公开(公告)号：US06910376B2

公开(公告)日：2005-06-28

申请号：US10468603

申请日：2002-02-22

Applicant: Tapio Mäenpää

Inventor： Tapio Mäenpää

IPC: D21F3/02 ,  D21G1/00 ,  D21G9/00 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L5/00 ,  G01L5/04

CPC classification number: D21F3/0227 ,  D21G1/00 ,  D21G1/006 ,  D21G9/0036 ,  D21G9/0045 ,  G01L1/247 ,  G01L5/0085

Abstract: In a measurement method in the manufacture of paper or paperboard, different forces prevailing in a nip between a roll and a counter roll of an apparatus conveying a paper or paperboard web are measured. In the method there are several measurement points implemented with one or more film sensors (3) placed in the roll (1) in the transverse direction of the paper or paperboard web. The measurement information obtained from the measurement points by means of the sensor or sensors (3) is utilized to determine the pressure distribution of the nip. The film sensor (3) is a piezo- and pyroluminescent sensor from which the measurement information can be received optically at least in the initial stage, or a sensor comprising an electromechanical film (EMFi). The sensors (3) placed in the calender roll (1) can be utilized to measure the pressure distribution of the calender nip (N).

Abstract translation: 在制造纸或纸板的测量方法中，测量在输送纸或纸板纸的设备的辊和对卷之间的辊隙中存在的不同的力。 在该方法中，通过在纸或纸板网的横向方向上放置在卷（1）中的一个或多个胶片传感器（3）来实现几个测量点。 使用通过传感器（3）从测量点获得的测量信息来确定压区的压力分布。 膜传感器（3）是压电和发光传感器，至少在初始阶段可以光学地接收测量信息，或者包括机电薄膜（EMFi）的传感器。 放置在砑光辊（1）中的传感器（3）可用于测量砑光辊隙（N）的压力分布。

公开(公告)号：US06442316B1

公开(公告)日：2002-08-27

申请号：US09740938

申请日：2000-12-21

Applicant: Mike Rossi ,  Nicholas V. Nechitailo

Inventor： Mike Rossi ,  Nicholas V. Nechitailo

IPC: G02B644

CPC classification number: G02B6/4469 ,  G01L1/247 ,  G02B6/443 ,  G02B6/4482

Abstract: The present invention is a fiber optic cable which uses pressure sensitive films or tactile films in order to detect areas on a fiber optic cable where excessive loads have been applied or experienced. In the present invention, a plurality of strips of tactile film or pressure sensitive film are inserted, at regular intervals, throughout the fiber optic cable structure in a fashion similar to that of swellable tape. The tactile film or pressure sensitive film used can be any color-changing stress sensor which is formed in the shape of a flat strip. The present invention uses strips of tactile or pressure sensitive film of different widths which are inserted periodically throughout the cable, both circumferentially and along the length of the cable. The films are located between the buffer tube(s) and the outer jacket of the cable or between the fibers and the outer jacket of the cable. This intermittent use decreases the overall cost and weight of the cable, over using a continuous length of tactile film. It is also desirable, in the present invention, to have the tactile or pressure sensitive film with corrugated folds along the width of the film. This corrugation provides a much higher sensitivity to loads experienced by the cables due to more “aggressive” deformation of the film during buckling.

Abstract translation: 本发明是一种光纤电缆，其使用压敏膜或触觉膜来检测已施加或经历过多负载的光纤电缆上的区域。 在本发明中，以与可膨胀胶带类似的方式，以规则的间隔以整个光纤电缆结构插入多条触觉膜或压敏胶片。 使用的触感膜或压敏膜可以是形成为扁平条形状的任何变色应力传感器。 本发明使用沿着电缆的周向和沿着电缆的长度周期性地穿过整个电缆的不同宽度的触觉或压敏薄膜条。 膜位于缓冲管和电缆的外护套之间，或者位于纤维和电缆的外护套之间。 这种间歇性使用通过使用连续长度的触觉膜来降低电缆的整体成本和重量。 在本发明中，也希望具有沿着膜的宽度的具有波纹褶皱的触觉或压敏膜。 这种波纹对于由于电缆弯曲期间膜的“侵蚀性”变形而对电缆承受的负载提供了更高的灵敏度。

