公开(公告)号：US4766244A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-23

申请号：US925358

申请日：1986-10-30

Applicant: Zenon Lysenko

Inventor： Zenon Lysenko

IPC: B01J23/44 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/13 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C213/02 ,  C07C215/80 ,  C08G73/22 ,  C07C85/11

CPC classification number: C07C201/12 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C08G73/22

Abstract: High purity 4,6-dinitro-1,3-benzenediol is prepared by (a) contacting a 1,2,3-trihalobenzene with a nitrating agent and an acid under reaction conditions such that a 1,2,3-trihalo-4,6-dinitrobenzene is produced, (b) contacting the 1,2,3-trihalo-4,6-dinitrobenzene prepared in (a) with an alkanol and a base under reaction conditions such that a 4,6-dinitro-2-halo-1,3-benzenediol is produced, and (c) contacting the 4,6-dinitro-2-halo-1,3-benzenediol prepared in (b) with a hydrogenating agent in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst under reaction conditions such that a 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzenediol is produced. This 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzenediol is useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polybenzoxazoles.

公开(公告)号：US4746642A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-24

申请号：US671359

申请日：1984-11-14

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher

IPC: B01J27/24 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  B01J27/02 ,  B01J23/00

CPC classification number: B01J27/24 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Catalysts comprising the adduct of a Group 4b-Group 3b metal oxide composition represented by the empirical formula:(M.sup.1.sub.a M.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.c).sub.x (NO.sub.2).sub.ywherein M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from Group 4b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from Group 3b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, a is 1, b is 0.05 to 20, c is a number taken to satisfy the average valences of M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 in the oxidation states in which they exist in the composition, x is 1, and y is 0 to c, and a catalytically effective amount of sulfur trioxide are useful to catalyze the nitration of aromatic compounds in the vapor phase to produce nitroaromatic compounds. The catalysts are particularly effective to catalyze the vapor phase nitration of chlorobenzene and are characterized in such reaction by providing a para/ortho isomer distribution ratio of at least about 2/1.

Abstract translation: 包含由经验式：（M1aM2bOc）x（NO2）y表示的第4b族第3b族金属氧化物组合物的加合物的催化剂，其中M1是选自元素周期表第4b族元素中的至少一种元素，M2在 选自元素周期表第3b族中的至少一种元素，a为1，b为0.05〜20，c为满足在组成中存在的氧化态的M1和M2的平均化合价数 ，x为1，y为0至c，催化有效量的三氧化硫可用于催化气相中芳族化合物的硝化以产生硝基芳族化合物。 催化剂特别有效地催化氯苯的气相硝化，并且通过提供至少约2/1的对位/邻位异构体分布比来表征其在这种反应中。

公开(公告)号：US4723043A

公开(公告)日：1988-02-02

申请号：US882515

申请日：1986-07-07

Applicant: Serge Ratton

Inventor： Serge Ratton

IPC: C07C205/22 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C79/32

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16

Abstract: Substituted phenols are nitrated by contacting same with a 10 to 70% by weight concentrated aqueous solution of nitric acid. The subject nitration process is well adopted for the preparation, e.g., of 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol, a valuable intermediate in the production of various agrochemicals/pharmaceuticals.

Abstract translation: 通过使其与10至70重量％浓度的硝酸水溶液接触来将取代的酚硝化。 目标硝化方法被广泛用于制备例如2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯酚（生产各种农用化学品/药物中的有价值的中间体）。

公开(公告)号：US4713232A

公开(公告)日：1987-12-15

申请号：US896094

申请日：1986-08-13

Applicant: Chang-Hwa Chin ,  Anthony C. F. Edmonds ,  Colin M. Evans

Inventor： Chang-Hwa Chin ,  Anthony C. F. Edmonds ,  Colin M. Evans

IPC: B01D53/46 ,  A62D3/00 ,  A62D3/40 ,  A62D101/06 ,  A62D101/26 ,  A62D101/28 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01D53/72 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07B63/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C01B21/46 ,  C01B21/38

CPC classification number: A62D3/40 ,  C07B43/02 ,  A62D2101/06 ,  A62D2101/26 ,  A62D2101/28 ,  Y10S149/124

Abstract: A process for the management of by-product tetranitromethane (TNM) which avoids the hazards of the prior art isolation or extraction procedures. A selected in-plant liquid or vapor stream, or a reactor off-gas stream from nitration or nitric acid oxidation plant, which contains TNM, is heated to effectively pyrolyze the TNM without undue losses of nitric acid values.

