公开(公告)号：WO1982004370A1

公开(公告)日：1982-12-09

申请号：PCT/US1982000756

申请日：1982-06-01

Applicant: VAPOR CORP

Inventor： VAPOR CORP ,  MCKENNEY JAMES LEE

IPC: H05B01/02

CPC classification number: F24D11/002 ,  F28D2020/006 ,  F28D2020/0082

Abstract: An energy storage system for using electrical energy during "off-peak" periods thereby "equalizing" electric generating capacity and improving the efficiency of an electrical utility system employs a heat storage fluid, either liquid or gas, stored in a single elongated master tank (6) and at least one elongated slave tank (7). The master and slave tanks (6, 7) are vertically disposed and are each provided with an electric immersion heater (60, 61) controlled by a temperature controller (52, 52a) and energized during "off-peak" periods by conventional controls to heat the storage fluid to a high temperature. Bottom outlets on the tanks (6, 7) are connected in parallel to the inlet of a variable output pump (25) which circulates the heat storage fluid through the central conduit (22) of a concentric tube heat exchanger (20), disposed coaxially about the lower extremity of master tank (6), and back to the tanks (6, 7) through a tank sidewall inlet. An aquastat (59) responsive to the temperature of heating system water flowing through annular flow space (23) of heat exchanger (20) controls theoutput of pump (25) in accordance with heating system demand. Each tank (6, 7) is provided with a vertical standpipe (53, 54) having an open top (50, 51), a bottom connected to the tank outlet and a small lower orifice (41, 42) located below the tank inlet. The standpipe (53, 54) apportions flow of heat storage fluid between the upper and lower portions of the tank in accordance with pump output and establishes an ascending thermocline in the tank between the heat storage fluid returned through the tank inlet and the higher temperature heat storage fluid remaining in the tank to minimize mixing and temperature dilution therein so that heat can be supplied to the system water at temperatures consistently higher than would be available with the prior art horizontal tank configurations. The disclosed heater reduces piping and weight, eliminates necessity of a thermal mixing valve and minimizes "flashing" of the heated system water.

Abstract translation: 在“非高峰期”期间使用电能的能量存储系统，由此“均衡”发电能力并提高电力公用事业系统的效率采用存储在单个细长主箱（或液体或气体） 6）和至少一个细长的从槽（7）。 主从箱（6,7）是垂直设置的，并且每个设置有由温度控制器（52,52a）控制的电浸式加热器（60,61），并且在“非高峰”期间通过常规控制被激活 将储存液体加热至高温。 水箱（6,7）上的底部出口与可变输出泵（25）的入口并联连接，可变输出泵（25）使储热流体循环通过同轴管式热交换器（20）的中心导管（22），同心管式换热器 关于主油箱（6）的下端，并通过油箱侧壁入口回到油箱（6,7）。 响应于热交换器（20）的环形流动空间（23）的加热系统水的温度的积水（59）根据加热系统需求来控制泵（25）的输出。 每个罐（6,7）设置有垂直立管（53,54），其具有敞开的顶部（50,51），连接到罐出口的底部和位于罐入口下方的小的下孔口（41,42） 。 立管（53,54）根据泵输出在储罐的上部和下部之间分配蓄热流体的流动，并且在罐中通过罐入口返回的蓄热流体与较高温度的热量之间建立上升温跃层 保留在罐中的储存液体以最小化其中的混合和温度稀释，使得可以以比现有技术的水平箱构造可用的温度始终高的温度向系统水供应热量。 所公开的加热器减少管道和重量，消除了热混合阀的必要性，并使加热的系统水的“闪烁”最小化。