公开(公告)号：US5983725A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-16

申请号：US152761

申请日：1998-09-14

Applicant: Harald Fischer ,  Rainer Wolf

Inventor： Harald Fischer ,  Rainer Wolf

IPC: G01L1/24 ,  G01L5/22 ,  G01L9/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/247 ,  G01L5/228

Abstract: In a tactile opto-electronic pressure sensor having a body with a rigid matrix including axially extending bores in which hollow cylinders of an elastic material are firmly disposed such that the front ends of the hollow cylinder project from one side of the matrix while the opposite ends of the hollow cylinders are flush with the other side of the matrix, a light emitting electro-luminescent foil is disposed on the front faces of the hollow cylinders such that light emitted therefrom shines through the hollow cylinders and is recorded by an evaluation device arranged at the other side of said matrix, the hollow cylinders being axially compressible such that their openings become smaller with increasing forces acting thereon, the light intensity received by the evaluation units depending on the forces applied to the hollow cylinders.

Abstract translation: 在具有包括轴向延伸的孔的刚性基体的本体的触觉光电压力传感器中，弹性材料的中空圆柱体被牢固地设置成使得中空圆柱体的前端从基体的一侧突出， 的中空圆柱体与基体的另一侧齐平，发光电致发光箔设置在中空圆筒的前表面上，使得其从其发出的光照射穿过中空圆筒，并由布置在 所述基体的另一侧，中空圆柱体可轴向压缩，使得它们的开口随着作用在其上的增加的力而变小，由评估单元接收的光强度取决于施加到中空圆柱体上的力。

公开(公告)号：US4820917A

公开(公告)日：1989-04-11

申请号：US135056

申请日：1987-12-18

Applicant: John T. Ioannou

Inventor： John T. Ioannou

IPC: G01K11/32 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L5/22 ,  H01J5/16 ,  G01K11/00

CPC classification number: G01L5/228 ,  G01K11/32 ,  G01L1/247

Abstract: A fiber optic core cladded with a material having an index of refraction lower than the core material and light sensing means located along the length of the core and cladding material. The sensing means receives light which escapes into the cladding from the core when the fiber optic is stressed, and produces an output in response to light received. Measurement of the output provides both magnitude and location information with respect to stresses in the fiber optic. A measurement of fiber temperature by detection of dark current, which is the function of temperature, is effected in pixels of the sensing means located in intimate contact with the fiber. An accurate measurement of stress in the fiber is made by subtracting dark current measurements from stress measurements when the fiber optic is excited with light.

Abstract translation: 一种光纤芯，其被包覆有折射率低于芯材料的材料和沿着芯和包层材料的长度设置的光感测装置。 当光纤受到应力时，感测装置接收从芯中逸出到包层中的光，并且响应于所接收的光产生输出。 输出的测量提供关于光纤中的应力的幅度和位置信息。 通过检测作为温度的函数的暗电流来测量纤维温度，以与光纤紧密接触的感测装置的像素为单位进行。 通过在光纤被光激发时从应力测量中减去暗电流来测量光纤中的应力。

公开(公告)号：US4733068A

公开(公告)日：1988-03-22

申请号：US848515

申请日：1986-04-07

Applicant: Alfred W. Thiele ,  Jeffrey S. Schoenwald ,  David E. Gjellum

Inventor： Alfred W. Thiele ,  Jeffrey S. Schoenwald ,  David E. Gjellum

IPC: G06F3/033 ,  G06F3/042 ,  H01J5/16 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: G06F3/042 ,  G01L1/242 ,  G01L1/247 ,  G06F3/0421

Abstract: A fiber optic sensor array includes a row of transmitting optical fibers, with a column of detecting optical fibers overlapping the transmitting fibers. A planar compliant spacer separates the transmitting fibers from the detecting fibers, so that a sensor element is defined at each location where a detecting fiber overlaps a transmitting fiber. The surfaces of each transmitting fiber and each receiving fiber are modified at the location of each sensor element to increase the optical coupling between the transmitting fiber and the receiving fiber at that element. The spacer in the array includes an opening between the transmitting fiber and the detecting fiber at the location of each sensor element. A support surface is affixed to the detecting fibers opposite the compliant spacer and a protective cover layer is affixed to the transmitting fibers opposite the compliant spacer. An array of light emitting elements, with each element in the emitting array being adapted to transmit light into one of the transmitting fibers, and an array of light detecting elements, each element in the detecting array being adapted to detect light emanating from one of the detecting fibers are provided. A clock times the emission of light from each emitting element and times the detection of light at each detecting element. The clock is connected to cause each detecting element to detect light in sequence after each emitting element has emitted light.