公开(公告)号：US4618733A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-21

申请号：US671253

申请日：1984-11-14

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher

IPC: B01J27/02 ,  B01J27/04 ,  B01J27/24 ,  C07B31/00 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C79/10

CPC classification number: C07B43/02 ,  B01J27/24 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Aromatic compounds are nitrated in the vapor phase via a process comprising contacting the aromatic compounds with a nitrating agent in the presence of a nitration promoting catalyst comprising the adduct of a Group 4b-Group 3b metal oxide composition represented by the empirical formula:(M.sup.1.sub.a M.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.c).sub.x (NO.sub.2).sub.ywherein M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from Group 4b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from Group 3b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, a is 1, b is 0 to 20, c is a number taken to satisfy the average valences of M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 in the oxidation states in which they exist in the composition, x is 1, and y is 0 to c, and a catalytically effective amount of sulfur trioxide. Such catalysts are particularly effective to catalyze the vapor phase nitration of chlorobenzene and are characterized in such reaction by providing a para/ortho isomer distribution ratio of at least about 2/1.

Abstract translation: 芳族化合物在蒸气相中通过包括在硝化促进催化剂存在下使芳族化合物与硝化剂接触的方法进行硝化，所述催化剂包含由经验式：（M1aM2bOc）表示的第4b族第3b族金属氧化物组合物的加合物， x（NO 2）y，其中M1是选自元素周期表的第4b族中的至少一种元素，M2是选自元素周期表的第3b族中的至少一种元素，a是1，b是0〜 在图20中，c是为了满足组合物中存在的氧化态的M1和M2的平均化合价，x为1，y为0〜c，催化有效量的三氧化硫。 这种催化剂特别有效地催化氯苯的气相硝化，并且通过提供至少约2/1的对位/邻位异构体分布比来表征这种反应。

公开(公告)号：US4505879A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-19

申请号：US278004

申请日：1981-07-06

Applicant: Pierre Lhonore ,  Jacques Quibel ,  Bernard Jacquinot ,  Yvon Jestin ,  Robert Pelletier

Inventor： Pierre Lhonore ,  Jacques Quibel ,  Bernard Jacquinot ,  Yvon Jestin ,  Robert Pelletier

IPC: C07B43/02 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C07B31/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/02 ,  C07C205/03 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/26

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  Y10T137/85938

Abstract: A reactor for nitration of saturated hydrocarbons having less than five con atoms, alone or in admixture, in the gaseous phase under pressure is made up of a reaction enclosure, in which a tube or pipe bank is in contact with a heated fluid of high heat-exchange capacity. The inside perimeter of the tubes does not exceed 800 mm, and if circular not in excess of 250 mm, and the ratio of the surface of the tube bank, in contact with the reaction medium, to the volume of the reaction enclosure is 1:1 to 3:1.The reactor apparatus further includes a mechanical means to uniformly distribute the delivery of reaction medium gases to the various tubes of the bank so that the load difference between the most loaded tube and that of the least loaded tube is equal to 10% at the most.The reactor also includes a tube bank injector which feeds the tube bank to assure homogeneous mixing of all the reaction fluids in the tube bank.

Abstract translation: 用于在压力下在气相中单独或以混合物硝化少于五个碳原子的饱和烃的反应器由反应壳体组成，其中管或管组与高热的加热流体接触 交换容量。 管的内周长不超过800mm，如果圆形不超过250mm，并且与反应介质接触的管组的表面与反应外壳的体积之比为1： 1到3：1。 反应器装置还包括将反应介质气体均匀地分配到储存器的各种管中的机械装置，使得最负载管和最小负载管的负载差最大等于10％。 反应器还包括管堤注入器，其向管组供给以确保管组中的所有反应流体的均匀混合。

公开(公告)号：US4433162A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-21

申请号：US447471

申请日：1982-12-06

Applicant: Toshikazu Hamamoto ,  Ryoji Sugise

Inventor： Toshikazu Hamamoto ,  Ryoji Sugise

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/52 ,  C07C76/02

CPC classification number: C07C201/12

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing an ester of nitroacetic acid which comprises;(1) a first step of subjecting a vinyl ester of a fatty acid and a nitrogen oxide to reaction with each other in the presence of a gas containing molecular oxygen in a solvent; and(2) a second step of subjecting the resultant reaction product of the first step to reaction with an alcohol.According to the method of this invention, an ester of nitroacetic acid can effectively be obtained in higher yield.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种制备硝基乙酸酯的方法，该方法包括： （1）在溶剂中含有分子氧的气体的存在下，使脂肪酸和氮氧化物的乙烯基酯进行反应的第一工序; 和（2）使所得第一步反应产物与醇反应的第二步。 根据本发明的方法，可以以更高的收率有效地获得硝基乙酸的酯。

公开(公告)号：US4417080A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-22

申请号：US386857

申请日：1982-06-10

Applicant: David S. Ross ,  Robert M. Johnson, Jr. ,  Ripudaman Malhotra

Inventor： David S. Ross ,  Robert M. Johnson, Jr. ,  Ripudaman Malhotra

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C79/10

CPC classification number: C07C201/08

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are nitrated by reacting the aromatic hydrocarbon in a nitrogen tetroxide-containing liquid reaction medium, in the presence of a beta-dicarbonyl compound having a "W" configuration with a carbonyl group at each apex of the "W", such as a metal acetylacetonate, preferably at a pressure and temperature sufficient to maintain the nitrogen tetroxide in the liquid state. Addition of an inert organic co-solvent to the liquid nitrogen tetroxide for the metal acetylacetonate promoted nitration of benzene essentially eliminates the production of dinitrobenzenes.

