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    Process of making nitroparaffins by nitration in the gaseous phase
    112.
    发明授权
    Process of making nitroparaffins by nitration in the gaseous phase 失效
    通过在气相中硝化制备硝基烷烃的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4260838A

    公开(公告)日：1981-04-07

    申请号：US25594

    申请日：1979-03-30

    Applicant: Pierre Lhonore ,  Jacques Quibel ,  Bernard Jacquinot

    Inventor： Pierre Lhonore ,  Jacques Quibel ,  Bernard Jacquinot

    IPC: C07B43/02 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/02 ,  C07C76/02

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08

    Abstract: Nitroparaffins are made by nitration in the gaseous phase under pressure, ssibly in the presence of a gas containing oxygen. The reagent to be nitrated is a mixture containing a substantial amount of propane, the reaction temperature and pressure, the contact time and the quantitative ratios between the nitrating agent, the mixture to be nitrated and the oxygenated gas being selected so that the nitration reaction is conducted in a homogeneous gaseous phase. The process makes it possible to obtain a percentage of different nitroparaffins in response to industrial demand and further to use the cheapest raw materials at a given moment.

    Abstract translation: 在压力下，可能在含有氧的气体的存在下，气相中硝化制得硝基烷烃。 待硝化的试剂是含有大量丙烷，反应温度和压力，接触时间和硝化剂，待硝化混合物和氧化气体之间的定量比，使得硝化反应为 在均匀的气相中进行。 该过程使得可以根据工业需求获得不同的硝基烷烃的百分比，并且在给定时刻进一步使用最便宜的原料。

    Process for the preparation of mononitro-aromatic compounds
    113.
    发明授权
    Process for the preparation of mononitro-aromatic compounds 失效
    制备单硝基芳族化合物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4112005A

    公开(公告)日：1978-09-05

    申请号：US795249

    申请日：1977-05-09

    Applicant: Karl-Werner Thiem ,  Adolf Hamers ,  Josef Heinen

    Inventor： Karl-Werner Thiem ,  Adolf Hamers ,  Josef Heinen

    IPC: C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C79/10 ,  C07C79/12

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  Y02P20/582

    Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved continuous process for the preparation of mononitro-aromatic compounds which comprises (1) nitrating a reactive aromatic compound in the absence of sulphuric acid until mono-nitration is essentially complete, said nitration being carried out in 40 to 68% strength by weight nitric acid, (2) separating mechanically the nitration reaction mixture into an inorganic phase and an organic phase, (3) washing of the organic phase with water and dilute alkali solution and subsequent separation of the unconverted starting material end of the adhering water by means of rectification (4) feeding the inorganic phase and, if necessary, the wash water of the first water wash of the organic phase, to a rectification column in which (a) water is withdrawn over the top (b) optionally a fraction which has a lower nitric acid content than the feed is withdrawn from a sidestream takeoff in the rectifying section of the column and (c) a fraction which has a higher nitric acid content than the feed is taken off from the sump, (5) recycling said material withdrawn from the sump of the column to the nitration reaction vessel with the addition of fresh concentrated nitric acid and (6) withdrawing from the system an amount of the top product from the column which corresponds to the water of reaction and that which enters with the nitric acid that is added.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于制备单硝基芳族化合物的改进的连续方法，其包括（1）在不存在硫酸的情况下硝化反应性芳族化合物直到单硝化基本上完成，所述硝化在40至68 硝酸重量％，（2）将硝化反应混合物机械分离成无机相和有机相，（3）用水和稀碱溶液洗涤有机相，随后将未转化的原料末端分离 通过精馏（4）将无机相和必要时将有机相的第一次水洗涤的洗涤水进料到精馏塔（1）将顶部（b）中的水排出任选地 硝酸含量低于进料的馏分从柱的精馏段的侧流起飞中取出，（c）馏分具有较高的馏分 硝酸含量比原料从油底壳中取出，（5）加入新鲜的浓硝酸使从塔的集油槽抽出的物料回收到硝化反应容器，（6）从系统中取出一定量的 对应于反应水的塔的顶部产物和加入的硝酸进入的顶部产物。

    Nitration of anthraquinone
    116.
    发明授权
    Nitration of anthraquinone 失效
    蒽醌的硝化

    公开(公告)号：US3836547A

    公开(公告)日：1974-09-17

    申请号：US26042772

    申请日：1972-06-07

    Applicant: SANDOZ LTD

    Inventor： TOTH I

    IPC: C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/47 ,  C09B1/00

    CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C2603/24 ,  C07C205/47

    Abstract: DISCLOSED IS A NITRATION PROCESS CARRIED OUT IN CONCENTRATED NITRIC ACID AND IN WHICH THE RATE OF REACTION OF THE NITRATION PROCESS IS REDUCED BY THE ADDITION OF AN INHIBITOR, THE INHIBITOR HAVING A BASICITY GREATER THAN THAT OF THE NO30 ION AND BEING STABLE UNDER THE REATION CONDITIONS, E.G. BEING THE NITRITE OR PHOSPHATE ION. THE PROCESS IS USEFUL IN THE PARTIAL NITRATION OF COMPOUNDS HAVING A PLURALITY OF SITES SUSCEPTIBLE TO NITRATION, BEING PARTICULARLY USEFUL IN THE PRODUCTION OF 1-NITRO-ANTHRAQUINONE FROM ANTHRAQUINONE.

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