, nitration, Friedel-Crafts reactions, and hydrolysis. Novel catalysts are disclosed which involve combinations of the chalcogen compound-sulfuric acid compositions with one or more transition metal halides and/or with one or more surfactants. The surfactant-containing compositions are particularly useful for the treatment of materials containing lipophilic substances. Novel compositions containing a chalcogen compound-sulfuric acid component and one or more organic reactants are also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 含有硫酸和硫族化合物/ H 2 SO 4摩尔比低于2的某些含硫属化合物的一种或多种组合物含有催化活性的促进有机化学反应的硫酸单加成物。 合适的含硫族元素的化合物具有经验式R 1 -R 2，其中X是硫族元素，R 1和R 2各自独立地选自氢，NR 3 R 4和NR 5，R 1和R 2中的至少一个不是氢，R 3 R4为氢或一价有机基团，R5为二价有机基团。 这样的组合物可用于催化有机反应，例如氧化，氧化加成，还原，还原加成，酯化，酯交换，氢化，异构化（包括光学异构体的外消旋化），烷基化，聚合，有机金属化合物的脱金属化，硝化，Friedel-Crafts反应， 和水解。 公开了新型催化剂，其涉及硫族化合物 - 硫酸组合物与一种或多种过渡金属卤化物和/或与一种或多种表面活性剂的组合。 含表面活性剂的组合物特别可用于处理含有亲脂性物质的材料。 还公开了含有硫属化合物 - 硫酸组分和一种或多种有机反应物的新型组合物。

    Systemic herbicidal compositions and methods of use
    10.
    发明公开
    Systemic herbicidal compositions and methods of use 无效
    Zusammensetzungen von Systemherbiziden und Verfahren zu deren Verwendung。

    公开(公告)号：EP0243522A1

    公开(公告)日：1987-11-04

    申请号：EP86105942.6

    申请日：1986-04-30

    Applicant: UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA

    Inventor： Young, Donald C.

    IPC: A01N59/02 ,  C05G3/02

    CPC classification number: C05G3/02 ,  A01N59/02 ,  A01N57/20 ,  A01N47/30 ,  A01N47/28 ,  A01N47/20 ,  A01N43/90 ,  A01N43/64 ,  A01N43/58 ,  A01N43/40 ,  A01N41/06 ,  A01N33/22 ,  A01N2300/00

    Abstract: Liquid herbicidal compositions having systemic herbicidal activity comprise aqueous solutions containing one or more systemic herbicides chemically stable in the solution, and an amount of urea and sulfuric acid sufficient to accentuate the activity of the systemic herbicide. The molar ratio of urea to sulfuric acid is within the range of about 1/4 to about 7/4 so that at least about 25 percent of the sulfuric acid is present in the composition as the monourea-sulfuric acid adduct. The monourea adduct also acts as a contact herbicide and thereby assists in the immediate control of treated vegetation. Solid compositions comprising combinations of systemic herbicides, urea and sulfuric acid, with and without surfactants, and methods of using the aqueous solutions are also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 具有全身除草活性的液体除草组合物包含含有在溶液中化学稳定的一种或多种全身除草剂的水溶液，以及足以强调全身除草剂活性的量的尿素和硫酸。 尿素与硫酸的摩尔比在约1/4至约7/4的范围内，使得至少约25％的硫酸作为单脲 - 硫酸加合物存在于组合物中。 单脲加合物也作为接触除草剂，从而有助于立即控制被处理的植被。 还公开了包含全身除草剂，尿素和硫酸，有和没有表面活性剂的组合的固体组合物，以及使用该水溶液的方法。

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