Abstract:
A method and system are provided for determining a relation between stimulation settings for a brain stimulation probe and a corresponding V-field. The brain stimulation probe comprises multiple stimulation electrodes. The V-field is an electrical field in brain tissue surrounding the stimulation electrodes. The method comprises sequentially applying a test current to n stimulation electrodes, n being a number between 2 and the number of stimulation electrodes of the brain stimulation probe, for each test current at one of the n stimulation electrodes, measuring a resulting excitation voltage at m stimulation electrodes, m being a number between 2 and the number of stimulation electrodes of the brain stimulation probe, from the stimulation settings and the measured excitation voltages, deriving a coupling matrix, an element in the coupling matrix reflecting an amount of electrical impedance between two of the stimulation electrodes, and using the coupling matrix for determining the relation between the stimulation settings and the corresponding V-field.
Abstract:
A neural probe system having a single guide tube that is inserted into neural tissue and from which a number of neural probes can be deployed is described. Each probe is deployable into tissue along a desired trajectory. This is done by supporting the electrode array on a spring tape-type carrier that maintains axial stiffness once the neural probe has deployed out a channel in the guide tube. That way, a target neural tissue is bounded by an increased number of neural probes while minimizing trauma to surrounding body tissue.
Abstract:
Improved low-cost, highly reliable methods for increasing the electrochemical surface area of neural electrodes are described. A mono-layer of polymeric nanospheres is first deposited on a metallization supported on a dielectric substrate. The nanospheres self-assemble into generally repeating lattice forms with interstitial space between them. Then, the geometric surface area of the metallization material is increased by either selectively etching part-way into its depth at the interstitial space between adjacent nanospheres. Another technique is to deposit addition metallization material into the interstitial space. The result is undulation surface features provided on the exposed surface of the metallization. This helps improve the electrochemical surface area when the treated metallizations are fabricated into electrodes.
Abstract:
Waveguide neural interface devices and methods for fabricating such devices are provided herein. An exemplary interface device includes a neural device comprising an exterior neural device sidewall extending to a distal end portion of the neural device, an array of electrode sites supported by a first face of the neural device sidewall. The array includes a recording electrode site. The exemplary interface device further includes a waveguide extending along the neural device, the waveguide having a distal end to emit light to illuminate targeted tissue adjacent to the recording electrode site, and a light redirecting element disposed at the distal end of the waveguide. The light redirecting element redirects light traveling through the waveguide in a manner that avoids direct illumination of the recording electrode site on the first face of the neural device sidewall.
Abstract:
An implantable electrode system of is disclosed that includes a conductive electrode layer, an interconnect coupled to the electrode layer, an insulator that insulates the interconnect, and an anchor that more securely fixes the electrode layer in place. This structure is particularly useful with the electrode layer being a neural interface that is configured to provide either a recording or stimulating function. A method for forming such an implantable electrode system includes forming an interconnect over a base layer, forming an anchoring structure over the base layer, depositing an insulating material layer over the interconnect structure and over the anchoring structure, exposing a portion of the interconnect structure, forming an electrode layer over the insulating layer, the electrode layer contacting the exposed portion of the interconnect structure.
Abstract:
A three-dimensional neural probe electrode array system is described. Planar probes are microfabricated and electrically connected to flexible micro-machined ribbon cables using a rivet bonding technique. The distal end of each cable is connected to a probe with the proximal end of the cable being customized for connection to a printed circuit board. Final assembly consists of combining multiple such assemblies into a single structure. Each of the two-dimensional neural probe arrays is positioned into a micro-machined platform that provides mechanical support and alignment for each array. Lastly, a micro-machined cap is placed on top of each neural electrode probe and cable assembly to protect them from damage during shipping and subsequent use. The cap provides a relatively planar surface for attachment of a computer controlled inserter for precise insertion into the tissue.
Abstract:
One embodiment of the invention includes an implantable electrode lead system that includes a series of shims stacked upon each other, a series of first components, and a series of second components connected to the series of first components through a series of connectors. One of the first components extends from one of the shims, and another of the first components extends from another one of the shims. The shims position the first components in a three dimensional arrangement.
Abstract:
A neural probe system having a single guide tube that is inserted into neural tissue and from which a number of neural probes can be deployed is described. Each probe is deployable into tissue along a desired trajectory. This is done by supporting the electrode array on a spring tape-type carrier that maintains axial stiffness once the neural probe has deployed out a channel in the guide tube. That way, a target neural tissue is bounded by an increased number of neural probes while minimizing trauma to surrounding body tissue.
Abstract:
The implantable electrode system of the preferred embodiments includes a conductor, an interconnect coupled to the conductor, an insulator that insulates the interconnect, and an anchor that is connected to both the conductor and the insulating element. The anchor is mechanically interlocked with at least one of the conductor and the insulator.
Abstract:
A medical electrode array system comprising a thin-film substrate, a plurality of electrode contacts disposed on the thin-film substrate, and a plurality of traces. The plurality of electrode contacts is configured to provide electrical contact points. The plurality of traces is electrically connected to the plurality of electrode contacts. A electrode contact of the plurality of electrode contacts has a dedicated trace of the plurality of traces that provides electrical connectivity to the electrode contact. The thin-film substrate is configured to flex to maintain continuous contact with contours of patient anatomy. The plurality of traces includes flexible spring-like portions to add flexibility to the thin-film substrate.