Abstract:
Procedimiento de control de calidad de látex de polímeros vinílicos halogenados durante la polimerizacion en emulsion acuosa en el que se hace incidir una radiacion luminosa directamente sobre la emulsion acuosa, se capta y se transmite, a un espectrofotometro de infrarrojo proximo, la luz difusa reflejada por las partículas polímeras del látex en la banda espectral situada entre 1100 y 2500 nm y se mide la luz difusa reflejada de ciertas longitudes de onda especificas relacionadas por ecuaciones de correlacion con propiedades específicas del látex controlado. Dispositivo para el control de calidad de látex en un reactor durante la polimerizacion que comprende esencialmente una sonda de medida dispuesta en el reactor, un enlace optico de dicha sonda con un espectrofotomero de infrarrojo proximo provisto de medios para emitir la luz y para captar la luz difusa reflejada y de un ordenador que tienen en memoria las ecuaciones de correlacion.
Abstract:
Un arreglo para medir los parámetros deseados de un lente de contacto mediante seccionamiento optico el cual comprende un sostén de apoyo sobre el cual se coloca el lente de contacto. El sostén de apoyo incluye un contenedor en el cual se coloca un pedestal y el contenedor se llena con solucion salina. El lente de contacto se coloca sobre el pedestal sumergido completamente en la solucion salina. Se genera una línea de luz y se dirige haciendo reflexiones y conformando elementos opticos sobre el borde del contenedor y a través de un diámetro seleccionado del lente de contacto. Una cámara de reflexion detecta y forma una imagen de la luz dispersa en las superficies del lente de contacto en el diámetro seleccionado el cual se captura mediante un gancho de marco y se almacena digitalmente durante el procesamiento de imágenes subsecuente y la determinacion de los parámetros deseados del lente de contacto. El análisis provee por lo menos cuatro parámetros básicos del lente de contacto incluyendo el diámetro (D), radio frontal de curvatura (FC), radio posterior de curvatura (BC) y grosor central (CT), y puede proveer también el radio de la curva lenticular, el radio de la curva periférica, la altura sagital, formas no esféricas y desviaciones de las diferentes curvaturas medidas y la potencia del lente.
Abstract:
Un aspecto de la presente invencion proporciona un metodo para arreglar de forma sistematica muestras de color de pintura para hojeado e identificacion conveniente de colores deseados por compradores. Se arreglan tarjetas de muestras de color de pintura en una superficie de exhibicion bidimensional tal que los colores de tono similar se categoricen o agrupen conjuntamente (por ejemplo, a lo largo de una columna). Los grupos de las tarjetas de muestras de color de pintura que tienen diferente color o tono base se arreglan tal que hay una transicion gradual entre los colores de pintura desde una region a la siguiente region. Por ejemplo, los colores de las tarjetas de muestra pueden cambiar gradualmente de columna a columna a traves de una exhibicion bidimensional. Adicionalmente, dentro de cada grupo de color, las tarjetas de muestras de color de pintura se arreglan desde los colores mas cromaticos a los menos cromaticos. Otro aspecto de la invencion proporciona tarjeta de muestra de color acentuando que se va a exhibir adyacentes a los diferentes grupos de color base.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus to optimize a characteristic of measured data in an adjustable instrument for chemical analysis. The characteristic is measured at a plurality of adjustment points about a start point. Through parabolic interpolation of the data a conjugate vector is formed and the best operating point thereon is selected. Then measurements of the characteristic are taken as a function of the adjustable parameters about the best point on the conjugate vector. These data are used in a parabolic interpolation to define a second conjugate vector. The best operating point on the second conjugate vector is the optimum point of the instrument.
Abstract:
(57) The invention is directed to an acousto-optic dispersive tight analyzer (AODLF) which is an electronically adjustable spectroscopic device capable of instantaneously monitoring many wavelengths with a fixed drive frequency. The AODLF has about a one octave range, whose center is selected by changing the RF. The resolution of the AODLF in the infrared is several thousand, and it is electronically adjustable.
Abstract:
To provide sufficient sensitivity, spectral resolution and speed of measurement for field environmental measurements in a portable spectroradiometer, a silicon photodiode receives light: (1) having a bandwidth in the range of between 2 and 15 nm (nanometers) from a pivotable concave holographic diffraction grating within the wavelength range of between 250 and 1150 nm at a scanning rate in the range of 20 to 100 nm per second; (2) having stray light of high intensity and undesired frequencies and the shorter wavelength harmonics of the selected frequency range blocked by filters; and (3) having flux of a least 10 microwatts per square meter of diffuser plate for each nanometer of bandwidth. Automatic electrical zeroing is obtained by blocking all light once at the beginning of each scan, obtaining an electrical drift-related signal and using the drift signal to ad- just the measured signal during the scan. Several different sensing interfaces can be used, including a quartz, light fiber probe having at least a 50% packing density and a cone angle of at least 24 degrees. The data and the programming storage is at least 30K bytes but the instrument uses no more than two watts of power when the instrument is not scanning.
Abstract:
A small liquid sample to be tested is contained within an annulus (18) on the upper surface (14) of a substrate (12). A reagent diffuses into the sample through a membrane (28) in a junction hole (26), the junction hole connecting upper (14) and lower (16) surfaces of the substrates. Optical measuring equipment (70, 72) detects a measurable change in an optical property of the sample. Alternatively, flow of gas (30) directed at a small liquid sample (24), contained within an annulus on the surface (14) of a substrate (12), causes the sample to flow in a controlled manner over the surface of an electrode (20), disposed on the substrate surface (14). In another alternative, an electrode (20) is disposed in a non-homogeneous sample (24).
Abstract:
A technique for improving the resolution of an A/D converter (30). The input analog signal is sampled to generate an analog level and the analog level is held (20) for an interval. A dither signal (22) is superimposed (23) on the held level to generate a fluctuating voltage. This fluctuating voltage is then sampled (25) a plurality of at least N times, and N sampled values are communicated to the A/D converter (30) so that N digitized values are generated. These digitized values are averaged (32) to provide an output having a digitization error reduced by a factor of up to N .
Abstract:
A spectrophotometric neural network assists in the color matching process for pigments. The self-teaching system provides an accurate means of automating the determination of pigment recipes for color matching. The neural network uses the reflectivity values (R1-R5) obtained through a spectrophotometric scan as input to the process. Full automation of such a system employs the interface of a neural network, a computer, a spectrophotometer, and pigment-mixing equipment.
Abstract:
An automatic non-destructive real time infrared system includes a special bundle of fiber optics having the ability to convey infrared light waves to solid organic-base compounds and receive reflected infrared light waves from the same. A sample of a manufactured solid compound or organic-base is conveyed by mechanical and pneumatic means (15, 18) to a holding receptacle (4) located under the field of view of the fiber optics probe (19). The probe (19) is directly linked to a spectrophotometer to obtain a spectrum. The spectrophotometer is linked to a computer system (10) determining the exact dissolution measurement of each manufactured solid organic-base compound. The compacted solid of organic-base compound is released from the receptacle (4) by an ejection means (18) to be dispensed in a holding container (23) for storage. The storage container (23) maintains the sample sequence. A new sample is dispensed to the holding receptacle (4) allowing for new measurement of dissolution.