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    Semiconductor structure having a virtual diffraction grating
    101.
    发明授权
    Semiconductor structure having a virtual diffraction grating 失效
    具有虚拟衍射光栅的半导体结构

    公开(公告)号：US5821570A

    公开(公告)日：1998-10-13

    申请号：US374313

    申请日：1995-01-18

    Applicant: Christophe Kazmierski ,  Didier Robein

    Inventor： Christophe Kazmierski ,  Didier Robein

    IPC: G02F1/025 ,  H01S5/042 ,  H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/30 ,  H01L33/00

    CPC classification number: H01S5/1228 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F2201/305 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  H01S5/0425 ,  H01S5/305

    Abstract: Semiconductor structure having a virtual diffraction grating. This structure comprises an intermediate semiconductor layer (4) between two other semiconductor layers (6,8) having opposite dopings and on one side of the intermediate layer a periodic arrangement or layout (12,14) able to spatially modulate the distribution of the charge carriers or the electric field in said intermediate layer when an electric current is injected into the p-n junction formed by the two other layers or said junction is reverse biased. The periodic arrangement is located in one of the first and second semiconductor layers and is constituted by a sequence of first semiconductor zones having a doping below 10.sup.19 cm.sup.-3 and of the opposite type to that of the semiconductor layer in which the periodic arrangement is located, alternating with second semiconductor zones having the same doping type as that of the semiconductor layer in which the periodic arrangement is located. Application to distributed feedback laser diodes or distributed Bragg reflectors.

    Abstract translation: 具有虚拟衍射光栅的半导体结构。 该结构包括在具有相反掺杂的两个其它半导体层（6,8）之间的中间半导体层（4），并且在中间层的一侧上具有能够空间调制电荷分布的周期性排列或布局（12,14） 当电流注入到由两个其它层形成的pn结中时，所述中间层中的载流子或电场被反向偏置。 周期性布置位于第一和第二半导体层中的一个中，并且由具有1019cm-3以下的掺杂的第一半导体区域的序列构成，并且与周期性布置所在的半导体层的掺杂相反 与具有与周期性布置所在的半导体层相同的掺杂类型的第二半导体区交替。 应用于分布式反馈激光二极管或分布式布拉格反射器。

    Optical device having switching function
    102.
    发明授权
    Optical device having switching function 失效
    具有开关功能的光学器件

    公开(公告)号：US5812709A

    公开(公告)日：1998-09-22

    申请号：US656384

    申请日：1996-05-31

    Applicant: Hideaki Arai ,  Hisato Uetsuka ,  Kenji Akiba

    Inventor： Hideaki Arai ,  Hisato Uetsuka ,  Kenji Akiba

    IPC: G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/313 ,  H04B10/27 ,  H04B10/29 ,  H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02 ,  G02B6/26

    CPC classification number: G02B6/29352 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02F1/3136 ,  H04J14/0206 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  G02B2006/12145 ,  G02B2006/12164 ,  G02B6/29398 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  G02F2203/055 ,  H04J14/0209 ,  H04J14/0219

    Abstract: An optical device having a switching function has a waveguide filter for switching whether input signal light of including at least one specific wavelength should be transmitted or reflected. The input signal lights of wavelength of .lambda..sub.1 .about..lambda.n are transmitted to the input waveguide. When the waveguide filter is off, the signal lights of all wavelength are transmitted to the output port. When the waveguide filter is on, the signal light of wavelength of .lambda..sub.2 .about..lambda.n are transmitted, but the signal light of wavelength of .lambda..sub.2 is reversed and output to the drop port. If the thin film heaters are off, a signal light of wavelength of .lambda..sub.1 is output (dropped) from the drop port. If the thin film heaters are on, it is reversed and transmitted to the output port.

    Abstract translation: 具有切换功能的光学装置具有波导滤波器，用于切换是否应传输或反射包括至少一个特定波长的输入信号光。 λ1差分λn波长的输入信号光被传输到输入波导。 当波导滤波器关闭时，所有波长的信号光都传输到输出端口。 当波导滤波器打开时，波长为λ2 DIFFERENCEλn的信号光被发送，但波长为λ2的信号光反向并输出到下降端口。 如果薄膜加热器关闭，则从下降口输出波长λ1的信号光（下降）。 如果薄膜加热器打开，则反转并传输到输出端口。

    Self frequency doubling laser material using semiconductor microcrystallite doped glasses
    104.
    发明授权
    Self frequency doubling laser material using semiconductor microcrystallite doped glasses 失效
    使用半导体微晶掺杂玻璃的自激倍增激光材料