Abstract translation: 光纤传感器阵列包括一排发送光纤，一列检测光纤与传输光纤重叠。 平面兼容间隔件将发射光纤与检测光纤分离，使得在检测光纤与发射光纤重叠的每个位置处限定传感器元件。 每个传输光纤和每个接收光纤的表面在每个传感器元件的位置被修改，以增加该元件处的发射光纤和接收光纤之间的光耦合。 阵列中的间隔物包括在每个传感器元件的位置处的发射光纤和检测光纤之间的开口。 支撑表面固定在与柔性间隔物相对的检测纤维上，并且保护性覆盖层被固定到与柔性隔离物相对的传输纤维上。 一组发光元件，其中发射阵列中的每个元件适于将光透射到发射光纤之一和光检测元件阵列中，检测阵列中的每个元件适于检测从其中的一个发出的光 提供检测纤维。 时钟对来自每个发射元件的光的发射进行时间，并且对每个检测元件的光的检测倍数。 连接时钟，使每个检测元件在每个发光元件发光后依次检测光。

公开(公告)号：US4692610A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-08

申请号：US824124

申请日：1986-01-30

Applicant: Nicholas C. Szuchy

Inventor： Nicholas C. Szuchy

IPC: G01B11/16 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01N3/00

CPC classification number: G01B11/18 ,  G01L1/247

Abstract: A fiber optic load measuring system is disclosed comprising an optical pulse generator, an optical bus, a plurality of optical pulse routing switches, a plurality of optical attenuators disposed along the surface where the load is to be measured, a plurality of optical pulse routing switches, and a signal processor. The optical attenuators are each connected to a dedicated optical pulse routing switch and are adapted to vary the attenuation of the optical pulse in response to the applied load. The optical pulse routing switches are adapted to selectively direct the optical pulses to individual optical attenuators, such that each of the optical attenuators is separately and sequentially pulsed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种光纤负载测量系统，其包括光脉冲发生器，光总线，多个光脉冲路由开关，沿着待测量负载的表面设置的多个光衰减器，多个光脉冲路由开关 ，和信号处理器。 光衰减器各自连接到专用光脉冲路由开关，并且适于响应于所施加的负载来改变光脉冲的衰减。 光脉冲路由开关适于选择性地将光脉冲引导到单独的光衰减器，使得每个光衰减器被单独地和顺序地脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US4609816A

公开(公告)日：1986-09-02

申请号：US597762

申请日：1984-04-06

Applicant: Petrus J. W. Severin

Inventor： Petrus J. W. Severin

IPC: G01B11/00 ,  G06F3/033 ,  G06F3/041 ,  G06F3/042 ,  G06F3/048 ,  H01J5/16

CPC classification number: G01L1/242 ,  G01L1/247 ,  G06F3/0421

Abstract: The force-sensitive position sensor or writing tablet is composed (for each of the two coordinate directions) of two layers of parallel extending light conductors having a spacing of 0.1 mm or less, the distance between the two layers being approximately 5 .mu.m. By locally exerting a force on the carrier material in which the light conductors are embedded, by means of the tip of a stylus, the light conductors are geometrically deformed. These deformations cause a variation of the optical coupling between the two locally deformed conductors, thus causing a detectable transfer of light variation from one conductor to the other. By connection of one layer to a light source and the other layer to a suitable detector, a force-sensitive position sensor can be constructed by means of electro-optical means.