Abstract translation: 在具有“W”构型的β-二羰基化合物与“W”的每个顶点具有羰基的存在下，通过使含四氧化二氮的液体反应介质中的芳族烃反应，使芳族烃硝化，例如 金属乙酰丙酮化物，优选在足以将氮氧化物保持在液态的压力和温度下。 向液态四氧化物中加入惰性有机助溶剂用于金属乙酰丙酮化物促进苯的硝化，基本上消除了二硝基苯的生成。

公开(公告)号：US4415744A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-15

申请号：US313522

申请日：1981-10-21

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher ,  Kang-Bo Wang

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher ,  Kang-Bo Wang

IPC: B01J27/02 ,  B01J29/06 ,  B01J37/20 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C205/57 ,  C07C79/46

CPC classification number: B01J37/20 ,  B01J27/02 ,  B01J29/06 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Aromatic compounds are nitrated in the vapor phase via a process comprising contacting the aromatic compound with a nitrating agent in the presence of a nitration promotion catalyst which comprises the adduct of:(a) an alumina-silica-metal oxide combination represented by the formula:(Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).sub.a (SiO.sub.2).sub.b (M.sub.2/n O).sub.c wherein M is a metal cation selected from the group consisting of the lanthanides or rare earths, Groups 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 7b, and 8 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and mixtures thereof, and a, b, and c represent weight percent of the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, and M.sub.2/n O components, respectively, in the alumina-silica-metal oxide combination, with a being 0 to 100, b being 0 to 100, and c being 0 to 50, and n represents an integer from 1 to 7 of the valence of the metal cation, with the proviso that the sum of (a+b) must be greater than 0, and(b) a catalytically effective amount of sulfur trioxide.

Abstract translation: 芳族化合物在气相中通过包括在硝化促进催化剂存在下使芳族化合物与硝化剂接触的方法进行硝化，所述催化剂包含以下加合物：（a）由下式表示的氧化铝 - 二氧化硅 - 金属氧化物组合： （Al 2 O 3）a（SiO 2）b（M2 / nO）c其中M是选自镧系元素或稀土的金属阳离子，元素周期表的第1b，2b，5b，6b，7b和8族 元素及其混合物，a，b和c分别表示氧化铝 - 二氧化硅 - 金属氧化物组合中的Al 2 O 3，SiO 2和M 2 / NO组分的重量百分比，其中0至100，b为 0〜100，c为0〜50，n表示金属阳离子的化合价的1〜7的整数，条件是（a + b）之和必须大于0，（b） 催化有效量的三氧化硫。

公开(公告)号：US4407729A

公开(公告)日：1983-10-04

申请号：US313519

申请日：1981-10-21

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher ,  Kang-Bo Wang

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher ,  Kang-Bo Wang

IPC: B01J27/02 ,  B01J29/06 ,  B01J37/20 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/11 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C205/57 ,  C07C205/59 ,  B01J21/04 ,  B01J27/24

CPC classification number: B01J37/20 ,  B01J27/02 ,  B01J29/06 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Catalyst compositions are prepared by contacting an alumina-silica-metal oxide combination represented by the formula:(Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).sub.a (SiO.sub.2).sub.b (M.sub.2/n O).sub.cwherein M is a metal cation selected from the group consisting of the lanthanides of rare earths, Groups 1b, 2b, 5b, 6b, 7b, and 8 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and mixtures thereof, and a, b, and c represent weight percent of the Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2, M.sub.2/n O components, respectively, in the alumina-silica-metal oxide combination, with a being 0 to 100, b being O to 100, and c being 0 to 50, and n represents an integer from 1 to 7 of the valence of the metal cation, with the proviso that the sum of a+b) must be greater than 0, with a catalytically effective amount of sulfur trioxide.

Abstract translation: 催化剂组合物通过使由式（Al 2 O 3）a（SiO 2）b（M2 / nO）c表示的氧化铝 - 二氧化硅 - 金属氧化物组合物接触来制备：其中M是选自稀土镧系元素的金属阳离子 元素周期表第1b，2b，5b，6b，7b和8族及其混合物，a，b和c分别表示Al 2 O 3，SiO 2，M 2 / NO组分的重量百分数， 氧化铝 - 二氧化硅 - 金属氧化物组合，其为0〜100，b为0〜100，c为0〜50，n表示金属阳离子的价数的1〜7的整数，条件是 a + b）的总和必须大于0，具有催化有效量的三氧化硫。