    公开(公告)号：US5524011A

    公开(公告)日：1996-06-04

    申请号：US457612

    申请日：1995-06-01

    Applicant: Nabil M. Lawandy

    Inventor： Nabil M. Lawandy

    IPC: C03C14/00 ,  C03C23/00 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02F1/35 ,  G02F1/355 ,  G02F1/365 ,  G02F1/37 ,  G02F1/377 ,  G03H1/00 ,  G11B7/0065 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01S3/17 ,  H01S5/30 ,  H01S3/10

    CPC classification number: G11B7/0065 ,  C03C14/006 ,  C03C23/0005 ,  G02F1/3555 ,  G02F1/365 ,  G02F1/377 ,  G03H1/00 ,  H01S3/17 ,  C03C2214/16 ,  G02F1/3132 ,  G02F1/3517 ,  G02F1/37 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  G03H2001/0268 ,  H01S3/109 ,  H01S5/30

    Abstract: There is described a semiconductor microcrystallite doped glass that exhibits SHG, and a method of preparing, or encoding, a semiconductor microcrystallite doped glass by the simultaneous injection of fundamental and second harmonic fields, such as 1.06 .mu.m and 532 nm. More specifically, the disclosure pertains to a structure that exhibits SHG, the structure being comprised of, by example, borosilicate glass that contains CdS.sub.x Se.sub.1-x microcrystallites. Also disclosed are embodiments of devices having an optical waveguide structure formed within a glass substrate that contains semiconductor microcrystallites. The optical waveguide structure guides and contains injected radiation and also converts a portion thereof to the second harmonic. Also disclosed are optoelectronic devices that include frequency doublers, self-doubling lasant material, bichromatic optical switches, and a volume holographic medium, all of which include a glass host having semiconductor microcrystallites embedded within.

    Abstract translation: 描述了显示SHG的半导体微晶掺杂玻璃，以及通过同时注入基波和二次谐波场（例如1.06μm和532nm）制备或编码半导体微晶掺杂玻璃的方法。 更具体地，本公开涉及显示SHG的结构，该结构由例如包含CdS x Se 1-x微晶的硼硅酸盐玻璃组成。 还公开了具有在包含半导体微晶的玻璃基板内形成的光波导结构的器件的实施例。 光波导结构引导并包含注入的辐射，并将其部分转换成二次谐波。 还公开了包括频率倍增器，自加倍惰性材料，双色​​光学开关和体积全息介质的光电子器件，所有这些都包括嵌入其中的半导体微晶的玻璃主体。

    Optical fiber grating based sensor
    106.
    发明授权
    Optical fiber grating based sensor 失效
    基于光纤光栅的传感器

    公开(公告)号：US5394488A

    公开(公告)日：1995-02-28

    申请号：US159876

    申请日：1993-11-30

    Applicant: Mark R. Fernald ,  Bruce D. Hockaday

    Inventor： Mark R. Fernald ,  Bruce D. Hockaday

    IPC: G01H9/00 ,  G02F1/095 ,  G02F1/09

    CPC classification number: G02F1/095 ,  G01H9/004 ,  G02F2201/307

    Abstract: An optical speed sensor includes a laser diode 10 that provides a broadband source light 12 to a coupler 18 which provides a source light 22 to a fiber Bragg grating 26 which reflects a first reflection wavelength of light 28 and passes the remainder as a light 30. The light 30 is incident on another fiber Bragg grating 32 which reflects a second reflection wavelength of light 34. The power of an output signal 40 is indicative of the reflected light beams 34,28, and is measured by a photodetector 46. The gratings 26,32 are mounted on a magnetostrictive material 60 which is connected to a permanent magnet 62 which is connected to a material 70 which conducts magnetic fields. The material 60 expands and contracts in response to the strength of magnetic fields therein. The reflection wavelengths for both gratings 26,32 are the same when the tooth 100 is not nearby, thereby causing the output signal 40 to be primarily equal to the reflected light 28. However, when the tooth 100 is nearby, the material 60 and the grating 32 expands causing the reflection wavelengths to separate, thereby causing the power of the output signal 40 to increase. Because both gratings 26,32 are on the same material thermal expansions will have no effect on the sensor measurement. Alternatively, one of the gratings 26,32 may be mounted to the material 70 or the magnet 62. The detection may performed in either reflection or transmission mode.

