Abstract:
A liquid arc induced cavitation (LAIC) system (also referred to as a pulsed arc electrohydraulic discharge system) for use in reducing contaminants in liquids (e.g. water), having: a moving electrode positioning mechanism with feedback sensors to control the electrode gap geometry; a bank of hybrid capacitors and an air gap switch.
Abstract:
Provided is an electro-chemical water treatment apparatus and method for removing total nitrogen ingredients of ammonia nitrogen, nitrous acid nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen etc., organic materials of BOD and COD induction ingredients, and cyanogen included in wastewater and dirty water. The apparatus includes: a wastewater collection reservoir that contains wastewater; a wastewater storage retention reservoir that controls a hydrogen ion concentration (pH), an electrical conductivity and an amount of flow of wastewater; an electrolyte tank which makes the electrical conductivity of the wastewater as an electrical conductivity at which an electrolysis can be achieved; a pH conditioner tank that supplies a pH conditioner for the wastewater; an electrolyzer including an anode plate and a cathode plate, and a number of electrodes which are arranged as an electrification body between the anode plate and the cathode plate; and a controller which grasps state of wastewater and which is connected to the anode plate and the cathode plate to thereby control the electrolysis.
Abstract:
A method of sterilizing water that includes: immersing at least one electrode unit having a negative electrode within a container and a positive electrode within the container, the positive electrode separated from and facing the negative electrode, wherein the negative electrode has a plurality of negative electrode projections thereon, and the positive electrode has a plurality of positive electrode projections thereon, each positive electrode projection arranged to face and be aligned with each negative electrode projection one by one; and, supplying direct current by at least one power supply to the electrode unit immersed under the water.
Abstract:
A coagulation generating system that combines the advantages of conventional and electrocoagulation. In the coagulation generating system electro-coagulation is performed on an input (e.g., salt/brine) solution to generate a concentrated coagulant solution, which is then added to the source water in the same way as a standard stored chemical coagulant.
Abstract:
A liquid arc induced cavitation (LAIC) system (also referred to as a pulsed arc electrohydraulic discharge system) for use in reducing contaminants in liquids (e.g. water), having: a moving electrode positioning mechanism with feedback sensors to control the electrode gap geometry; a bank of hybrid capacitors and an air gap switch.
Abstract:
The water outflow fitting has a fitting body (2) which possesses a water duct (4) with an inlet and an outlet (3). A water valve (7) and means (14) for disinfecting the water are arranged in the water duct (4). The means (14) for disinfecting the water is an electrochemical cell (14) arranged in the water duct (4). Preferably, the electrochemical cell (14) is arranged in the water duct (4) in a region in which standing water is located when the water valve (7) is closed and flowing water is located when the water valve is open, the electrochemical cell (14) being located in standing water in the first case and being washed around or washed through by water in the second case. Preferably, in the event of the fitting being used, the electrochemical cell (14) is activated by means of a proximity sensor (12).
Abstract:
A mediated electrochemical oxidation process and apparatus are used to process biological and organic materials to provide hydrogen and oxygen for use as fuel in numerous types of equipment. Waste materials are introduced into an apparatus for contacting the waste with an electrolyte containing the oxidized form of one or more reversible redox couples, at least one of which is produced electrochemically by anodic oxidation at the anode of an electrochemical cell. The oxidized species of the redox couples oxidize the organic waste molecules and are themselves converted to their reduced form, whereupon they are reoxidized and the redox cycle continues until all oxidizable waste species have undergone the desired degree of oxidation. The entire process takes place at temperatures to avoid any possible formation of either dioxins or furans. The oxidation process may be enhanced by the addition of ultrasonic energy and/or ultraviolet radiation.
Abstract:
A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point of entry coming from a water source, such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water containing foulants. The water treatment system typically treats the water containing at least some undesirable species before delivering the treated water to a point of use. The water treatment system has a reservoir system in line with an electrochemical device. The electrochemical device of the water treatment system is operated at a low current and low flow rate to minimize water splitting or polarization, which minimizes scale formation.
Abstract:
An oxygen emitter which is an electrolytic cell is disclosed. When the anode and cathode are separated by a critical distance, very small microbubbles and nanobubbles of oxygen are generated. The very small oxygen bubbles remain in suspension, forming a solution supersaturated in oxygen. A flow-through model for oxygenating flowing water is disclosed. The use of supersaturated water for enhancing the growth of plants is disclosed. Methods for applying supersaturated water to plants manually, by drip irrigation or in hydroponic culture are described. The treatment of waste water by raising the dissolved oxygen with the use of an oxygen emitter is disclosed.
Abstract:
A High Electric Field Electrolysis (HEFE) cell is provided for electrolyzing water to transform it into Free Radical Solution (FRS) water for cleaning, deodorizing, and sterilizing. The HEFE cell is comprised of a pair of flat electrodes attached (or coated) onto a flat proton ion exchange membrane enclosed in a corresponding structure that accommodates the electrodes and the proton ion exchange membrane. The structure is comprised of at least one inlet channel for receiving purified water and two outlet channels for output of electrolyzed FRS water and hydrogen rich water. The HEFE cell further provides a mechanism for recycling of hydrogen rich water for re-use or electric power generation. The quantity and the quality of FRS water production is controlled with an external control circuit that automatically monitors and maintains appropriate parameter values for the production of FRS water.