Abstract translation: 对于间隔为0.1mm以下的两层平行延伸的光导体构成力敏位置传感器或书写板（对于两个坐标方向的每一个），两层之间的距离约为5μm。 通过在其中嵌入光导体的载体材料上局部施加力，借助于触针的尖端，光导体几何变形。 这些变形引起两个局部变形的导体之间的光学耦合的变化，从而导致从一个导体到另一个的可变的光变化。 通过将一层与光源和另一层连接到合适的检测器，可以通过电光装置构造力敏感位置传感器。

公开(公告)号：US4132112A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-02

申请号：US824126

申请日：1977-08-12

Applicant: Noriyuki Hosoi ,  Yasuhiro Ogata ,  Hiroharu Matsukawa

Inventor： Noriyuki Hosoi ,  Yasuhiro Ogata ,  Hiroharu Matsukawa

IPC: G01L5/00 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B41M5/165 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L1/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/247 ,  B01J13/02

Abstract: A pressure-measuring sheet comprising a support having thereon a layer of microcapsules containing an electron-donating color former capable of forming a color on contact with an electron-accepting color developer, the microcapsules comprising a mixture of at least two groups of microcapsules having different ratios .delta./D of the number average wall thickness .delta. of the microcapsules to the volume average particle diameter D of the microcapsules and having a Ps value difference of about 50 to about 1,000 kg/cm.sup.2. Various planar and linear pressures and the distributions thereof can be measured by the pressure-measuring sheet utilizing changes in the densities of colors formed upon the application of pressures to the microcapsule layer because the color density changes are directly related to the pressures applied.

Abstract translation: 一种压力测量片，包括其上具有包含能够形成与受电子显色剂接触的颜色的供电子成色剂的微胶囊层的载体，所述微胶囊包含至少两组具有不同的微胶囊的混合物 微胶囊的数均壁厚Δδ与微胶囊的体积平均粒径D的Δ/ D比值，并且具有约50至约1,000kg / cm 2的Ps值差。 可以通过压力测量片利用在对微胶囊层施加压力时形成的颜色密度的变化来测量各种平面和线性压力及其分布，因为颜色密度变化与施加的压力直接相关。

公开(公告)号：US4104910A

公开(公告)日：1978-08-08

申请号：US760306

申请日：1977-01-18

Applicant: Yasuhiro Ogata ,  Noburo Hibino

Inventor： Yasuhiro Ogata ,  Noburo Hibino

IPC: G01L5/00 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01L1/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/247

Abstract: In a pressure measuring method by interposing a pressure-sensitive recording sheet between the parts to be measured and pressing the recording sheet with the parts, line pressures, face pressures, etc., can be precisely measured without need of highly skilled techniques and complicated calculations and unaccompanied by localized uneven recordings by pressing the recording sheet through a sheet material having regular embossed patterns.

Abstract translation: 在压力测量方法中，通过将压敏记录纸介于待测零件之间并按压部件的记录片材，线压力，面压力等可以精确地测量，而不需要高技能的技术和复杂的计算 并且通过将记录纸通过具有规则压花图案的片材压制而不被本地化的不均匀记录陪同。

公开(公告)号：US4098114A

公开(公告)日：1978-07-04

申请号：US781801

申请日：1977-03-28

Applicant: Yasuzi Asao ,  Yasuhiro Ogata ,  Noriyuki Hosoi

Inventor： Yasuzi Asao ,  Yasuhiro Ogata ,  Noriyuki Hosoi

IPC: B41M5/165 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B41M5/132 ,  G01L1/24 ,  B41M5/16 ,  G01L1/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/247 ,  B01J13/02 ,  B41M5/132 ,  Y10S116/34 ,  Y10S428/914 ,  Y10T428/25

Abstract: A recording sheet, especially useful for measuring pressures of 1 to 2,000 kg/cm.sup.2 with a high degree of accuracy, comprising a support, a recording layer thereon, and a protective layer of a transparent synthetic resin provided on top of the recording layer by extrusion coating, the recording layer containing microcapsules having a .delta./D ratio (as defined in the specification hereof) of about 1.5 .times. 10.sup.-3 to about 2.5 .times. 10.sup.-1.

Abstract translation: 特别适用于高精度地测量压力为1〜2000kg / cm 2的记录纸，包括支撑体，记录层，以及通过挤出设置在记录层顶部的透明合成树脂保护层 包含具有约1.5×10 -3至约2.5×10 -1的Δ/ D比（如本说明书中所定义）的微胶囊的记录层。