Abstract:
The invention relates to a method of producing glass-ceramic parts and/or glass parts by deformation of a glass-ceramic blank and/or glass blank. The invention is characterized in that forming is carried out using infrared radiation.
Abstract:
A method for making flat glass of good quality by rolling is described, in which a gas cushion is formed between the upper shaping roller and the glass sheet and contact between the lower shaping roller and the glass sheet is limited to a width of from 5 to 30 mm. The resulting flat glass has an upper surface quality that is nearly that of a fire-polished glass surface, while the lower surface has an improved quality that is better than that obtained by the prior art method. Furthermore it is advantageous that the method does not require an increase in the length of the cooling path following the rollers.
Abstract:
The silicate glass has a composition (in % by weight, based on oxide) of SiO2, 54-72; Al2O3, 0.5-7; ZrO2, 10-20; B2O3, 0- 5-24; La2O3, 0-5; and TiO2, 0-4. The glass also contains at least 0.6 percent by weight of La2O3 or at least 0.1 percent by weight TiO2. The glass has a hydrolytic resistance in hydrolytic glass 1, an acid resistance in acid class 3 or better, preferably acid class 1, a caustic lye resistance in lye class 1, a glass transition temperature (Tg) of at least 650° C., a thermal expansion coefficient (&agr;20/300) of 4.1×10−6 to 7.4×10−6/K, a refractive index (nd) of 1.53 to 1.63, an Abbé number (&ngr;d) of 48 to 58 and a negative anomalous partial dispersion in a blue spectral region (&Dgr;Pg,F) of up to −0.0130.
Abstract:
A method for the homogeneous heating of semitransparent and/or transparent glass and/or glass-ceramic articles using infrared radiation so that the glass and/or glass-ceramic articles undergo heat treatment at between 20 and 3000° C., notably at between 20 and 1705° C. Heating is achieved by a component of infrared radiation which acts directly on the glass and/or glass-ceramic articles and by a component of infrared radiation which acts indirectly on said glass and/or glass-ceramic articles. The radiation component indirectly acting on the glass and/or glass-ceramic articles accounts for more than 50% of total radiation output.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the hot shaping of molten gobs on a mold base by interposing a gas bed, comprising the following method steps. According to the invention such a method comprises the following method steps: a mold base made of open-pore mold material is produced; the supporting surface of the mold base is coated permanently with a glass contact material; such a coating material is chosen or the coating is arranged in such a way that the layer comprises open pores after its application which allow a gas-conductive connection between the lower side and the upper side of the layer; the mold base is charged with a gas in order to produce a gas bed on the upper side of the layer.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for producing high-strength construction and decoration materials which resemble natural stone, are in the form of panels and are used for cladding facades, walls and floors, both indoors and outdoors, from mixtures of broken glass, mineral components and finely divided additives, with a specified composition. A sintering aid, in the form of a solution of metal oxychlorides or metal alkoxides or tetrachlorides, preferably titanium tetrachloride, is added to the mixture, which is then introduced into a heat-resistant mould. In this mould, the mixture is subjected to a conventional sintering operation. The sintering aid which has been added makes it possible in particular to reduce the maximum sintering temperature and to improve the quality of the surface considerably.
Abstract:
A process for producing tabular building and decorative materials similar to natural stone and having high strength for the facing of facades, walls and floors in interior and exterior applications from thermally treated mixtures of crushed glass, ceramic components and finely divided additives and materials produced by the process.