公开(公告)号：EP0081567A4

公开(公告)日：1983-09-30

申请号：EP82902229

申请日：1982-06-01

Applicant: VAPOR CORP

Inventor： MCKENNEY JAMES LEE

IPC: F24D11/00 ,  H05B1/02 ,  F24H7/04

CPC classification number: F24D11/002 ,  F28D2020/006 ,  F28D2020/0082

Abstract: An energy storage system for using electrical energy during "off-peak" periods thereby "equalizing" electric generating capacity and improving the efficiency of an electrical utility system employs a heat storage fluid, either liquid or gas, stored in a single elongated master tank (6) and at least one elongated slave tank (7). The master and slave tanks (6, 7) are vertically disposed and are each provided with an electric immersion heater (60, 61) controlled by a temperature controller (52, 52a) and energized during "off-peak" periods by conventional controls to heat the storage fluid to a high temperature. Bottom outlets on the tanks (6, 7) are connected in parallel to the inlet of a variable output pump (25) which circulates the heat storage fluid through the central conduit (22) of a concentric tube heat exchanger (20), disposed coaxially about the lower extremity of master tank (6), and back to the tanks (6, 7) through a tank sidewall inlet. An aquastat (59) responsive to the temperature of heating system water flowing through annular flow space (23) of heat exchanger (20) controls theoutput of pump (25) in accordance with heating system demand. Each tank (6, 7) is provided with a vertical standpipe (53, 54) having an open top (50, 51), a bottom connected to the tank outlet and a small lower orifice (41, 42) located below the tank inlet. The standpipe (53, 54) apportions flow of heat storage fluid between the upper and lower portions of the tank in accordance with pump output and establishes an ascending thermocline in the tank between the heat storage fluid returned through the tank inlet and the higher temperature heat storage fluid remaining in the tank to minimize mixing and temperature dilution therein so that heat can be supplied to the system water at temperatures consistently higher than would be available with the prior art horizontal tank configurations. The disclosed heater reduces piping and weight, eliminates necessity of a thermal mixing valve and minimizes "flashing" of the heated system water.

公开(公告)号：GB2105873B

公开(公告)日：1986-03-05

申请号：GB8220386

申请日：1982-07-14

Applicant: VAPOR CORP

Inventor： STEVENSON ROBERT HOUSTON ,  MCKENNEY JAMES LEE

IPC: G05D23/275 ,  F24H7/00 ,  H05B1/02

Abstract: A load controller, primarily intended for use in systems having geographically distributed, energy utilizing loads, and employing stored energy heating apparatus. The controller (1, 10) disclosed, in conjunction with a stored energy heater (3, 4), when installed on an energy distribution system having a multiplicity of heaters and controllers, adjusts individual heater storage (3), providing adequate energy for varying heat requirements of individual heaters after a mandatory "off" period (46, 47, 49, 51), thereby greatly reducing the overall peak energy or demand requirements on a central energy source. Alternate embodiments utilize a microprocessor (300) to provide close control of heater storage and improve efficiency. Digital display (307) and a keyboard input are provided for adjusting system constants and evaluating unit operation.

公开(公告)号：GB2105873A

公开(公告)日：1983-03-30

申请号：GB8220386

申请日：1982-07-14

Applicant: VAPOR CORP

Inventor： STEVENSON ROBERT HOUSTON ,  MCKENNEY JAMES LEE

IPC: G05D23/275 ,  F24H7/00 ,  H05B1/02

Abstract: A load controller, intended for use with a stored energy heating apparatus and similar to that of Specn. No. 2042767A, is described. Further control arrangements use a microprocessor to ensure that a thermal storage heater has received an appropriate charge at the end of a supply "on" period, the processor basing its calculated value of desired storage temperature on the heat store temperature drop during one or more discharge periods, and receiving updated inputs of ambient and storage temperature during a charging period. Digital display and a keyboard input are provided for adjusting system constants and evaluating unit operation. A further refinement permits the processor to ensure that charge rate is limited if a maximum permitted electrical demand of the premises would otherwise be exceeded.

公开(公告)号：GB2134643B

公开(公告)日：1986-06-18

申请号：GB8230038

申请日：1982-10-21

Applicant: VAPOR CORP

Inventor： MCKENNEY JAMES LEE

IPC: F24D11/00 ,  F24H1/18

公开(公告)号：GB2134643A

公开(公告)日：1984-08-15

申请号：GB8230038

申请日：1982-10-21

Applicant: VAPOR CORP

Inventor： MCKENNEY JAMES LEE

IPC: F24D11/00 ,  F24H1/18

Abstract: A system for heating fluid includes a storage tank 10 for accumulating and storing energy in the form of high temperature liquid, an electrical immersion heater 12, and pilot and primary heat exchangers 16, 18 immersed in the tank. A first fluid circuit is in fluid communication with the primary heat exchanger. A mixing valve 46 is in fluid communication with the pilot and primary heat exchangers. A flow sensitive spring loaded check valve 66 is located in the second fluid circuit for adjusting fluid flow from the primary heat exchanger 18 to the mixing valve 46 as flow through the pilot exchanger 16 increases owing to heating demand. The system also includes an additional heat exchanger 70 immersed in the storage tank having a plurality of parallel U-shaped heating coils 72. The system also includes a second condenser 82 in fluid communication with the heating coils defined by a spray tube 84 and an outer concentric shell 96.