    Abstract translation: 光学速度传感器包括激光二极管10，激光二极管10向耦合器18提供宽带源光12，耦合器18将光源22提供给反射光28的第一反射波长的光纤布拉格光栅26，并将其余部分作为光30传递。 光30入射到反射光34的第二反射波长的另一个光纤布拉格光栅32上。输出信号40的功率表示反射光束34,28，并由光电检测器46测量。光栅26 ，32安装在磁致伸缩材料60上，磁致伸缩材料60连接到永磁体62，永磁体62连接到传导磁场的材料70。 材料60响应于其中的磁场的强度而膨胀和收缩。 当齿100不在附近时，两个光栅26,32的反射波长相同，从而使得输出信号40主要等于反射光28.然而，当齿100在附近时，材料60和 光栅32膨胀，导致反射波长分离，从而导致输出信号40的功率增加。 因为两个光栅26,32处于相同的材料上，热膨胀将对传感器测量没有影响。 或者，光栅26,32中的一个可以安装到材料70或磁体62上。检测可以以反射或透射模式进行。

    Optical devices incorporating slow wave structures
    107.
    发明授权
    Optical devices incorporating slow wave structures 失效
    结合慢波结构的光学器件

    公开(公告)号：US5311605A

    公开(公告)日：1994-05-10

    申请号：US989778

    申请日：1992-12-14

    Applicant: William J. Stewart

    Inventor： William J. Stewart

    IPC: G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02B6/28 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02B6/26

    CPC classification number: G02F1/011 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02B6/2861 ,  G02F2201/20 ,  G02F2201/307

    Abstract: An optical device comprising a length of optical waveguide (1) having incorporated therein an extended sequence of coupled single resonator structures (9) so as to form an optical slow wave structure. The sequence of resonator structures is suitably formed by a Bragg diffraction grating pattern (7) extending along the waveguide.

    Abstract translation: 一种光学装置，包括一长度的光波导（1），其中并入有耦合的单个谐振器结构（9）的扩展序列，以便形成光学慢波结构。 谐振器结构的顺序通过沿着波导延伸的布拉格衍射光栅图案（7）适当地形成。

    Optical signal processing devices
    108.
    发明授权
    Optical signal processing devices 失效
    光信号处理装置

    公开(公告)号：US4142775A

    公开(公告)日：1979-03-06

    申请号：US727047

    申请日：1976-09-27

    Applicant: Vellayan Ramaswamy ,  Robert D. Standley

    Inventor： Vellayan Ramaswamy ,  Robert D. Standley

    IPC: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/313 ,  G02B5/14

    CPC classification number: G02F1/225 ,  G02F1/3136 ,  G02F2201/307 ,  G02F2203/055

    Abstract: Optical signal processing devices, primarily intended for use in integrated optical communication systems, include 3 dB coupled strip guide directional couplers. Each coupler is formed in a body of electrooptic material and includes electrodes bracketing at least one of the guides in the coupled region. Each coupler is fabricated so as to be overcoupled (i.e., greater than 3 dB coupling) when the coupling is synchronous. Voltage bias, supplied to the electrodes of each coupler, produces sufficient asynchronism to independently adjust each coupler to the desired 3 dB coupling condition. Permutation switches are produced by including a switchable phase shifter between two couplers. Channel drop filters are produced by including reflection gratings between two couplers. Differential phase detectors, for a pulse code modulation system, are produced by including a selected path length difference between the two strip guides connecting two couplers. A photolithographic technique for producing the required electrodes in precise registry with the strip guide couplers (typically characterized by 3 micrometer spacings) includes the use of the primary strip guide mask and a secondary mask to produce a photolithographic mask for defining the electrodes.

    Abstract translation: 主要用于集成光通信系统的光信号处理设备包括3 dB耦合条导向定向耦合器。 每个耦合器形成在电光材料体中，并且包括围绕耦合区域中的至少一个引导件的电极。 当耦合是同步的时，每个耦合器被制造成过耦合（即，大于3dB耦合）。 提供给每个耦合器的电极的电压偏压产生足够的异步，以将每个耦合器独立地调整到所需的3 dB耦合条件。 通过在两个耦合器之间包括可切换移相器来产生置换开关。 信道降滤波器是通过在两个耦合器之间包括反射光栅来产生的。 用于脉冲编码调制系统的差分相位检测器通过在连接两个耦合器的两个条形引导件之间包括选定的路径长度差来产生。 用于产生精确对准带状引导耦合器（通常以3微米间隔为特征）的所需电极的光刻技术包括使用主条引导掩模和次掩模以产生用于限定电极的光刻掩模。

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